| Fiscal Note | Bill Analysis
                   File No. 244

                    Substitute House Bill No. 6871


    House of Representatives,  April 10, 1997. The
Committee on Labor  and  Public Employees reported
through REP. DONOVAN,  84th DIST., Chairman of the
Committee on the  part  of  the  House,  that  the
substitute bill ought to pass.


AN ACT CONCERNING LIVING WAGE.


    Be  it  enacted  by  the  Senate  and House of
Representatives in General Assembly convened:
    Section 1. (NEW) (a) As used in this act:
    (1)  "Covered employer" means a person engaged
in  business  who  employs  one  hundred  or  more
employees   at   any   time   in   the   preceding
twelve-month period which has not been adjudicated
bankrupt  and  (A)  receives  any form of state or
local aid in the form of loans or grants  or  loan
guarantees  whose  total value is greater than ten
thousand dollars or (B) seeks to contract with the
state  or  is  eligible  for  tax incentives whose
total value is greater than ten thousand dollars.
    (2)  "Mass  layoff" means the permanent layoff
of twenty-five or more  employees  employed  in  a
facility  located  in  Connecticut  by  a  covered
employer  during  any  continuous  period  of  one
hundred  eighty  days,  but  does  not include any
layoff  caused  by  a  relocation  or  termination
necessitated by a flood or other natural disaster,
national emergency or act of war.
    (3)  "Permanent layoff" means the layoff of an
employee  by  an  employer   without   a   written
commitment  to  reinstate  the employee within one
hundred eighty days of the layoff,  but  does  not
include any layoff of any construction worker upon
the completion of a construction project or  of  a
seasonal employee.
    (b)  Any  covered employer who conducts a mass
layoff shall pay each employee, who is permanently
laid  off  in  the  course  of  the  mass  layoff,
severance pay at the rate of two months'  pay  for
each  year  of  employment  of the employee by the
employer.  The  monthly  rate  of  pay  shall   be
one-twelfth   of  the  gross  wages  paid  to  the
employee   during    the    twelve-month    period
immediately  preceding the layoff of the employee.
The severance pay shall  be  in  addition  to  any
final  wage  payment to the employees and shall be
paid in a single lump sum, not later than the last
day of employment. For the purposes of chapter 567
of the general statutes, the severance  pay  shall
not  be  counted  as  income during the employee's
benefit year established in  connection  with  the
layoff,   and  shall  not  reduce  the  employee's
unemployment compensation benefits during any week
of the benefit year.
    (c)  If  twenty-five  or more of the employees
who are laid  off  in  connection  with  the  mass
layoff  are  employed  in  facilities located in a
single municipality, the  covered  employer  shall
pay  to  the municipality, not later than the date
of the layoff, a penalty  equal  to  two  thousand
dollars  for each employee who is permanently laid
off in  the  course  of  the  mass  layoff.  After
residents  of  the  municipality  and the laid off
employees have been  provided  an  opportunity  to
testify regarding the use of the penalty moneys in
one or more public hearings before  the  governing
body of the municipality, the municipality may use
the penalty moneys to fund efforts  to  ameliorate
the  impact of the mass layoff, including: (1) The
development of  alternative  economic  development
plans  for  the  municipality  or for any facility
closed in connection with  the  mass  layoff;  (2)
infrastructure  development;  (3)  tax relief; and
(4) educational, environmental, public  safety  or
other local services that will preserve or improve
the  quality  of  life  for   residents   of   the
municipality.
    Sec.  2. (NEW) A covered employer shall not be
required to  pay  severance  pay  to  an  employee
pursuant  to section 1 of this act if the employer
offers each laid off employee, at a  location  not
more  than  fifty miles from the previous place of
employment, the same employment or a position with
equivalent  status,  benefits, pay and other terms
and conditions of employment.
