*See chapter 61a re educational technology.
Cited. 129 C. 191.
Sec. 10-1. Appointment of board members.
Sec. 10-2a. Student Advisory Council on Education.
Sec. 10-3. Prosecuting agents to enforce school laws.
Sec. 10-3b. Annual report to the General Assembly re State Education Resource Center.
Sec. 10-3c. Director of reading initiatives.
Sec. 10-3d. Designated employee responsible for providing information and assistance re dyslexia.
Sec. 10-4a. Educational interests of state identified.
Sec. 10-4c. State board to monitor state grants to local and regional boards.
Sec. 10-4d. Advisory committee on educational equity.
Sec. 10-4e. Coordination and planning for educational technology.
Sec. 10-4f. State Board of Education. Copyright authority.
Sec. 10-4g. Parental and community involvement in schools; model program; school-based teams.
Sec. 10-4h. Grant program for telecommunications projects.
Secs. 10-4i to 10-4k. Transferred
Sec. 10-4l. Advisory committee on school district reporting requirements.
Sec. 10-4m. Commission on Educational Excellence.
Sec. 10-4n. Committee on Educational Equity and Excellence.
Sec. 10-4s. Reports and evaluations re school governance councils and reconstituted schools.
Sec. 10-4t. Reports and evaluations re school governance councils.
Sec. 10-4u. Parent Trust Fund.
Sec. 10-4v. Innovation waivers. Procedural requirements. Legislative review.
Sec. 10-4w. Standards re remote learning. Authorization of remote learning.
Sec. 10-5a. Educational technology and high school graduation requirements.
Sec. 10-5b. Department of Education web site.
Sec. 10-5c. Academic advancement program.
Sec. 10-5d. Technical assistance for implementation of high school graduation requirements. Report.
Sec. 10-5e. Development or approval of end of the school year examinations.
Secs. 10-6 and 10-7. Transferred
Secs. 10-7a to 10-7d. Transferred
Sec. 10-7e. Occupational schools in existence on October 1, 1979.
Secs. 10-7f to 10-7l. Transferred
Secs. 10-7m to 10-7q. Reserved
Secs. 10-7r to 10-7u. Transferred
Sec. 10-7v. Digital Citizenship, Internet Safety and Media Literacy Advisory Council.
Sec. 10-8. Licensing of private schools for trade instruction and special occupational training.
Sec. 10-8b. Teacher shortages.
Sec. 10-8c. Accelerated cross endorsement. Former teacher certification.
Sec. 10-9. Bequests for educational purposes.
Sec. 10-9a. Misuse of state funds or resources. Civil action by department.
Sec. 10-10. Acquisition of federal surplus property.
Sec. 10-10b. Inclusion of state-assigned student identifier on all official student documents.
Sec. 10-10c. Uniform system of accounting. Chart of accounts. Audit.
Sec. 10-10d. Regulations re fiscal accountability data collection report.
Sec. 10-10f. Minimum budget requirement calculation worksheet.
Sec. 10-10h. Document re resources for students and families.
Sec. 10-11. Receipt and expenditure of federal funds and funds from private or municipal sources.
Sec. 10-11a. Allocation to meet matching requirements of federal acts.
Sec. 10-12. State Board of Vocational Education.
Sec. 10-13. Appointment of physicians for technical education and career schools.
Sec. 10-13a. Fees at technical institutes.
Sec. 10-14. Expenses of the board.
Sec. 10-14a. Transferred
Sec. 10-1. Appointment of board members. (a)(1) Prior to July 1, 1998, the State Board of Education shall consist of nine members. On and after July 1, 1998, but prior to July 1, 2010, the State Board of Education shall consist of eleven members, two of whom shall be nonvoting student members.
(2) On and after July 1, 2010, but prior to April 1, 2011, the State Board of Education shall consist of thirteen members, at least two of whom shall have experience in manufacturing or a trade offered at the regional vocational-technical schools or be alumni of or have served as educators at a regional vocational-technical school and two of whom shall be nonvoting student members. Only those members with experience in manufacturing or a trade offered at the regional vocational-technical schools or are alumni of or have served as educators at a regional vocational-technical school shall be eligible to serve as the chairperson for the regional vocational-technical school subcommittee of the board.
(3) On and after April 1, 2011, but prior to July 1, 2012, the State Board of Education shall consist of thirteen members, (A) at least two of whom shall have experience in manufacturing or a trade offered at the regional vocational-technical schools or be alumni of or have served as educators at a regional vocational-technical school, (B) at least one of whom shall have experience in agriculture or be an alumni of or have served as an educator at a regional agricultural science and technology education center, and (C) two of whom shall be nonvoting student members. Only those members described in subparagraph (A) of this subdivision shall be eligible to serve as the chairperson for the regional vocational-technical school subcommittee of the board.
(4) On and after July 1, 2012, the State Board of Education shall consist of fourteen members, (A) at least two of whom shall have experience in manufacturing or a trade offered at the technical education and career schools or be alumni of or have served as educators at a technical education and career school, (B) at least one of whom shall have experience in agriculture or be an alumni of or have served as an educator at a regional agricultural science and technology education center, and (C) two of whom shall be nonvoting student members.
(b) The Governor shall appoint, with the advice and consent of the General Assembly, the members of said board, provided each student member (1) is on the list submitted to the Governor pursuant to section 10-2a, (2) is enrolled in a public high school in the state, (3) has completed eleventh grade prior to the commencement of his term, (4) has at least a B plus average, and (5) provides at least three references from teachers in the school the student member is attending. The nonstudent members shall serve for terms of four years commencing on March first in the year of their appointment. The student members shall serve for terms of one year commencing on July first in the year of their appointment. The president of the Connecticut State Colleges and Universities, the chairperson of the Technical Education and Career System board and the Chief Workforce Officer shall serve as ex-officio members without a vote. Any vacancy in said State Board of Education shall be filled in the manner provided in section 4-19.
(1949 Rev., S. 1332; 1969, P.A. 690, S. 2; 1971, P.A. 252; P.A. 77-573, S. 24, 30; 77-614, S. 301, 610; P.A. 78-218, S. 1, 212; P.A. 83-587, S. 11, 96; P.A. 98-84, S. 1, 3; P.A. 10-76, S. 2; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 10-1, S. 58; P.A. 11-48, S. 285; P.A. 12-116, S. 74; P.A. 16-15, S. 15; P.A. 17-237, S. 37; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 17-2, S. 81; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 21-2, S. 239.)
History: 1969 act changed appointment date to February in odd-numbered years from previous date of May in years general assembly meets, required that appointments be made with advice and consent of general assembly, deleted requirement that there be one member for each county and provided that vacancies be filled as provided in Sec. 4-19 rather than by governor for the unexpired portion of term; 1971 act provided that chief executive officer of commission for higher education be ex-officio, nonvoting member; P.A. 77-573 substituted board of higher education for commission for higher education; P.A. 77-614 changed appointment procedure, effective January 1, 1979; P.A. 78-218 specified that vacancy-filling procedure applies to state board of education, thereby avoiding any confusion which might result from reference to board of higher education immediately before; P.A. 83-587 substituted commissioner of higher education for chief executive officer of board of higher education; P.A. 98-84 increased board membership to eleven as of July 1, 1998, adding student members, effective May 4, 1998; P.A. 10-76 designated existing provisions as Subsecs. (a)(1) and (b), added Subsec. (a)(2) re 13 members on board on and after July 1, 2010, with 2 designated as persons with regional vocational-technical school experience, added Subsec. (a)(3) re 13 members on board on and after April 1, 2011, with 2 designated as persons with regional vocational-technical school experience and 1 designated as person with regional agricultural science and technology education center experience, and made conforming changes, effective July 1, 2010; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 10-1 made a technical change in Subsec. (a)(3), effective July 1, 2010; pursuant to P.A. 11-48, “Commissioner of Higher Education” was changed editorially by the Revisors to “president of the Board of Regents for Higher Education” in Subsec. (b), effective July 1, 2011; P.A. 12-116 amended Subsec. (a) by adding “but prior to July 1, 2012” in Subdiv. (3) and adding Subdiv. (4) re membership of board on and after July 1, 2012, and amended Subsec. (b) by adding chairperson of the technical high school system board as ex-officio member and making a technical change, effective July 1, 2012; P.A. 16-15 amended Subsec. (b) by replacing “president of the Board of Regents for Higher Education” with “president of the Connecticut State Colleges and Universities”, effective July 1, 2016; P.A. 17-237 amended Subsec. (a)(4) by replacing references to technical high school with references to technical education and career school, and amended Subsec. (b) by replacing “chairperson of the technical high school system board” with “superintendent of the Technical Education and Career System”, effective July 1, 2017; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 17-2 amended Subsec. (b) by replacing “superintendent of the Technical Education and Career System” with “chairperson of the Technical Education and Career System board”, effective October 31, 2017; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 21-2 amended Subsec. (b) by adding Chief Workforce Officer as ex-officio, nonvoting member of the State Board of Education, effective July 1, 2021.
Cited. 210 C. 286.
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Sec. 10-2. Officers. Secretaries. Agents. Employees. “Secretary to the State Board of Education” deemed to mean “Commissioner of Education”. (a) The Governor shall select one of the members of the State Board of Education to serve as chairperson. Said board shall appoint such committees as may be convenient or necessary in the transaction of its business. The Commissioner of Education shall serve as secretary to the board and said commissioner may appoint an assistant secretary, provided neither of them shall be members of the board. The commissioner shall record all acts of the board and certify the same to all concerned and shall be the custodian of its records and papers; shall prepare such routine business for presentation to said board as may be necessary or advisable; shall compile and publish, under the direction of said board, all regulations and acts which may be required and shall perform such duties as the board prescribes. Said board may appoint, and may prescribe the duties of, such subordinates, agents and employees as it finds necessary in the conduct of its business.
(b) Whenever the term the secretary to the State Board of Education occurs or is referred to in the general statutes, it shall be deemed to mean or refer to the Commissioner of Education.
(1949 Rev., S. 1333; P.A. 77-614, S. 302, 610; P.A. 78-218, S. 2, 3, 212.)
History: P.A. 77-614 provided for selection of chairman by governor rather than by board itself, provided that commissioner of education serve as secretary and have power to appoint assistant secretary and that neither be considered a member, replacing provision for appointment of secretary and assistant by board itself and added Subsec. (b); P.A. 78-218 substituted “chairperson” for “chairman” and deleted provision concerning appointment of agent to “secure the observance of the laws relating to the instruction of children”.
Cited. 152 C. 568; 184 C. 1.
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Sec. 10-2a. Student Advisory Council on Education. (a) The Commissioner of Education shall appoint a state Student Advisory Council on Education. The commissioner shall ensure that the membership of the council (1) includes male and female students, (2) is racially, ethnically and economically diverse, (3) includes students from each Congressional district in the state, and (4) includes students who have disabilities.
(b) The council shall submit to the Governor a list of five candidates for appointment as student members to the State Board of Education pursuant to section 10-1. Such candidates shall meet the criteria established pursuant to said section 10-1 for student membership on the state board.
(P.A. 98-84, S. 2, 3.)
History: P.A. 98-84 effective May 4, 1998.
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Sec. 10-3. Prosecuting agents to enforce school laws. Section 10-3 is repealed.
(1949 Rev., S. 1334; 1961, P.A. 517, S. 92; February, 1965, P.A. 112, S. 1.)
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Sec. 10-3a. Department of Education. Commissioner. Organization of bureaus, divisions and other units. Regulations. Advisory boards. (a) There shall be a Department of Education which shall serve as the administrative arm of the State Board of Education. The department shall be under the direction of the Commissioner of Education, whose appointment shall be recommended to the Governor by the State Board of Education for a term of four years to be coterminous with the term of the Governor. Such appointment shall be in accordance with the provisions of sections 4-5 to 4-7, inclusive. The Commissioner of Education shall be the administrative officer of the department and shall administer, coordinate and supervise the activities of the department in accordance with the policies established by the board.