    Sec.  3.  (NEW)  Each  covered  employer shall
conspicuously  display  notices   describing   the
employer's  obligations pursuant to the provisions
of this act and in the  event  of  a  mass  layoff
shall,  at  the  time that the employees are first
notified   of   the   layoff,   provide    written
notification  of  those  obligations  to: (1) Each
employee  who  is  laid   off;   (2)   any   labor
organization  representing  the employees; and (3)
the governing body of any  municipality  in  which
the layoff occurs.
    Sec.  4.  (NEW)  Nothing  in this act shall be
construed as diminishing or limiting  in  any  way
any rights, privileges or remedies of any employee
provided under any collective bargaining agreement
or   employment   contract,   or  under  any  law,
including any federal  law.  The  requirements  of
this act concerning the amount of severance pay to
be  provided  shall  be  regarded  as  a   minimum
standard and shall not be construed as prohibiting
an employer from providing severance pay or  other
compensation  in  amounts  exceeding  the  amounts
required by the provisions of this act.
    Sec.  5.  (NEW) If a covered employer fails to
make any severance  payment  or  pay  any  penalty
required  pursuant  to the provisions of section 1
of this act to a municipality or to  an  employee,
the  plaintiff  may  institute a civil action in a
court of competent jurisdiction for  relief  which
shall  include:  (1)  The  payment  of  any unpaid
penalty to the municipality; (2)  the  payment  of
any  unpaid severance payment to the employee; and
(3) the payment of reasonable costs  and  attorney
fees  of  the  plaintiff. The court shall assess a
civil fine of not more than one  thousand  dollars
for  a  first  violation  of this act and not more
than five thousand  dollars  for  each  subsequent
violation,  which  shall  be  paid  to  the  State
Treasurer  for   deposit   in   the   Unemployment
Compensation Fund. Each failure to pay an employee
or  municipality  shall  constitute   a   separate
violation. The court may also order the payment of
punitive  damages  to   the   plaintiff   and   an
injunction  to restrain any continued violation of
this act. As used  in  this  section,  "plaintiff"
means an aggrieved municipality or employee or any
labor organization representing the employee.
    Sec.  6.  (NEW)  (a) No covered employer shall
pay any of its employees an hourly wage less  than
sixty  per  cent of the average production wage in
the state as determined by the Labor  Commissioner
under  the  provisions  of  section  31-309 of the
general statutes.
    (b)   Each   covered  employer  shall  provide
health insurance coverage to all of its employees,
except   that   covered  employers  shall  provide
part-time employees such coverage  on  a  prorated
basis.  Each  covered employer shall make the best
health plan available to any employee available to
every  other  employee  under  the  same financial
terms.
    (c)  Each  covered  employer  shall provide to
all of its employees, a portable pension plan that
includes  an  employer  contribution  of  at least
three per cent of gross pay, except  that  covered
employers  shall  provide part-time employees such
plan on a prorated basis.
    (d)   No   covered   employer  shall  pay  any
employee of the employer more than fifty times the
average  compensation of any other employee of the
employer in the prior year.
    (e)   No   covered   employer  shall  pay  any
employee a severance package, during the  time  it
is  receiving  any  form of state or local aid, of
total value in excess of three million dollars  or
one million dollars per year of service, whichever
is less, unless an agreement  to  provide  such  a
severance  package  was  entered  into between the
employer and employee prior to the effective  date
of this act.
    (f)   Each   covered  employer  shall  have  a
written policy, available for  public  inspection,
to  the effect that it will not close, relocate or
eliminate jobs without exploring  alternatives  in
direct   consultation   with   state   and   local
government officials.
    (g)  Each  covered  employer that violates any
provision of this section shall reimburse  to  the
state  or  political  subdivision of the state, as
the case may be, with interest at the rate of five
per cent per annum, the full value of any state or
local  aid  received  in  the  tax  year  of   the
violation.
    (h)  No contract shall be awarded by the state
or  any  of  its  political  subdivisions  to  any
covered  employer  which is not in compliance with
federal, state or local laws.
    (i)   The   Labor   Commissioner   shall  have
authority to investigate and ascertain whether the
provisions  of  this  section  are  being complied
with. If the Labor Commissioner  finds  a  covered
employer   in   violation  of  this  section  such
employer shall be ineligible for  state  or  local
aid.
    Sec.  7.  This  act shall take effect from its
passage.

LAB  COMMITTEE VOTE: YEA 8  NAY 5   JFS
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      "THE FOLLOWING FISCAL  IMPACT  STATEMENT  AND BILL
 ANALYSIS ARE PREPARED FOR THE BENEFIT OF MEMBERS OF THE
 GENERAL ASSEMBLY, SOLELY  FOR  PURPOSES OF INFORMATION,
 SUMMARIZATION AND EXPLANATION  AND DO NOT REPRESENT THE
 INTENT OF THE  GENERAL ASSEMBLY OR EITHER HOUSE THEREOF
 FOR ANY PURPOSE."

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TOP FISCAL IMPACT STATEMENT - BILL NUMBER sHB 6871 STATE IMPACT Potential Cost, Workload Increase (General Fund), Indeterminate Revenue Gain (Unemployment Compensation Fund), see explanation below MUNICIPAL IMPACT Potential Savings, Potential Revenue Gain, see explanation below STATE AGENCY(S) Department of Labor, Department of Economic and Community Development, Connecticut Development Authority (quasi-public), Connecticut Innovations, Inc. (quasi-public), Judicial Department, Unemployment Compensation Fund EXPLANATION OF ESTIMATES: STATE IMPACT: There is a workload increase for the Department of Labor as a result of the passage of this bill associated with determining which companies violate the minimum pay and benefit standards specified in the bill. It is indeterminate as to whether this workload increase can be handled within the anticipated budgetary resources of the Department of Labor. There is an indeterminate revenue gain for the unemployment compensation fund as the result of civil penalties being assessed on companies and going to the fund. To the extent that the requirements in the bill concerning employee pay, employee benefits, employee severance and penalties reduces applications for state financial assistance or increases reimbursements to the state through the Department of Economic and Community Development, Connecticut Development Authority, or Connecticut Innovations, Inc.'s various financial programs, there could be a savings to the state. The exact impact is indeterminate. The bill could reduce the number of Connecticut companies that seek to contract with the state because that could subject them to the bill's provisions. Reducing the number of companies competing for state contracts could result in additional costs to the state that cannot be determined at this time. It is anticipated that any additional civil suits that may be brought in superior court can be handled within the budgeted resources of the Judicial Department. MUNICIPAL IMPACT: To the extent requirements in the bill reduce applications for local economic development assistance, there could be a savings to municipalities. The exact impact is indeterminate. There is a potential revenue gain for municipalities associated with towns receiving $2,000 per employee permanently laid off if 25 or more employees are laid off from a single town. * * * * *
TOP OLR BILL ANALYSIS sHB 6871 AN ACT CONCERNING LIVING WAGE SUMMARY: The bill requires that certain large companies meet minimum standards for employee pay and benefits, pay severance to affected employees if they permanently lay off 25 or more over a six-month period, and pay penalties to any affected municipality if 25 or more of the laid off employees work in one town. It also bars the state and political subdivisions from awarding contracts to such companies if they are not in compliance with federal, state, or local laws. The bill covers companies that have employed at least 100 people at any time in the preceding 12 months, have not been found bankrupt, and are (1) receiving state or local grants, loans, or loan guarantees with a total value of more than $10,000; (2) eligible for tax incentives whose total value is more than $10,000; or (3) seeking state contracts. Companies which the labor commissioner determines violate the minimum pay and benefit standards specified in the bill, are not eligible for state or local aid and must repay any aid received for the year of the violation, with interest. Those that fail to make required severance and penalty payments may be sued by affected employees or their unions or by affected municipalities. They are also subject to civil fines, payable to the state Unemployment Compensation Fund, punitive damages, and injunctions. EFFECTIVE DATE: Upon passage FURTHER EXPLANATION Corporate Standards The bill requires covered companies to: 1. pay all employees an hourly wage at least equal to 60% of the state average production wage (about $353 per week or $8.80 per hour for a 40-hour week); 2. provide health insurance to all employees, with part-time employees receiving insurance on a prorated basis; 3. make the best health plan available to any employee available to all employees on the same financial terms; 4. provide all employees with a portable pension plan with an employer contribution of at least 3% of gross pay, and a prorated pension for part-time employees; 5. not pay any employee more than 50 times the average compensation