(b) The State Board of Education shall organize the Department of Education into such bureaus, divisions and other units as may be necessary for the efficient conduct of the business of the department, and may, from time to time, create, abolish, transfer or consolidate within the department any bureau, division or other unit as may be necessary for the efficient conduct of the business of said board. Upon such organization or reorganization the board shall adopt regulations pursuant to the provisions of chapter 54. The board may create such advisory boards as it deems necessary for the efficient conduct of the business of the department.
(P.A. 77-614, S. 299, 300, 610; P.A. 07-114, S. 1.)
History: P.A. 07-114 amended Subsec. (a) to make appointment of commissioner gubernatorial with recommendation by State Board of Education and to add reference to Secs. 4-5 to 4-7, inclusive.
Cited. 198 C. 445; 210 C. 286.
Cited. 39 CS 443.
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Sec. 10-3b. Annual report to the General Assembly re State Education Resource Center. Section 10-3b is repealed, effective July 1, 2021.
(P.A. 13-286, S. 3; P.A. 21-144, S. 12.)
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Sec. 10-3c. Director of reading initiatives. There shall be a director of reading initiatives within the Department of Education. The director shall be responsible for (1) administering the intensive reading instruction program to improve student literacy in kindergarten to grade three, inclusive, and close the achievement gaps that result from opportunity gaps, pursuant to section 10-14u, (2) assisting in the development and administration of the program of professional development for teachers and principals in scientifically based reading research and instruction, pursuant to section 10-148b, (3) administering the coordinated state-wide reading plan for students in kindergarten to grade three, inclusive, pursuant to section 10-14v, (4) administering, within available appropriations, the incentive program described in section 10-14w, (5) providing assistance to local and regional boards of education in the administration of the reading assessments described in section 10-14t, and the implementation of school district reading plans, (6) providing information and assistance to parents and guardians of students relating to reading and literacy instruction, (7) addressing reading and literacy issues related to students who are English language learners, and (8) developing and administering any other state-wide reading and literacy initiatives for students in kindergarten to grade twelve, inclusive.
(P.A. 15-137, S. 1; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 21-2, S. 403.)
History: P.A. 15-137 effective July 1, 2015; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 21-2 replaced “achievement gap” with “achievement gaps that result from opportunity gaps” in Subdiv. (1) and added “, within available appropriations,” in Subdiv. (4), effective July 1, 2022.
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Sec. 10-3d. Designated employee responsible for providing information and assistance re dyslexia. The Commissioner of Education shall designate an employee of the Department of Education to be responsible for providing information and assistance to local and regional boards of education and the parents or guardians of students relating to the detection and recognition of, and evidence-based structured literacy interventions for, students with dyslexia. For purposes of this section, “dyslexia” has the same meaning as provided in the Department of Education IEP Manual and Forms, revised January 2015, as amended from time to time.
(P.A. 15-97, S. 1.)
History: P.A. 15-97 effective July 1, 2015.
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Sec. 10-3e. Designated employee responsible for providing information and assistance re gifted and talented students. The Commissioner of Education shall designate an employee of the Department of Education, preferably an employee who has experience working with gifted and talented students, to be responsible for providing information and assistance to local and regional boards of education and the parents or guardians of students. Such information and assistance shall relate to awareness about, identification of and the provision of services to, gifted and talented students.
(P.A. 17-82, S. 1.)
History: P.A. 17-82 effective July 1, 2017.
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Sec. 10-4. Duties of board. Reports. Comprehensive plan for elementary, secondary, vocational, career and adult education. (a) Said board shall have general supervision and control of the educational interests of the state, which interests shall include preschool, elementary and secondary education, special education, vocational education and adult education; shall provide leadership and otherwise promote the improvement of education in the state, including research, planning and evaluation and services relating to the provision and use of educational technology, including telecommunications, by school districts; shall adopt state-wide subject matter content standards, provided such standards are reviewed and revised at least once every ten years; shall prepare such courses of study and publish such curriculum guides including recommendations for textbooks, materials, instructional technological resources and other teaching aids as it determines are necessary to assist school districts to carry out the duties prescribed by law; shall conduct workshops and related activities, including programs of intergroup relations training, to assist teachers in making effective use of such curriculum materials and in improving their proficiency in meeting the diverse needs and interests of pupils; shall keep informed as to the condition, progress and needs of the schools in the state; shall develop or cause to be developed evaluation and assessment programs designed to measure objectively the adequacy and efficacy of the educational programs offered by public schools and shall selectively conduct such assessment programs annually and report, pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, to the joint standing committee of the General Assembly having cognizance of matters relating to education, on an annual basis; and shall establish and keep an inventory account, in accordance with the provisions of section 4-36, of all property owned and in the custody of the Department of Education, secure such inventory to prevent theft or loss and establish controls over the disposal of such inventory.
(b) Said board shall submit to the Governor and to the joint standing committee of the General Assembly having cognizance of matters relating to education an account of the condition of the public schools and of the amount and quality of instruction therein and such other information as will assess the true condition, progress and needs of public education.
(c) Said board shall prepare every five years a five-year comprehensive plan for elementary, secondary, vocational, career and adult education. Such comprehensive plan shall include, but need not be limited to, (1) a policy statement of the State Board of Education's long-term goals and short-term objectives, including, for any comprehensive plan prepared on or after July 1, 2018, a policy statement that the demographics of educators in the public schools should reflect the racial and ethnic diversity of the total population of the state, (2) an analysis of cost implications and measurement criteria and how said board's programs and operations relate to such goals and objectives, and (3) specific action plans, target dates and strategies and methods of implementation for achieving such goals and objectives. The State Board of Education shall establish, every five years, an advisory committee to assist the board in the preparation of the comprehensive plan. Members of the advisory committee shall be appointed by the State Board of Education with representation on the committee to include, but not be limited to, representatives of the Connecticut Advisory Council on Vocational and Career Education, education organizations, parent organizations, student organizations, business and industry, organized labor and appropriate state agencies. Notwithstanding any requirement for submission of a plan for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1984, pursuant to section 10-96a of the general statutes, revision of 1958, revised to January 1, 1983, the State Board of Education shall not be required to submit the master plan for vocational and career education but shall submit, pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, the comprehensive plan for elementary and secondary, vocational, career and adult education to the Governor and the joint standing committee of the General Assembly having cognizance of matters relating to education on or before September 1, 1996, and every five years thereafter provided, the master plan currently in effect shall remain in effect until the comprehensive plan is submitted. The State Board of Education shall be responsible for annually updating the progress in implementing the goals and objectives of the comprehensive plan and shall report on such progress to the Governor and to said standing committee annually. The State Board of Education shall provide opportunity for public comment prior to its adoption of a plan.
(1949 Rev., S. 1335; September, 1957, P.A. 11, S. 13; February, 1965, P.A. 330, S. 10; 1969, P.A. 690, S. 3; 1971, P.A. 665, S. 1; P.A. 77-27, S. 1, 2; P.A. 78-218, S. 4, 5; 78-282, S. 1, 3; P.A. 81-74, S. 1, 3; P.A. 82-314, S. 44, 63; P.A. 84-241, S. 1, 5; P.A. 91-30, S. 1, 4; P.A. 92-170, S. 5, 26; P.A. 03-174, S. 12; P.A. 04-215, S. 6; P.A. 11-136, S. 8; P.A. 15-227, S. 9; P.A. 17-42, S. 2; 17-237, S. 19; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 17-2, S. 80; P.A. 18-34, S. 6.)
History: 1965 act specified that board's area of control is elementary and secondary education, replacing broad reference to control of educational interests; 1969 act reinstated reference to educational interest and included special mention of preschool, special, vocational and adult education, deleted detailed provisions concerning regulation of textbooks, registers, forms of returns required from board of education and teachers' meetings and replaced them with more general provisions; 1971 act divided section into subsections and added provision for report to general assembly's education committee on assessment of public schools; P.A. 77-27 deleted requirement for report to education committee by February 15, 1972, in Subsec. (b) and added similar provisions concerning assessment of education and schools in Subsec. (a) with requirement for report to education committee; P.A. 78-218 specified that report in Subsec. (a) be made annually; P.A. 78-282 replaced former provisions in Subsec. (c) for recommendations and reports re policies and programs with provisions for five-year comprehensive plan for elementary and secondary education; P.A. 81-74 amended Subsec. (a) to include instructional technology as an educational interest which the state should provide leadership for and otherwise promote for use in local school districts; P.A. 82-314 changed official name of education committee; P.A. 84-241 amended Subsec. (c) creating a five-year comprehensive plan for elementary, secondary, vocational, career and adult education, the plan to be prepared with the assistance of an advisory committee to be established by the state board, exempted the state board from filing the master plan for vocational and career education during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1984, providing that said plan currently in effect will remain in effect until the comprehensive plan is adopted; P.A. 91-30 in Subsec. (a) changed the terminology from “instructional” to “educational” technology and added reference to telecommunications; P.A. 92-170 amended Subsecs. (a) and (c) to specify that the report and plan be submitted pursuant to Subsec. (b) and changed the date for submission of comprehensive plan in Subsec. (c) from February 15, 1986, to September 1, 1996; P.A. 03-174 amended Subsec. (b) to delete reference to Sec. 4-60 and provision requiring submission of detailed statement of activities of the board, effective June 26, 2003; P.A. 04-215 added Subsec. (d) re summaries of reports, effective July 1, 2004; P.A. 11-136 amended Subsec. (d) by replacing “2004” with “2012”, replacing “annually” with “biennially” and replacing “subdivision (4)” with “subdivisions (4) and (5)”, effective July 1, 2011; P.A. 15-227 deleted former Subsec. (d) re summaries of reports, effective July 1, 2015; P.A. 17-42 amended Subsec. (a) by adding provision re state-wide subject matter content standards, effective July 1, 2017; P.A. 17-237 amended Subsec. (a) by adding provision re inventory account, effective July 1, 2017; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 17-2 amended Subsec. (a) by adding “of all property owned and in the custody of the Department of Education” re inventory account, effective October 31, 2017; P.A. 18-34 amended Subsec. (c) by designating existing provision re information comprehensive plan shall include as Subdivs. (1) to (3) and amended same by adding provision re inclusion of policy statement that demographics of educators in public schools should reflect racial and ethnic diversity of total population of state in Subdiv. (1), and making technical changes, effective July 1, 2018.
Cited. 147 C. 374; 152 C. 151; 179 C. 694; 198 C. 445; 210 C. 286; 226 C. 704; 228 C. 699.
Cited. 29 CS 397; 39 CS 443.
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Sec. 10-4a. Educational interests of state identified. For purposes of sections 10-4, 10-4b and 10-220, the educational interests of the state shall include, but not be limited to, the concern of the state that (1) each child shall have for the period prescribed in the general statutes equal opportunity to receive a suitable program of educational experiences; (2) each school district shall finance at a reasonable level at least equal to the minimum budget requirement pursuant to the provisions of section 10-262j an educational program designed to achieve this end; (3) in order to reduce racial, ethnic and economic isolation, each school district shall provide educational opportunities for its students to interact with students and teachers from other racial, ethnic, and economic backgrounds and may provide such opportunities with students from other communities; and (4) the mandates in the general statutes pertaining to education within the jurisdiction of the State Board of Education be implemented.
(1969, P.A. 690, S. 1; P.A. 79-128, S. 10, 36; P.A. 89-124, S. 7, 13; P.A. 97-290, S. 1, 29; P.A. 12-120, S. 14; P.A. 15-99, S. 4.)
History: P.A. 79-128 required financing of educational program “at least equal to the minimum expenditure requirement pursuant to the provisions of section 10-262e”; P.A. 89-124 substituted a reference to Sec. 10-262j for a reference to Sec. 10-262e which was repealed by Sec. 12 of the act; P.A. 97-290 added new Subdiv. (3) re reduction in racial, ethnic and economic isolation, redesignated former Subdiv. (3) as Subdiv. (4) and made technical changes, effective July 1, 1997; P.A. 12-120 amended Subdiv. (2) by replacing “expenditure” with “budget” and replacing “10-262j” with “10-262i”, effective June 15, 2012; P.A. 15-99 amended Subdiv. (2) by replacing “10-262i” with “10-262j”, effective July 1, 2015.
State's interest in educational equality recognized; present system of school financing, relying principally on local property taxes, violates this principle and is unconstitutional. 172 C. 615. Cited. 179 C. 694; 187 C. 187; 195 C. 24; 226 C. 704; 228 C. 699; 238 C. 1.
Cited. 44 CA 179.
Cited. 29 CS 397; 36 CS 293.
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Sec. 10-4b. Complaint alleging failure or inability of board of education to implement educational interests of state. Investigation; inquiry; hearing. Remedial process. Regulations. (a) Any resident of a local or regional school district, or parent or guardian of a student enrolled in the public schools of such school district who has been unable to resolve a complaint with the board of education of such local or regional school district may file with the State Board of Education a complaint in writing, or the state board may initiate a complaint, alleging the failure or inability of the board of education of such local or regional school district to implement the educational interests of the state in accordance with section 10-4a. If the state board, or its designee, finds such complaint to be substantial, it shall notify the local or regional board of such complaint and shall designate an agent who shall conduct a prompt investigation in accordance with procedures established by said state board and report the results of such investigation to the state board. The agent of the State Board of Education, in conducting an investigation, may summon by subpoena any records or documents related to the investigation. If the findings indicate that there is reasonable cause to believe that a local or regional board of education has failed or is unable to make reasonable provision to implement the educational interests of the state as defined in section 10-4a or that a local governmental body or its agent is responsible for such failure or inability, said state board shall conduct an inquiry. The State Board of Education shall give the board of education or a local governmental body or its agent involved the opportunity to be heard in accordance with the provisions of sections 4-176e to 4-184. Said state board may summon by subpoena any person whose testimony may be pertinent to the inquiry and any records or documents related to the provision of public education in the school district.
(b) If, after conducting an inquiry in accordance with subsection (a) of this section, the state board finds that a local or regional board of education has failed or is unable to implement the educational interests of the state in accordance with section 10-4a, the state board shall (1) require the local or regional board of education to engage in a remedial process whereby such local or regional board of education shall develop and implement a plan of action through which compliance may be attained, or (2) order the local or regional board of education to take reasonable steps where such local or regional board has failed to comply with subdivision (3) of section 10-4a. Where a local or regional board of education is required to implement a remedial process pursuant to subdivision (1) of this subsection, upon request of such local or regional board, the state board shall make available to such local or regional board materials and advice to assist in such remedial process. If the state board finds that a local governmental body or its agent is responsible for such failure or inability, the state board may order such governmental body or agent to take reasonable steps to comply with the requirements of section 10-4a. The state board may not order an increase in the budgeted appropriations for education of such local or regional board of education if such budgeted appropriations are in an amount at least equal to the minimum budget requirement in accordance with section 10-262j. If the state board finds that the state is responsible for such failure, the state board shall so notify the Governor and the General Assembly.
(c) Upon the failure of a local or regional board of education to implement a remedial process, or upon the failure of a local or regional board of education or local governmental body or its agent to comply with an order of the state board in accordance with subsection (b) of this section, said state board may seek an order from the Superior Court to compel such board of education to implement a remedial process or to compel a local or regional board of education or local governmental body or its agent to carry out the order of the State Board of Education.
(d) The state board shall pursuant to the provisions of chapter 54 adopt regulations concerning procedures for purposes of this section.
(1969, P.A. 690, S. 5; P.A. 78-218, S. 6; P.A. 79-128, S. 14, 36; P.A. 81-432, S. 7, 11; P.A. 82-301, S. 2, 5; P.A. 86-71, S. 3, 11; P.A. 88-317, S. 53, 107; P.A. 89-124, S. 8, 13; P.A. 92-262, S. 2, 42; P.A. 96-244, S. 1, 63; P.A. 08-153, S. 1; P.A. 13-247, S. 165; P.A. 15-99, S. 5.)
History: P.A. 78-218 substituted “any local or regional board of education” for “board of education of any school district”; P.A. 79-128 allowed complaints by residents of school district and parents and guardians of students as initiating factor in inquiry procedure made by state board and added Subsecs. (b) to (d) concerning remedial process undertaken upon order of state board; P.A. 81-432 deleted reference to Sec. 10-76p in Subsec. (b); P.A. 82-301 amended Subsec. (b) to eliminate internal reference to Sec. 10-266o, repealed by Sec. 4 of the act; P.A. 86-71 deleted the reference in Subsec. (b) to Sec. 10-266n which was repealed; P.A. 88-317 amended reference to Secs. 4-177 to 4-184 in Subsec. (a) to include new sections added to Ch. 54, effective July 1, 1989, and applicable to all agency proceedings commencing on or after that date; P.A. 89-124 in Subsec. (b) substituted references to Sec. 10-262j for references to Sec. 10-262e which was repealed by Sec. 12 of the act, deleted reference to Sec. 10-262c which was repealed by Sec. 8 of public act 88-358, substituted “regular program expenditures, as defined in section 10-262f” for “net current expenditures, as defined in section 10-261” and made technical changes; P.A. 92-262 added language granting authority to agent of the state board to subpoena records or documents related to an investigation; P.A. 96-244 amended Subsec. (b) to add Sec. 10-203 to the list of sections, effective July 1, 1996; P.A. 08-153 made a technical change in Subsec. (b), effective June 12, 2008; P.A. 13-247 amended Subsec. (b) by replacing references to regular program expenditures with references to budgeted appropriations for education, replacing “minimum expenditure requirement” with “minimum budget requirement”, deleting proviso re increase in expenditures ordered in accordance with Sec. 10-76d and making conforming changes, effective July 1, 2013; P.A. 15-99 amended Subsec. (b) by replacing “10-262i” with “10-262j”, effective July 1, 2015.
Cited. 179 C. 694; 187 C. 187; 195 C. 24; 226 C. 704, 729; 228 C. 699; 238 C. 1.
Cited. 44 CA 179.
Cited. 29 CS 397.
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Sec. 10-4c. State board to monitor state grants to local and regional boards. Section 10-4c is repealed, effective June 3, 1996.
(P.A. 78-207; P.A. 82-314, S. 45, 63; P.A. 92-170, S. 6, 26; P.A. 93-353, S. 33, 52; P.A. 96-161, S. 12, 13.)
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Sec. 10-4d. Advisory committee on educational equity. Section 10-4d is repealed.
(P.A. 80-455, S. 1–3; P.A. 87-4, S. 1, 2; P.A. 91-303, S. 17, 22; P.A. 92-143, S. 3, 4; 92-262, S. 41, 42.)
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Sec. 10-4e. Coordination and planning for educational technology. Section 10-4e is repealed, effective July 1, 2000.
(P.A. 82-266, S. 1, 2; P.A. 83-587, S. 12, 96; P.A. 84-241, S. 2, 5; P.A. 91-30, S. 2, 4; P.A. 92-146, S. 3, 5; P.A. 93-353, S. 24, 52; P.A. 94-245, S. 30, 46; P.A. 95-250, S. 1; P.A. 96-211, S. 1, 5, 6; 96-244, S. 42, 63; June 18 Sp. Sess. P.A. 97-9, S. 21, 50; P.A. 98-252, S. 53, 80; P.A. 00-187, S. 74, 75.)
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Sec. 10-4f. State Board of Education. Copyright authority. The State Board of Education shall have the authority to obtain, in the name of the Secretary of the State for the benefit of the people of the state, patents, trademarks and copyrights for inventions, discoveries and literary, artistic, musical or other products of authorship and to file and prosecute patent, trademark and copyright applications. Any net proceeds that may be derived from the assignment, grant, license or other disposal of said patents, trademarks or copyrights shall be deposited to the resources of the General Fund.
(P.A. 84-191, S. 1, 2.)
Cited. 226 C. 704.
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Sec. 10-4g. Parental and community involvement in schools; model program; school-based teams. (a) The State Board of Education shall develop and distribute to all local and regional boards of education a model program to encourage the participation of parents and the community in the local or regional educational system. The model program shall include, but not be limited to, the establishment of school-based teams with representatives of parents, students, teachers, administrators, local or regional boards of education and community groups and organizations assembled to: (1) Foster model agreements between parents and their children with the cooperation of the school, such agreements to cover goals and objectives for the student for the school year; (2) adopt agreements to foster cooperation and improve communication between such representatives regarding matters such as academic rights and responsibilities, codes of social conduct and disciplinary policies; and (3) develop agreements to encourage community residents to take an active role in improving the school and to become school volunteers. The model program developed by the state board shall provide model agreements for the use of school-based teams in the development of their own local or regional agreements.
(b) The State Board of Education shall develop a program to encourage local and regional boards of education to develop and implement plans to involve parents of students in the educational process in that district and to increase community involvement in the schools. The local programs shall include, but not be limited to, providing regular contact with all parents, including opportunities for parents to meet with their children's instructors for the purpose of reviewing the curriculum of their child's program, and developing strategies for parents to actively assist in the educational process. Such local programs shall also include the development of written materials designed to familiarize parents with their child's curriculum and to detail specific activities parents and students may undertake together to enrich the child's education experience and development. The State Board of Education shall develop such program on or before July 1, 1998, and shall immediately distribute the materials explaining the program to all local and regional boards of education.
(P.A. 84-209, S. 1, 2; P.A. 97-290, S. 6, 29.)
History: P.A. 97-290 expanded the model program to include community participation, substituted school-based teams for local or regional panels, added provisions in Subsec. (a) re agreements to improve communication and to encourage community residents to take an active role, amended Subsec. (b) to require local programs to provide regular contact with parents, to require the State Board of Education to develop the model program on or before July 1, 1998, and to delete provisions re submission of plans to the State Board of Education, and made technical changes, effective July 1, 1997.
Cited. 226 C. 704.
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Sec. 10-4h. Grant program for telecommunications projects. (a) The Department of Education, in consultation with the Commission for Educational Technology, shall establish a competitive grant program, within the limit of the bond authorization for purposes of this section, to assist (1) local and regional school districts, (2) regional educational service centers, (3) cooperative arrangements among one or more boards of education, and (4) endowed academies approved pursuant to section 10-34 that are eligible for school building project grants pursuant to chapter 173, to upgrade or install wiring, including electrical wiring, cable or other distribution systems and infrastructure improvements to support telecommunications and other information transmission equipment to be used for educational purposes, provided the department may expend up to two per cent of such bond authorization for such purposes for the Technical Education and Career System.
(b) Grant applications shall be submitted annually to the Commissioner of Education at such time and on such forms as the commissioner prescribes. In determining whether to award a grant pursuant to this section and in determining the amount of the grant, the commissioner shall consider, but such consideration shall not be limited to, the following factors: (1) The nature, description and systems design of the project; (2) the results of an assessment demonstrating the need for such a project in the community; (3) the degree of planning to use educational technology equipment and hardware, including the extent to which the school buildings will be capable of being linked to other schools, libraries, institutions of higher education and information networks and provision for the training of staff; (4) the extent to which the applicant in the development of a plan, consulted with individuals or businesses which have expertise in technology and information systems; (5) the relative wealth of the applicant; (6) the number of school districts included in the grant application; (7) the size of the school building; and (8) the grades enrolled in the school building.