that any other company employee received in the preceding year; 6. not, while receiving state or local aid, give any employee a severance package valued at more than $3 million in total or $1 million for each year of service, whichever is less, unless required by an agreement between the employer and employee concluded before the bill's effective date; and 7. have, and make available to the public, a written policy that it will not close, relocate, or eliminate jobs without consulting directly with state and local government officials about alternatives. Mass Layoff Under the bill, a "mass layoff" occurs when a covered company permanently lays off 25 or more employees from a Connecticut facility during any 180-day period, for any reason other than a plant shutdown or relocation caused by a natural disaster, national emergency, or war. A layoff is considered permanent if the employer makes no written commitment to recall a worker within 180 days. Construction workers laid off at the end of a construction project and seasonal workers, at the end of a season, are excluded. Severance Payment The bill requires a covered company that conducts a mass layoff to pay each laid off employee severance equal to two months' pay for each year he worked for the company. The employee's monthly pay is one-twelfth of his gross pay for the 12 months immediately before the layoff. The severance must be paid in a lump sum not later than the employee's last day. It is in addition to any final wages the company owes him. A company does not have to pay the severance if it offers each laid off employee the same or an equivalent position at another plant within a 50-mile radius of where he used to work. The severance payment required by the bill must not delay or reduce the employee's eligibility for unemployment compensation benefits as a result of the layoff. Municipal Penalty If 25 or more employees are laid off from facilities located in a single town as part of a mass layoff, a covered company must pay the affected town a penalty equal to $2,000 for each permanently laid off employee. The town must hold a public hearing and give laid off employees and municipal residents a chance to testify on uses for the penalty money. The bill allows the municipality to use the money to ameliorate the effects of the layoff, including for alternative economic development plans, infrastructure, tax relief, or services that will preserve or improve the town's quality of life. Enforcement Corporate Standards. The bill requires the labor commissioner to investigate and determine whether covered companies are complying with the standards of conduct specified in the bill. Any company the commissioner finds to be violating the standards is ineligible for state of local aid. Violators must also reimburse the state or political subdivision for the full value of any aid received during the tax year the violation occurred, plus 5% annual interest. Penalty and Severance Provisions. The bill allows laid off employees, their unions, or an affected municiplity to sue a covered company that fails to make the required payments. The court must require the company to pay (1) any unpaid severance to the employees, (2) any unpaid penalties to municipalities, and (3) the plaintiffs' reasonable costs and attorneys fees. In addition, the bill requires the court to impose a civil fine of up to $1,000 for a first violation, and up to $5,000 for each subsequent violation. Each failure to pay an employee or a municipality constitutes a separate violation. Fines are payable to the state treasurer, who must deposit them in the state Unemployment Compensation Fund. Finally, the bill allows the court to award punitive damages to plaintiffs and to grant injunctions to restrain further violations. Other Rights and Privileges The bill specifies that its requirements do not diminish or affect employees' rights under collective bargaining agreements, employment contracts, or other laws. And it does not prohibit an employer from paying greater severance or compensation than the minimum amounts the bill requires. Notice Requirements The bill requires covered employers to display notices describing their obligations. If a company carries out a mass layoff, it must also provide written notice of its obligations to each laid off employee; the labor organizations representing the laid off employees, if any; and the municipal governing body where the layoffs occur. The latter notice must be provided when the employees are first notified of the layoff. BACKGROUND Related Bill sHB 6795, favorably reported by the Labor and Public Employees Committee, contains the same severance and penalty provisions as this bill. That bill applies to any profitable company with 100 or more employees, whether or not it receives state or local aid. COMMITTEE ACTION Labor and Public Employees Committee Joint Favorable Substitute Yea 8 Nay 5
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