(c) If the commissioner finds that any grant awarded pursuant to this section is being used for purposes which are not in conformity with the purposes of this section, the commissioner may require repayment of the grant to the state.
(d) Each grantee shall submit, at such time and in such form as the commissioner prescribes, such reports and financial statements as are required by the department.
(P.A. 86-361, S. 1, 2; P.A. 91-30, S. 3, 4; P.A. 95-272, S. 6, 29; P.A. 98-252, S. 5, 80; P.A. 00-187, S. 50, 75; P.A. 03-76, S. 2; P.A. 06-158, S. 7; June 12 Sp. Sess. P.A. 12-2, S. 52; P.A. 17-237, S. 38.)
History: P.A. 91-30 made technical changes and removed obsolete language; P.A. 95-272 amended Subsec. (a) to add requirement re consultation with committee established in Sec. 10-4e, changed reference to funds appropriated to bond authorization, added cooperative arrangements among boards of education to upgrade or install wiring, cable or other distribution system and other improvements to telecommunications and transmission equipment for educational purposes, added new Subdivs. (3) and (4) to Subsec. (b) re degree of planning and consultation by applicant in plan development, renumbered Subdiv. (3) as Subdiv. (5), deleted former Subdivs. (4) and (5) re potential for replication of project and evidence that school district or regional educational service will contribute, added new Subdivs. (6), (7) and (8) re number of school districts in grant application, size of building and grades enrolled, respectively, deleted the parts of Subsec. (c) re approval of grant awards by commissioner and contributions by regional and local boards of education and replaced financial statement of expenditures and annual project report requirements with reports and financial statements as required by the department, effective July 1, 1995; P.A. 98-252 amended Subsec. (a) to add endowed academies to the list of eligible grantees and to specify that the wiring could be electrical wiring, effective June 8, 1998; P.A. 00-187 amended Subsec. (a) to substitute consultation with the Commission for Educational Technology for consultation with a committee that was eliminated under the act, effective July 1, 2000; P.A. 03-76 made a technical change in Subsec. (a), effective June 3, 2003; P.A. 06-158 amended Subsec. (a) by permitting the use of 2% of bond authorization for the regional vocational-technical school system, effective July 1, 2006; June 12 Sp. Sess. P.A. 12-2 substituted “technical high school system” for “regional vocation-technical school system” in Subsec. (a); P.A. 17-237 amended Subsec. (a) by replacing “technical high school system” with “Technical Education and Career System”, effective July 1, 2017.
Cited. 226 C. 704.
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Secs. 10-4i to 10-4k. Transferred to Chapter 318, Secs. 17-625 to 17-627, inclusive.
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Sec. 10-4l. Advisory committee on school district reporting requirements. Section 10-4l is repealed, effective July 1, 1996.
(P.A. 91-220, S. 4, 8; P.A. 92-170, S. 1, 26; P.A. 96-244, S. 62, 63.)
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Sec. 10-4m. Commission on Educational Excellence. Section 10-4m is repealed, effective July 1, 1998.
(P.A. 92-143, S. 1, 4, P.A. 98-252, S. 79, 80; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 98-1, S. 105, 121.)
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Sec. 10-4n. Committee on Educational Equity and Excellence. Section 10-4n is repealed, effective June 12, 2008.
(P.A. 92-143, S. 2, 4; P.A. 93-353, S. 1, 52; P.A. 94-245, S. 37, 46; P.A. 08-153, S. 9.)
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Sec. 10-4o. (Formerly Sec. 17-605). Family resource center program. Guidelines for programs. Study. Grants. (a) The Department of Education, in conjunction with the Department of Social Services, shall coordinate a family resource center program to provide comprehensive child care services, remedial educational and literacy services, families-in-training programs and supportive services to parents who are recipients of temporary family assistance and other parents in need of such services. The family resource centers shall be located in or associated with public schools, and any family resource center established on or after July 1, 2000, shall be located in a public elementary school unless the Commissioner of Education waives such requirement. The commissioner shall determine the manner in which the grant recipients of such program, such as municipalities, boards of education and child care providers, shall be selected. The family resource center shall provide: (1) Quality full-day child care and school readiness programs for children age three and older who are not enrolled in school and child care for children enrolled in school up to the age of twelve for before and after regular school hours and on a full-day basis during school holidays and school vacation, in compliance with all state statutes and regulations governing child care services, as described in section 19a-77, and, in the case of the school readiness programs, in compliance with the standards set for such programs pursuant to section 10-16p; (2) support services to parents of newborn infants to ascertain their needs and provide them with referrals to other services and organizations and, if necessary, education in parenting skills; (3) support and educational services to parents whose children are participants of the child care services of the program and who are interested in obtaining a high school diploma or its equivalent. Parents and their preschool age children may attend classes in parenting and child learning skills together so as to promote the mutual pursuit of education and enhance parent-child interaction; (4) training, technical assistance and other support by the staff of the center to operators and staff of family child care homes, as described in section 19a-77, in the community and serve as an information and referral system for other child care needs in the community or coordinate with such systems as may already exist in the community; (5) a families-in-training program to provide, within available appropriations, community support services to expectant parents and parents of children under the age of three. Such services shall include, but not be limited to, providing information and advice to parents on their children's language, cognitive, social and motor development, visiting a participant's home on a regular basis, organizing group meetings at the center for neighborhood parents of young children and providing a reference center for parents who need special assistance or services. The program shall provide for the recruitment of parents to participate in such program; and (6) a sliding scale of payment, as developed in consultation with the Department of Social Services, for child care services at the center. The center shall also provide a teen pregnancy prevention program for adolescents emphasizing responsible decision-making and communication skills.
(b) The Department of Education, in consultation with representatives from family resource centers, within available appropriations, shall develop guidelines for family resource center programs. The guidelines shall include standards for program quality and design and identify short and long-term outcomes for families participating in such programs. The Department of Education, within available appropriations, shall provide a copy of such guidelines to each family resource center. Each family resource center shall use the guidelines to develop a program improvement plan for the next twelve-month period and shall submit the plan to the department. The plan shall include goals to be used for measuring such improvement. The department shall use the plan to monitor the progress of the center. Family resource centers in existence on July 1, 1997, shall be given a preference for grants for school readiness awarded by the Department of Education or the Department of Social Services and for financing pursuant to sections 10a-194c, 17b-749g and 17b-749h.
(c) The Department of Education, within available appropriations, shall provide for a longitudinal study of family resource centers every three years.
(d) The Commissioner of Education may provide grants to municipalities, boards of education and child care providers to carry out the purposes of subsection (a) of this section. Each family resource center shall have a program administrator who has at least two years of experience in child care, public administration or early childhood education and a master's degree in child development, early childhood education or a related field.
(e) The Commissioner of Education may accept and receive on behalf of the department or any family resource center, subject to section 4b-22, any bequest, devise or grant made to the department or any family resource center for the purpose of establishing a new family resource center or expanding an existing center, and may hold and use such property for the purpose specified in such bequest, devise or gift.
(P.A. 88-331, S. 1, 2; P.A. 89-55; P.A. 90-128, S. 1; P.A. 92-49; P.A. 93-262, S. 1, 87; 93-353, S. 45, 52; 93-435, S. 59, 95; P.A. 97-259, S. 21, 41; P.A. 00-220, S. 2, 43; P.A. 01-173, S. 6, 67; P.A. 03-76, S. 38; P.A. 16-163, S. 26.)
History: P.A. 89-55 required that family resource center provide a families-in-training program and added new Subsec. (a)(5) re components of such a program, renumbering former Subdiv. (5) as (6); P.A. 90-128 added Subsec. (c) authorizing the commissioner to accept grants or gifts made for the purpose of establishing or expanding a family resource center; Sec. 17-31tt transferred to Sec. 17-605 in 1991; P.A. 92-49 amended Subsec. (a) to remove the requirement that there be at least three centers and that they be located in particular areas, to provide that the centers shall be associated with public schools rather than in public schools, and to remove the requirement that only first-time parents be served by the program and amended Subsec. (b) to modify the qualifications required for a program administrator; P.A. 93-262 and P.A. 93-435 authorized substitution of department of social services for department of human resources in new language added by P.A. 93-353, effective July 1, 1993; P.A. 93-353 transferred the authority for the program from the department of human resources to the department of education, effective July 1, 1993; Sec. 17-605 transferred to Sec. 10-4o in 1995; P.A. 97-259 amended Subsec. (a) to substitute temporary family assistance for aid to families with dependent children, amended Subdiv. (1) to add school readiness programs and Subdiv. (6) to add consultation with the Department of Social Services, added new Subsecs. (b) and (c) re program guidelines and longitudinal study, and redesignated existing Subsecs. (b) and (c) as Subsecs. (d) and (e), effective July 1, 1997; P.A. 00-220 amended Subsec. (a) to add requirement for location in a public elementary school and for school readiness programs to be in compliance with the standards set pursuant to Sec. 10-16p, effective July 1, 2000; P.A. 01-173 amended Subsec. (a) to make a technical change, effective July 1, 2001; P.A. 03-76 made technical changes in Subsec. (a), effective June 3, 2003; P.A. 16-163 amended Subsec. (a) by replacing “child day care” with “child care services, as described in section 19a-77,” in Subdiv. (1), replacing “family day care providers” with “operators and staff of family child care homes, as described in section 19a-77,” in Subdiv. (4), and making a technical change, effective June 9, 2016.
See Sec. 4b-31a re plan for colocation of family resource centers and school-based health clinics.
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Sec. 10-4p. Implementation plan to achieve resource equity and equality of opportunity. Assessment. Reports. (a) The State Board of Education shall develop a five-year implementation plan with appropriate goals and strategies to achieve resource equity and equality of opportunity, increase student achievement, reduce racial, ethnic and economic isolation, improve effective instruction and encourage greater parental and community involvement in all public schools of the state. The implementation plan shall: (1) Include methods for significantly reducing over a five-year period any disparities among school districts in terms of resources, staff, programs and curriculum, student achievement and community involvement that negatively impact student learning, (2) provide for monitoring by the Department of Education of the progress made in reducing such disparities, and (3) include proposals for minority staff recruitment, including but not limited to, alternative certification, mentoring programs, involvement of the community-technical colleges and efforts by regional educational service centers.
(b) Prior to developing the plan, the State Board of Education shall conduct a state-wide assessment of the disparities among local and regional school districts and make comparisons to relevant national standards or regional accreditation standards, in the areas of: (1) Resources, including educational materials, supplies, equipment, textbooks, library materials, facilities and expenditures by category and in total; (2) staff, including the education and experience of teachers, staff-student ratios, the racial and ethnic characteristics of staff, minority staff recruitment and a comparison of the racial diversity of school staffs to the racial diversity of the region where the school is located; (3) program and curriculum, including course offerings, requirements, enrollments in advanced, special and compensatory education, programs and services to students with limited English proficiency and an analysis of such programs and services in terms of the recommendations of the bilingual education task force, policies on student assignment and promotion, extracurricular activities and student participation, goals and objectives and content and performance standards, opportunities for summer school, school-to-career transition, alternative education, as defined in section 10-74j, alternative educational opportunities, and parent-student choice of school or program; (4) student achievement, including the effect of social promotional policies on student achievement, state and national assessments, dropout rates, attendance, graduation follow-up data, artistic, athletic and community service accomplishments, other documentation of student success, and success in reducing the racial, ethnic and economic isolation of students; and (5) community involvement, including parent and family contact with the school and teachers, business partnerships, joint programs with community agencies, town-wide preschool coordination, opportunities for adult basic education and parenting education.
(c) (1) The State Board of Education shall report, in accordance with section 11-4a, on the plan developed pursuant to this section to the Governor and the joint standing committee of the General Assembly having cognizance of matters relating to education by February 1, 1998. The report shall: (A) Include the results of the assessment conducted pursuant to subdivisions (1) and (2) of subsection (b) of this section, (B) include recommendations for changes in state law, budget proposals and administrative actions, where appropriate, that would assist in reducing the disparities among school districts and increasing the accountability of school districts, and (C) identify the responsibility of individual boards of education to achieve the goals as specified in subsection (a) of this section in their school districts. (2) On or before January 1, 1999, the State Board of Education shall so report, to the Governor and said committee on (A) the assessment conducted pursuant to subdivisions (3) to (5), inclusive, of subsection (b) of this section, (B) include recommendations described in subparagraph (B) of subdivision (1) of this subsection and (C) identify the responsibility of individual boards of education to take specific action to improve conditions in their school districts. (3) On or before January 1, 2001, and biennially thereafter, the State Board of Education shall so report to the Governor and said committee on the progress made in reducing the disparities among school districts and the remaining barriers to and recommendations for achieving the goals specified in subsection (a) of this section.
(P.A. 97-290, S. 4, 29; P.A. 15-133, S. 6.)
History: P.A. 97-290 effective July 1, 1997; P.A. 15-133 amended Subsec. (b)(3) by replacing “alternative programs” with “alternative education, as defined in section 10-74j, alternative educational opportunities”, effective July 1, 2015.
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Sec. 10-4q. Grants to alliance districts for curricula, training and related textbooks and materials. The Commissioner of Education, with the assistance of the State Education Resource Center, established pursuant to section 10-357a, may provide grants to local and regional boards of education for school districts designated as alliance districts, pursuant to section 10-262u. Such grants shall be for the creation and acquisition of new curricula, training in the use of such curricula and related supporting textbooks and other materials. Such local and regional boards of education may use such grants only for curricula, training and related textbooks and materials that have been authorized by the commissioner. Such local and regional boards of education shall apply for grants pursuant to this section at such time and in such manner as the commissioner prescribes, and the commissioner shall determine the amount of the grant awards.
(P.A. 05-245, S. 24; P.A. 11-85, S. 9; P.A. 12-116, S. 44; P.A. 13-286, S. 2; P.A. 14-212, S. 9.)
History: P.A. 05-245 effective July 1, 2005; P.A. 11-85 amended Subsec. (c) by designating existing language as Subpara. (A) and adding Subpara. (B) re professional development activities for teachers in Subdiv. (2), redesignating existing Subdiv. (4) as Subdiv. (6), and adding new Subdiv. (4) re strategies for students who are in danger of failing and Subdiv. (5) re culturally relevant methods for educating students whose primary language is not English, effective July 1, 2011; P.A. 12-116 amended Subsec. (a) by replacing “continuing education” with “professional development”, effective July 1, 2012; P.A. 13-286 amended Subsec. (a) by adding Subdivs. (1) and (2) re center subject to competitive bidding requirements and audits and adding provisions re center considered a public agency for purposes of Ch. 14 and considered a state agency for purposes of Ch. 55a, effective July 12, 2013; P.A. 14-212 deleted former Subsecs. (a) re State Education Resource Center and (c) re Connecticut School Reform Resource Center, deleted Subsec. (b) designator, added reference to Sec. 10-357a, replaced reference to school districts identified as in need of improvement with reference to school districts designated as alliance districts and made technical and conforming changes, effective June 13, 2014 (Revisor's note: A reference to “this subsection” was changed editorially by the Revisors to “this section” for accuracy).
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Sec. 10-4r. Recommendations re definition of attendance region for Technical Education and Career System. Section 10-4r is repealed, effective July 1, 2022.
(P.A. 10-76, S. 9; P.A. 12-116, S. 76; P.A. 17-237, S. 39; P.A. 22-118, S. 514.)
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Sec. 10-4s. Reports and evaluations re school governance councils and reconstituted schools. (a) On or before December 1, 2011, and biennially thereafter, the Department of Education shall report, in accordance with the provisions of section 11-4a, to the joint standing committee of the General Assembly having cognizance of matters relating to education on the number of school governance councils established pursuant to section 10-223j.
(b) On or before December 1, 2013, and biennially thereafter, the department shall include in the report described in subsection (a) of this section an evaluation of the establishment and effectiveness of the school governance councils established pursuant to section 10-223j.
(c) On or before December 1, 2015, and biennially thereafter, the department shall include in the report described in subsection (a) of this section: (1) The number of school governance councils that have recommended reconstitution pursuant to section 10-223j; (2) the number of such school governance councils that have initiated reconstitution pursuant to section 10-223j, and the reconstitution models adopted; and (3) recommendations whether to continue to allow school governance councils to recommend reconstitution pursuant to section 10-223j.
(d) On or before December 1, 2017, and biennially thereafter, the department shall include in the report described in subsection (a) of this section an evaluation of those schools that have reconstituted pursuant to section 10-223j. Such evaluation shall determine whether such schools have demonstrated progress with regard to the following indicators: (1) The reconstitution model adopted by the school; (2) the length of the school day and school year; (3) the number and type of disciplinary incidents; (4) the number of truants; (5) the dropout rate; (6) the student attendance rate; (7) the average scale scores on the state-wide mastery examination pursuant to section 10-14n; (8) for high schools, the number and percentage of students completing advanced placement coursework; (9) the teacher attendance rate; and (10) the existence and size of the parent-teacher organization for the school.
(P.A. 10-111, S. 22; P.A. 11-135, S. 6; P.A. 12-116, S. 25.)
History: P.A. 10-111 effective July 1, 2010; P.A. 11-135 amended Subsec. (a) by replacing former provisions with language re report on the number of school governance councils established, amended Subsec. (b) by replacing former provisions with language re evaluation of establishment and effectiveness of school governance councils, amended Subsec. (c) by replacing former provisions with language re reconstitution recommended and initiated by school governance councils and added Subsec. (d) re evaluation of reconstituted schools, effective July 8, 2011; P.A. 12-116 replaced references to Sec. 10-223e(g) with references to Sec. 10-223j, effective July 1, 2012.
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Sec. 10-4t. Reports and evaluations re school governance councils. Section 10-4t is repealed, effective July 8, 2011.
(P.A. 10-111, S. 23; P.A. 11-28, S. 2; 11-135, S. 11.)
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Sec. 10-4u. Parent Trust Fund. There is established a Parent Trust Fund, the resources of which shall be used by the Commissioner of Education to fund programs aimed at improving the health, safety and education of children by training parents in civic leadership skills and supporting increased, sustained, quality parental engagement in community affairs. The commissioner may accept on behalf of the fund any federal funds or private grants or gifts made for purposes of this section. The fund may receive state funds. The commissioner shall use such funds to make grants to programs for purposes described in this section.
(P.A. 10-111, S. 26.)
History: P.A. 10-111 effective May 26, 2010.
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Sec. 10-4v. Innovation waivers. Procedural requirements. Legislative review. (a) Not later than September 15, 2015, the Commissioner of Education shall develop a process to invite innovation waiver requests from local and regional boards of education for waivers of the provisions of this title over which the State Board of Education has jurisdiction, or any regulation adopted by the state board, except a local or regional board of education shall not request or be granted a waiver of the provisions of part I of chapter 166, chapters 169 and 172, sections 10-14n to 10-14w, inclusive, 10-15, 10-16, 10-16b, 10-76d, 10-186, 10-221a, 10-223e, 10-226a to 10-226h, inclusive, and 10-233c or any requirement of federal law. Any such innovation waiver request shall be made in a manner and form prescribed by the commissioner and shall demonstrate (1) how the granting of an innovation waiver would stimulate innovation or improve administration of school district operations or student academic performance, (2) that the local or regional board of education can address the intent of the statute or regulation for which an innovation waiver is being sought in a more effective, efficient or economical manner, and (3) how the granting of an innovation waiver would ensure the protection of sound educational practices, the health and safety of students and school personnel, and equal opportunities for learning.
(b) The commissioner shall review each innovation waiver request and may recommend approval of up to ten innovation waivers. The commissioner shall submit to the State Board of Education a report that includes the innovation waiver requests for which the commissioner is recommending approval and the goals or benchmarks of success for such requests to the State Board of Education.
(c) (1) The State Board of Education shall review the report submitted by the commissioner pursuant to subsection (b) of this section and make a written recommendation for approval or rejection of each innovation waiver request. Such written recommendation shall include an explanation of the reasons why the state board is suggesting approval or rejection of such innovation waiver request. In considering whether to approve or reject an innovation waiver request under this subsection, the state board may (A) recommend approval of such request if the state board determines that such request sufficiently demonstrates (i) how the granting of an innovation waiver would stimulate innovation or improve administration of school district operations or student academic performance, and (ii) that the local or regional board of education submitting such request can address the intent of the statute or regulation for which an innovation waiver is being sought in a more effective, efficient or economical manner, or (B) recommend rejection of an innovation waiver request if such request is not based on sound educational practices, endangers the health or safety of students or school personnel, or compromises equal opportunities for learning.
(2) The state board shall compile its recommendations for approval of innovation waiver requests into a report and, not later than March fifteenth of each school year, submit such report to the General Assembly, in accordance with the provisions of section 11-4a.
(3) The state board shall compile its recommendations for rejection of innovation waiver requests into a report and, not later than March fifteenth of each school year, submit such report to the General Assembly, in accordance with the provisions of section 11-4a.
(d) Not later than thirty days following receipt of the report submitted by the State Board of Education, pursuant to subdivision (2) of subsection (c) of this section, the General Assembly may, by joint resolution, disapprove any recommendations of the state board for approval of an innovation waiver request. If the General Assembly fails to disapprove such recommendations, in whole or in part, within such thirty-day period, such recommendations shall be deemed approved and the innovation waiver request shall be deemed granted.
(e) The commissioner shall notify the local or regional board of education whether a submitted innovation waiver request was granted or rejected. If an innovation waiver is granted, the commissioner shall prescribe the period of time that such innovation waiver shall be valid, provided such term is not more than two school years.
(f) A local or regional board of education may seek an innovation waiver renewal in the manner and form prescribed by the commissioner. Any innovation waiver renewal request shall include how the implementation of the original innovation waiver has been successful in achieving the goals or benchmarks established by the commissioner pursuant to subsection (b) of this section. An innovation waiver renewal may be granted in accordance with the provisions of subsections (c) and (d) of this section and, if granted, shall be valid for up to two school years. A local or regional board of education shall not be granted an innovation waiver renewal more than one time.
(g) The commissioner may revoke an innovation waiver or an innovation waiver renewal if the commissioner finds that the implementation of such innovation waiver or innovation waiver renewal is not a sound educational practice, endangers health or safety of students or school personnel, or compromises equal opportunities for learning.
(h) In recommending approval of innovation requests and innovation waiver renewal requests under this section, the commissioner and state board shall ensure that not more than twenty innovation waivers or innovation waiver renewals are in effect at any one time.
(i) Any local or regional board of education granted an innovation waiver or innovation waiver renewal under this section shall (1) submit to the State Board of Education (A) annual progress reports relating to the implementation of the innovation waiver or innovation waiver renewal, and (B) a final report relating to the results of such innovation waiver or innovation waiver renewal, including whether such innovation waiver or innovation waiver renewal has achieved the goals or benchmarks established by the commissioner, at the conclusion of the innovation waiver or the innovation waiver renewal, (2) make such results available on the Internet web site of such local or regional board, (3) share, upon request, such results with other local or regional boards of education, and (4) if such innovation waiver or innovation waiver renewal is successful, provide instruction and training, upon request, to other local and regional boards of education regarding the implementation of such innovation waiver or innovation waiver renewal.
(j) Not later than March 15, 2018, and annually thereafter, the commissioner shall submit a report, in accordance with the provisions of section 11-4a, to the General Assembly containing any recommendations for legislation and a description of the process developed pursuant to subsection (a) of this section.
(June Sp. Sess. P.A. 15-5, S. 301; P.A. 16-163, S. 21.)
History: June Sp. Sess. P.A. 15-5 effective July 1, 2015; P.A. 16-163 amended Subsec. (a) by deleting reference to Sec. 10-281, effective June 9, 2016.
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Sec. 10-4w. Standards re remote learning. Authorization of remote learning. (a) As used in this section:
(1) “Remote learning” means instruction by means of one or more Internet-based software platforms as part of a remote learning model; and
(2) “Dual instruction” means the simultaneous instruction by a teacher to students in-person in the classroom and students engaged in remote learning.
(b) Not later than January 1, 2022, the Commissioner of Education shall develop, and update as necessary, standards for remote learning.
(c) For the school years commencing July 1, 2022, and July 1, 2023, a local or regional board of education may authorize remote learning to students in grades nine to twelve, inclusive, provided such board (1) provides such instruction in compliance with the standards developed pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, (2) adopts a policy regarding the requirements for student attendance during remote learning, which shall (A) be in compliance with the Department of Education's guidance on student attendance during remote learning, and (B) count the attendance of any student who spends not less than one-half of the school day during such instruction engaged in (i) virtual classes, (ii) virtual meetings, (iii) activities on time-logged electronic systems, and (iv) the completion and submission of assignments, and (3) prohibits the provision of dual instruction as part of remote learning.
(d) For the school year commencing July 1, 2024, and each school year thereafter, a local or regional board of education may authorize remote learning to students in grades kindergarten to twelve, inclusive, provided such board (1) provides such instruction in compliance with the standards developed pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, (2) adopts a policy regarding the requirements for student attendance during remote learning, which shall (A) be in compliance with the Department of Education's guidance on student attendance during remote learning, and (B) count the attendance of any student who spends not less than one-half of the school day during such instruction engaged in (i) virtual classes, (ii) virtual meetings, (iii) activities on time-logged electronic systems, and (iv) the completion and submission of assignments, and (3) prohibits the provision of dual instruction as part of remote learning.
(P.A. 21-46, S. 16; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 21-2, S. 391; P.A. 22-80, S. 25.)
History: P.A. 21-46 effective June 16, 2021; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 21-2 redefined in Subsec. (a) “virtual learning” as “remote learning” and replaced “an in-person or” with “a” in the definition, and replaced references to “virtual learning” with “remote learning” throughout, effective July 1, 2021; P.A. 22-80 amended Subsec. (a) by designating existing definition of “remote learning” as Subdiv. (1) and adding Subdiv. (2) re definition of “dual instruction”, amended Subsec. (b) by deleting provision re standards not deemed regulations, amended Subsec. (c) by making provisions applicable to school years commencing July 1, 2022, and July 1, 2023, and adding Subdiv. (3) re prohibition of dual instruction, added Subsec. (d) re authorization of remote learning for grades kindergarten to 12, and made technical and conforming changes throughout, effective July 1, 2022.
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Sec. 10-5. State high school diploma; “honors diploma”; Connecticut State Seal of Biliteracy. Payment of fees; exceptions. (a) The Commissioner of Education shall, in accordance with this section, issue a state high school diploma to any person (1) who successfully completes an examination approved by the commissioner, or (2) who (A) is eighteen years of age or older and has been officially withdrawn from school in accordance with the provisions of section 10-184, and (B) presents to the commissioner evidence demonstrating educational qualifications which the commissioner deems equivalent to those required for graduation from a public high school. Application for such a diploma shall be made in the manner and form prescribed by the commissioner provided, at the time of application to take the examination described in subdivision (1) of this subsection, the applicant has been officially withdrawn from school, in accordance with section 10-184, for at least six months and has been advised, in such manner as may be prescribed by the commissioner, of the other options for high school completion and other available educational programs. For good cause shown, the commissioner may allow a person who is seventeen years of age to apply to take the examination.
(b) Application to take or retake the examination described in subdivision (1) of subsection (a) of this section shall be accompanied by a money order or certified check in the nonrefundable amount of thirteen dollars. This amount shall include the fee for the state high school diploma.
(c) No (1) veteran, as defined in section 27-103, (2) member of the armed forces, as defined in section 27-103, or (3) person under twenty-one years of age shall be required to pay the fees described in subsection (b) of this section. The commissioner may waive any fee described in subsection (b) of this section upon the submission of evidence indicating an inability to pay.
(d) The Commissioner of Education shall keep a correct account of all money received under the provisions of this section and shall deposit with the State Treasurer all such money received by said commissioner. Funds paid to a local or regional board of education under this section shall be deposited in the school activity fund established under section 10-237 and expended to defray the costs of such testing and related administration and information.
(e) The commissioner shall establish criteria by which an “honors diploma” may be issued for exemplary performance on the examination.
(f) Not later than September 1, 2017, the State Board of Education shall establish criteria by which a local or regional board of education may affix the Connecticut State Seal of Biliteracy on a diploma awarded to a student who has achieved a high level of proficiency in English and one or more foreign languages. For purposes of this subsection, “foreign language” means a world language other than English and includes American Sign Language and any other language spoken by a federally recognized Native American tribe.
(1949 Rev., S. 1336; 1951, S. 880d; 1957, P.A. 163, S. 17; February, 1965, P.A. 330, S. 11; P.A. 73-79; P.A. 77-614, S. 302, 587, 610; P.A. 78-218, S. 7; 78-303, S. 85, 136; P.A. 83-146, S. 1, 2; P.A. 84-325, S. 6; P.A. 86-333, S. 1, 32; P.A. 89-251, S. 65, 203; P.A. 91-295, S. 1, 7; P.A. 95-259, S. 2, 32; P.A. 00-157, S. 2, 8; P.A. 12-120, S. 7; P.A. 13-31, S. 4; P.A. 17-29, S. 1; P.A. 18-47, S. 6; P.A. 21-79, S. 7; 21-199, S. 11.)
History: 1965 act substituted “state high school diploma” for “qualifying academic certificate” and deleted definition of certificate; P.A. 73-79 allowed payment of testing fee to local boards of education providing testing services as well as to state board and required that fees paid to local boards be deposited in school activity fund to cover testing costs; P.A. 77-614 and P.A. 78-303 substituted commissioner of education for secretary of state board of education, effective January 1, 1979; P.A. 78-218 allowed payment of testing fees to regional boards of education; P.A. 83-146 increased fee for examination from $3 to $10, required payment of all fees to be by money order or certified check unless made in person for subsequent examinations, and exempted persons under age 21 from paying fees required under the section; P.A. 84-325 stipulated that any sums paid under the provisions of the section were nonrefundable, added provision permitting commissioner to waive payment of any fee and established criteria for the earning of an “honors diploma”; P.A. 86-333 deleted the provision that the examination be in one or more subjects; P.A. 89-251 increased fee for a state high school diploma from $2 to $3, increased fee for a first examination from $10 to $13 and increased fee for subsequent examinations from $2 to $3; P.A. 91-295 added provision requiring that person be at least 17 years of age and withdrawn from school for at least six months, and that applicant be advised of options and available programs and provision re use of funds to defray the costs of related administration and information; P.A. 95-259 rewrote the section, added the provision for 16-year-olds to apply to take the examination and changed the provision concerning an honors diploma, effective July 1, 1995; P.A. 00-157 amended Subsec. (a) to only allow 16 or 17-year-olds to receive the diploma if they have officially withdrawn from school, effective July 1, 2001; P.A. 12-120 amended Subsec. (a)(2)(A) by deleting “sixteen or”, effective June 15, 2012; P.A. 13-31 made technical changes in Subsec. (a), effective May 28, 2013; P.A. 17-29 added new Subsec. (f) re Connecticut State Seal of Biliteracy, effective July 1, 2017; P.A. 18-47 amended Subsec. (c) to add Subdivs. (1) to (4) designators, add provision re person with qualifying condition and discharge other than bad conduct or dishonorable in Subdiv. (3), and make a technical change; P.A. 21-79 amended Subsec. (c) to add reference to Sec. 27-103 in Subdiv. (1), delete former Subdiv. (3) re person with qualifying condition, redesignate existing Subdiv. (4) as Subdiv. (3), and make a technical change; P.A. 21-199 amended Subsec. (a) by replacing “seventeen years of age” with “eighteen years of age or older”, deleting “or is eighteen years of age or older,” in Subdiv. (2)(A), deleting “is seventeen years of age or older,”, replacing “sixteen” with “seventeen”, and deleting provision re commissioner not to issue state high school diploma to person until such person has attained seventeen years of age, effective July 1, 2021.
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Sec. 10-5a. Educational technology and high school graduation requirements. The Department of Education shall, within available appropriations, assist and encourage local and regional boards of education to use and integrate educational technology in the courses required for high school graduation pursuant to section 10-221a in order to promote proficiency in the use of educational technology by each student who graduates from high school.
(P.A. 96-244, S. 51, 63; P.A. 03-76, S. 3.)
History: P.A. 96-244, S. 51 effective June 6, 1996; P.A. 03-76 made a technical change, effective June 3, 2003.
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Sec. 10-5b. Department of Education web site. Notwithstanding any provision of the general statutes, the Department of Education may develop and maintain a web site without the aid of the Department of Administrative Services.
(P.A. 06-192, S. 7; P.A. 11-51, S. 76.)
History: P.A. 06-192 effective June 7, 2006; pursuant to P.A. 11-51, “Department of Information Technology” was changed editorially by the Revisors to “Department of Administrative Services”, effective July 1, 2011.
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Sec. 10-5c. Academic advancement program. Section 10-5c is repealed, effective July 1, 2021.
(P.A. 10-111, S. 17; P.A. 13-247, S. 188; P.A. 15-215, S. 7; P.A. 21-144, S. 12.)
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Sec. 10-5d. Technical assistance for implementation of high school graduation requirements. Report. (a) For the fiscal years ending June 30, 2012, and June 30, 2013, inclusive, the Department of Education shall, within available appropriations, provide technical assistance to any local or regional board of education that begins implementation of the provisions of subsections (c) and (d) of section 10-221a.
(b) On or before November 1, 2013, and biennially thereafter, each local or regional board of education receiving technical assistance from the department pursuant to subsection (a) of this section shall report to the department on the status of the school district's implementation of the provisions of subsections (c) and (d) of section 10-221a.
(c) On or before February 1, 2014, and biennially thereafter, the department shall report, in accordance with the provisions of section 11-4a, to the joint standing committee of the General Assembly having cognizance of matters relating to education on the status of implementation of the provisions of subsections (c) and (d) of section 10-221a by local and regional boards of education in the state. Such report shall include, (1) an explanation of any existing state and federal funds currently available to assist in such implementation, (2) recommendations regarding the appropriation of additional state funds to support local and regional boards of education in the implementation of subsections (c) and (d) of said section 10-221a, and (3) recommendations for any statutory changes that would facilitate implementation of subsections (c) and (d) of said section 10-221a by local and regional boards of education.
(P.A. 10-111, S. 18; P.A. 11-135, S. 3.)
History: P.A. 10-111 effective July 1, 2010; P.A. 11-135 amended Subsec. (a) by replacing “June 30, 2013, to June 30, 2018” with “June 30, 2012, and June 30, 2013”, deleting references to grants, adding language re technical assistance and making conforming changes, amended Subsec. (b) by replacing “2012” with “2013”, replacing “seeking grant” with “receiving technical” and deleting provision re explanation why funds are necessary for next biennium, and amended Subsec. (c) by replacing “2013” with “2014”, effective July 8, 2011.
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Sec. 10-5e. Development or approval of end of the school year examinations. Section 10-5e is repealed, effective July 1, 2017.
(P.A. 10-111, S. 19; P.A. 11-135, S. 4; P.A. 17-42, S. 3.)
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Secs. 10-6 and 10-7. Transferred to Chapter 185, Part III, Secs. 10a-34 and 10a-35, respectively.
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Secs. 10-7a to 10-7d. Transferred to Chapter 185, Part I, Secs. 10a-22a to 10a-22d, inclusive.
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Sec. 10-7e. Occupational schools in existence on October 1, 1979. Section 10-7e is repealed.
(P.A. 79-380, S. 5; P.A. 83-501, S. 11, 12.)
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Secs. 10-7f to 10-7l. Transferred to Chapter 185, Part I, Secs. 10a-22e to 10a-22k, inclusive.
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Secs. 10-7m to 10-7q. Reserved for future use.
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Secs. 10-7r to 10-7u. Transferred to Chapter 185, Part I, Secs. 10a-22q to 10a-22t, inclusive.
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Sec. 10-7v. Digital Citizenship, Internet Safety and Media Literacy Advisory Council. There is established a Digital Citizenship, Internet Safety and Media Literacy Advisory Council within the Department of Education. The council shall consist of teachers, librarians, representatives from parent-teacher organizations and persons with expertise in digital citizenship, Internet safety and media literacy, as appointed by the Commissioner of Education. The council shall provide recommendations to the State Board of Education regarding (1) best practices relating to instruction in digital citizenship, Internet safety and media literacy, and (2) methods of instructing students to safely, ethically, responsibly and effectively use media and technology resources. Notwithstanding the provisions of section 2-15, no member of the council shall receive mileage reimbursement or a transportation allowance for traveling to a meeting of the council.
(P.A. 17-67, S. 1.)
History: P.A. 17-67 effective July 1, 2017.
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Sec. 10-8. Licensing of private schools for trade instruction and special occupational training. Section 10-8 is repealed.
(1949 Rev., S. 1343; February, 1965, P.A. 475, S. 1; P.A. 79-380, S. 16.)
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Sec. 10-8a. Adoption of regulations to exempt educational institutions from licensing requirements by Department of Children and Families. The State Board of Education shall adopt regulations in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54 in order to determine which educational institutions shall be exempt from the requirements of sections 17a-146 and 17a-152.
(P.A. 78-108, S. 3, 4.)
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Sec. 10-8b. Teacher shortages. (a) The Commissioner of Education shall annually, by December first, determine subject and geographic areas in which a teacher shortage exists and shall certify such shortages to the Connecticut Housing Finance Authority for purposes of section 8-265pp. In determining teacher shortages, the commissioner shall consider the following: (1) The number of teacher vacancies in a particular subject or geographic area; (2) the number of new certificates in such areas issued by the Department of Education during the preceding year; and (3) the number and types of classes being taught by persons whose training is not specific to the field in which they are teaching.
(b) The Department of Education shall annually, by March first, electronically distribute to the president of every institution of higher education in this state offering a teacher preparatory program information concerning teacher shortage areas, determined pursuant to subsection (a) of this section, for at least the prior five years.
(P.A. 00-187, S. 25, 75; P.A. 11-133, S. 1.)
History: P.A. 00-187 effective July 1, 2000; P.A. 11-133 designated existing provisions as Subsec. (a) and added Subsec. (b) requiring Department of Education to electronically distribute, on an annual basis, information re teacher shortage areas to every institution of higher education in the state offering a teacher preparatory program, effective July 1, 2011.
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Sec. 10-8c. Accelerated cross endorsement. Former teacher certification. The Department of Education, in cooperation with the Office of Higher Education, shall, within available appropriations, (1) establish an accelerated cross endorsement process for each subject shortage area pursuant to section 10-8b to allow certified teachers to add a new endorsement to their certificates, and (2) establish a program for formerly certified teachers to regain certification.
(June Sp. Sess. P.A. 01-1, S. 7, 54; P.A. 11-48, S. 285; P.A. 13-240, S. 5.)
History: June Sp. Sess. P.A. 01-1 effective July 1, 2001; pursuant to P.A. 11-48, “Department of Higher Education” was changed editorially by the Revisors to “Board of Regents for Higher Education”, effective July 1, 2011; P.A. 13-240 replaced “Board of Regents for Higher Education” with “Office of Higher Education”, effective July 1, 2013.
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Sec. 10-9. Bequests for educational purposes. (a) The State Treasurer may receive in the name of the state any money or property given or bequeathed to the state, to the Board of Regents for Higher Education or to any of the constituent units for educational purposes, and may expend the same or any income therefrom according to the terms of the gift or bequest. Such money or property shall be invested by the Treasurer in accordance with the provisions of section 3-31a.
(b) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (a) of this section, the State Board of Education may receive in the name of the state any money or property given or bequeathed to the State Board of Education. Said board shall transfer any such money to the State Treasurer who shall invest the money in accordance with the provisions of section 3-31a. Said board may use any such property for educational purposes.
(1949 Rev., S. 1344; February, 1965, P.A. 330, S. 15; P.A. 77-573, S. 24, 30; P.A. 78-236, S. 4, 20; P.A. 82-218, S. 37, 46; P.A. 84-241, S. 2, 5; P.A. 86-333, S. 2, 32; P.A. 11-48, S. 276; P.A. 12-116, S. 87; P.A. 17-237, S. 40; P.A. 22-118, S. 271.)
History: 1965 act included reference to money or property given or bequeathed to commission for higher education or its constituent units; P.A. 77-573 substituted board of higher education for commission for higher education; P.A. 78-236 substituted Sec. 3-31a for reference to repealed Sec. 3-27; P.A. 82-218 replaced board of higher education with board of governors pursuant to reorganization of higher education system, effective March 1, 1983; P.A. 84-241 added “of higher education” to board of governors' title; P.A. 86-333 added the designation Subsec. (a), deleted the provision that the state treasurer may receive money or property given or bequeathed to the state board of education and added Subsec. (b) providing for the receipt and transfer of money and receipt and use of property; P.A. 11-48 amended Subsec. (a) to replace “Board of Governors of Higher Education” with “Board of Regents for Higher Education” and make a conforming change, effective July 1, 2011; pursuant to P.A. 12-116, “regional vocational-technical schools” was changed editorially by the Revisors to “technical high schools” in Subsec. (b), effective July 1, 2012; P.A. 17-237 amended Subsec. (b) by replacing “technical high schools” with “technical education and career schools”, effective July 1, 2017; P.A. 22-118 amended Subsec. (b) by deleting “or to any of the technical education and career schools”, effective July 1, 2022.
No authority under section to authorize the turning over of funds of The Wheeler School and Library to State Board of Education. 15 CS 427.
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Sec. 10-9a. Misuse of state funds or resources. Civil action by department. (a) The Department of Education may institute a civil action in the Superior Court, or in the United States District Court, where applicable, against any person, firm, corporation, business or combination thereof, including a charter management organization, it believes, or has reason to believe, has misused state funds or has engaged in the misuse of state resources, to enjoin said parties from continuing such conduct within this state and to seek repayment of such funds, as well as damages, on behalf of the state. In such actions the department shall be represented by the Attorney General.
(b) Upon the institution of such civil action, the Attorney General shall have the right to take the deposition of any witness the Attorney General believes, or has reason to believe, has information relative to the prosecution of such action, upon application made to the Superior Court, notwithstanding the provisions of other statutes limiting depositions. The Attorney General shall also have the right to take such depositions in other states and to utilize the laws of such other states relative to the taking of depositions where allowed by the laws of such states.
(c) In any case where the misuse of state funds or resources or damages referred to in subsection (a) of this section shall be proven by a fair preponderance of the evidence, the court shall order repayment by any or all defendants of said damages through the Department of Education.
(d) The court shall also have the right, in its discretion, to assess treble damages against said defendants.
(P.A. 21-144, S. 7.)
History: P.A. 21-144 effective July 7, 2021.
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Sec. 10-10. Acquisition of federal surplus property. Section 10-10 is repealed.
(1957, P.A. 20, S. 1; 1959, P.A. 136, S. 2.)
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Sec. 10-10a. Public school information system. Definitions. Development and implementation. Types of data collected. Access to data maintained under system. (a) As used in this section:
(1) “Teacher” means any certified professional employee below the rank of superintendent employed by a board of education for at least ninety days in a position requiring a certificate issued by the State Board of Education;
(2) “Teacher preparation program” means a program designed to qualify an individual for professional certification as an educator provided by institutions of higher education or other providers approved by the Department of Education, including, but not limited to, an alternate route to certification program.
(b) The Department of Education shall develop and implement a state-wide public school information system. The system shall be designed for the purpose of establishing a standardized electronic data collection and reporting protocol that will facilitate compliance with state and federal reporting requirements, improve school-to-school and district-to-district information exchanges, and maintain the confidentiality of individual student and staff data. The initial design shall focus on student information, provided the system shall be created to allow for future compatibility with financial, facility and staff data. The system shall provide for the tracking of the performance of individual students on each of the state-wide mastery examinations under section 10-14n in order to allow the department to compare the progress of the same cohort of students who take each examination and to better analyze school performance. The department shall assign a unique student identifier to each student prior to tracking the performance of a student in the public school information system.
(c) The state-wide public school information system shall:
(1) Track and report data relating to student, teacher and school and district performance growth and make such information available to local and regional boards of education for use in evaluating educational performance and growth of teachers and students enrolled in public schools in the state. Such information shall be collected or calculated based on information received from local and regional boards of education and other relevant sources. Such information shall include, but not be limited to:
(A) In addition to performance on state-wide mastery examinations pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, data relating to students shall include, but not be limited to, (i) the primary language spoken at the home of a student, (ii) student transcripts, (iii) student attendance and student mobility, (iv) reliable, valid assessments of a student's readiness to enter public school at the kindergarten level, and (v) data collected, if any, from the preschool experience survey, described in section 10-515;
(B) Data relating to teachers shall include, but not be limited to, (i) teacher credentials, such as master's degrees, teacher preparation programs completed and certification levels and endorsement areas, (ii) teacher assessments, such as whether a teacher is deemed highly qualified pursuant to the No Child Left Behind Act, P.L. 107-110, or deemed to meet such other designations as may be established by federal law or regulations for the purposes of tracking the equitable distribution of instructional staff, (iii) the presence of substitute teachers in a teacher's classroom, (iv) class size, (v) numbers relating to absenteeism in a teacher's classroom, and (vi) the presence of a teacher's aide. The department shall assign a unique teacher identifier to each teacher prior to collecting such data in the public school information system;
(C) Data relating to schools and districts shall include, but not be limited to, (i) school population, (ii) annual student graduation rates, (iii) annual teacher retention rates, (iv) school disciplinary records, such as data relating to suspensions, expulsions and other disciplinary actions, (v) the percentage of students whose primary language is not English, (vi) the number of and professional credentials of support personnel, (vii) information relating to instructional technology, such as access to computers, and (viii) disaggregated measures of school-based arrests pursuant to section 10-233n.
(2) Collect data relating to student enrollment in and graduation from institutions of higher education for any student who had been assigned a unique student identifier pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, provided such data is available.
(3) Develop means for access to and data sharing with the data systems of public institutions of higher education in the state.
(d) On or before July 1, 2011, and each year thereafter until July 1, 2013, the Commissioner of Education shall report, in accordance with the provisions of section 11-4a, to the joint standing committee of the General Assembly having cognizance of matters relating to education on the progress of the department's efforts to expand the state-wide public school information system pursuant to subsection (c) of this section. The report shall include a full statement of those data elements that are currently included in the system and those data elements that will be added on or before July 1, 2013.
(e) The system database of student information shall not be considered a public record for the purposes of section 1-210. Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the ability of a full-time permanent employee of a nonprofit organization that is exempt from taxation under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or any subsequent corresponding internal revenue code of the United States, as from time to time amended, and that is organized and operated for educational purposes, to obtain information in accordance with the provisions of subsection (h) of this section.
(f) All school districts shall participate in the system, and report all necessary information required by this section, provided the department provides for technical assistance and training of school staff in the use of the system.
(g) Local and regional boards of education and preschool programs which receive state or federal funding shall participate, in a manner prescribed by the Commissioner of Education, in the state-wide public school information system described in subsection (b) of this section. Participation for purposes of this subsection shall include, but not be limited to, reporting on (1) student experiences in preschool by program type and by numbers of months in each such program, and (2) the readiness of students entering kindergarten and student progress in kindergarten. Such reporting shall be done by October 1, 2007, and annually thereafter.
(h) On and after August 1, 2009, upon receipt of a written request to access data maintained under this section by a full-time permanent employee of a nonprofit organization that is exempt from taxation under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or any subsequent corresponding internal revenue code of the United States, as from time to time amended, and that is organized and operated for educational purposes, the Department of Education shall provide such data to such requesting party not later than sixty days after such request, provided such requesting party shall be responsible for the reasonable cost of such request. The Department of Administrative Services shall monitor the calculation of such fees charged for access to or copies of such records to ensure that such fees are reasonable and consistent with those charged by other state agencies. The Department of Education shall respond to written requests under this section in the order in which they are received.
(i) The superintendent of schools of a school district, or his or her designee, may access information in the state-wide public school information system regarding the state-wide mastery examination under section 10-14n. Such access shall be for the limited purpose of determining examination dates, examination scores and levels of student achievement on such examinations for students enrolled in or transferring to the school district of such superintendent.
(P.A. 00-187, S. 8, 75; May 9 Sp. Sess. P.A. 02-7, S. 7; P.A. 06-135, S. 22; P.A. 09-241, S. 1; P.A. 10-111, S. 3; P.A. 11-51, S. 76; 11-136, S. 15; P.A. 14-39, S. 87; P.A. 15-168, S. 4.)
History: P.A. 00-187 effective July 1, 2000; May 9 Sp. Sess. P.A. 02-7 amended Subsec. (a) by deleting reference to Sec. 10-223b, effective August 15, 2002; P.A. 06-135 added Subsec. (d) re preschool programs, effective July 1, 2006; P.A. 09-241 added provision in Subsec. (a) re assignment of unique student identifier, added provision in Subsec. (b) re access to data by employee of nonprofit organization, deleted provision in Subsec. (c) re pilot system project, and added Subsec. (e) re requests for and access to data, effective July 1, 2009; P.A. 10-111 redesignated existing Subsec. (a) as new Subsec. (b), added new Subsec. (a) re definitions, added new Subsec. (c) re tracking and collection of student, teacher and school and district performance data, added new Subsec. (d) re report of commissioner, redesignated existing Subsecs. (b) to (e) as Subsecs. (e) to (h), amended redesignated Subsec. (f) by adding “and report all necessary information required by this section,” and made technical changes, effective July 1, 2010; pursuant to P.A. 11-51, “Department of Information Technology” was changed editorially by the Revisors to “Department of Administrative Services” in Subsec. (h), effective July 1, 2011; P.A. 11-136 added Subsec. (i) re superintendent access to information in system re state-wide mastery examination, effective July 1, 2011; P.A. 14-39 amended Subsec. (c) by replacing “On or before July 1, 2013, the department shall expand the” with “The” and “as follows” with “shall” and, in Subdiv. (1), adding Subpara. (A)(v) re preschool experience survey data, effective July 1, 2014; P.A. 15-168 amended Subsec. (c)(1)(C) by adding clause (viii) re disaggregated measures of school-based arrests, effective July 1, 2015.
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Sec. 10-10b. Inclusion of state-assigned student identifier on all official student documents. Each local and regional board of education shall include a student's state-assigned student identifier on all official student documents for each student under the jurisdiction of such board of education. For purposes of this section, “official student document” includes, but is not limited to, transcripts, report cards, attendance records, disciplinary reports and student withdrawal forms.
(P.A. 11-70, S. 15; P.A. 13-122, S. 3.)
History: P.A. 11-70 effective August 31, 2011; P.A. 13-122 replaced former provisions with provisions requiring that state-assigned student identifier be included on all official student documents and re definition of “official student document”, effective July 1, 2013.
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Sec. 10-10c. Uniform system of accounting. Chart of accounts. Audit. (a) The Department of Education shall develop and implement a uniform system of accounting for school revenues and expenditures. Such uniform system of accounting shall include a chart of accounts to be used at the school and district level. Such chart of accounts shall include, but not be limited to, all amounts and sources of revenue and donations of cash and real or personal property in the aggregate totaling five hundred dollars or more, including federal impact aid, received by a local or regional board of education, regional educational service center, charter school or charter management organization on behalf of a school district or individual school. Select measures shall be required at the individual school level, as determined by the department. The department shall make such chart of accounts available on its Internet web site.
(b) For the fiscal year ending June 30, 2015, and each fiscal year thereafter, each local or regional board of education, regional educational service center and state charter school shall implement such uniform system of accounting by completing and filing annual financial reports with the department using the chart of accounts and meet the provisions of section 10-227.
(c) The Office of Policy and Management may annually audit the financial reports submitted pursuant to subsection (b) of this section for any local or regional board of education, regional educational service center or state charter school.
(d) Not later than July 1, 2013, the Department of Education shall submit the chart of accounts described in subsection (a) of this section to the joint standing committees of the General Assembly having cognizance of matters relating to education and appropriations and the budgets of state agencies, in accordance with the provisions of section 11-4a.
(P.A. 12-116, S. 15; P.A. 19-117, S. 249.)
History: P.A. 12-116 effective May 14, 2012; P.A. 19-117 amended Subsec. (a) by adding “, including federal impact aid,”, effective July 1, 2019.
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Sec. 10-10d. Regulations re fiscal accountability data collection report. Section 10-10d is repealed, effective July 1, 2021.
(P.A. 13-247, S. 41; P.A. 21-144, S. 12.)
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Sec. 10-10e. State-wide information technology platform for real-time sharing of educational records. (a) Not later than January 1, 2020, the Department of Education shall develop and implement a plan to incentivize and support school district participation in a state-wide information technology platform that allows real-time sharing of educational records among schools and school districts state wide.
(b) Not later than February 1, 2019, the Commissioner of Education shall provide information on progress made towards the development and implementation of the plan required under subsection (a) of this section to the joint standing committee of the General Assembly having cognizance of matters relating to education, in accordance with the provisions of section 11-4a, and to the Juvenile Justice Policy and Oversight Committee established pursuant to section 46b-121n.
(P.A. 18-31, S. 6.)
History: P.A. 18-31 effective June 1, 2018.
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Sec. 10-10f. Minimum budget requirement calculation worksheet. For the fiscal year ending July 1, 2020, and each fiscal year thereafter, the Department of Education shall compile a minimum budget requirement calculation worksheet for each school district. The department shall provide such worksheet to the appropriate local and regional board of education and make each such worksheet available on the department's Internet web site.
(P.A. 19-117, S. 250.)
History: P.A. 19-117 effective July 1, 2019.
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Sec. 10-10g. Compilation and provision of information re services and resources for victims of domestic violence. (a) Not later than December 1, 2022, and annually thereafter, the Office of Victim Services within the Judicial Department, in consultation with the Connecticut Coalition Against Domestic Violence, shall compile information concerning services and resources available to victims of domestic violence and provide such information electronically to the Department of Education, and electronically and in hard copies to (1) the Division of State Police within the Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection, (2) each municipal police department, and (3) each ambulance company and organization, whether public, private or voluntary, that offers transportation or treatment services to patients under emergency conditions. Such information shall include, but need not be limited to, (A) referrals available to counseling and supportive services, including, but not limited to, the Safe at Home program administered by the Office of the Secretary of the State, shelter services, medical services, domestic abuse hotlines, legal counseling and advocacy, mental health care and financial assistance, and (B) procedures to voluntarily and confidentially identify eligibility for referrals to such counseling and supportive services. Such information shall be translated into, and provided in, multiple languages, including, but not limited to, English, Polish, Portuguese and Spanish.
(b) Not later than January 1, 2020, the Department of Education shall publish the information compiled and provided pursuant to subsection (a) of this section on the Internet web site of the department. If informed of any necessary revisions by the Office of Victim Services within the Judicial Department, the Department of Education shall revise such published information.
(c) For the school year commencing July 1, 2020, and each school year thereafter, the Department of Education shall disseminate the information published pursuant to subsection (b) of this section to each local and regional board of education. Each local and regional board of education shall require the provision of such information to any (1) student or parent or guardian of a student who expresses to a school employee, as defined in section 10-222d, that such student or parent or guardian or a person residing with such student or parent or guardian does not feel safe at home due to domestic violence, and (2) parent or guardian of a student who authorizes the transfer of such student's education records to another school.
(P.A. 19-146, S. 1; P.A. 22-47, S. 64.)
History: P.A. 19-146 effective July 1, 2019; P.A. 22-47 amended Subsec. (a) by replacing “2019” with “2022” and requiring annual compilation of information, requiring electronic provision of information to Department of Education, adding new Subdivs. (1) and (2) re electronic and hard copy provision of information to Division of State Police and municipal police departments, and redesignating existing Subdivs. (1) and (2) as Subparas. (A) and (B), adding Subdiv. (3) re electronic and hard copy provision of information to ambulance companies, deleting requirement re annual review and revision of information by Office of Victim Services, and adding provision requiring information to be translated, effective July 1, 2022.
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Sec. 10-10h. Document re resources for students and families. Not later than December 1, 2021, the Department of Education shall develop, and annually update, a document for use by local and regional boards of education that provides information concerning educational, safety, mental health and food insecurity resources and programs available for students and their families. Such document shall contain, but need not be limited to, (1) providers of such resources and programs, including, but not limited to, the Departments of Education, Children and Families and Mental Health and Addiction Services, the United Way of Connecticut and local food banks, (2) descriptions of the relevant resources and programs offered by each provider, including, but not limited to, any program that provides laptop computers, public Internet access or home Internet service to students, (3) contact information for each provider, resource and program, and (4) relevant Internet web sites. The Department of Education shall annually distribute such document electronically to each local and regional board of education.
(P.A. 21-46, S. 15.)
History: P.A. 21-46 effective June 16, 2021.
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Sec. 10-11. Receipt and expenditure of federal funds and funds from private or municipal sources. The State Board of Education is empowered, subject to the provisions of the general statutes, to receive any federal funds or funds from private or municipal sources made available to this state for purposes described in section 10-4 relating to preschool, elementary and secondary education, special education, vocational education, adult education, and the provision and use of educational technology for such educational purposes, and to expend such funds for the purpose or purposes for which they are made available. The State Treasurer shall be the custodian of such funds.
(1949 Rev., S. 1345; February, 1965, P.A. 330, S. 16; 1971, P.A. 382; 1972, P.A. 173; P.A. 73-313; P.A. 78-218, S. 8; P.A. 81-74, S. 2, 3; P.A. 82-314, S. 46, 63; P.A. 92-170, S. 7, 26; P.A. 95-272, S. 7, 29.)
History: 1965 act replaced general reference to “educational purposes” with specific reference to “elementary, secondary or vocational education” purposes and deleted exception for funds designated for The University of Connecticut; 1971 act added Subsec. (b) re report of disbursement of federal funds for education; 1972 act included in report requirements an accounting of federal funds available for distribution to town and regional districts during preceding and current fiscal years; P.A. 73-313 changed report deadline from February fifteenth to February first of each year; P.A. 78-218 changed report deadline to February fifteenth, required report to education committee as well as governor and substituted “local” for “town” school districts in Subsec. (b); P.A. 81-74 authorized the state board of education to receive funds from private or municipal sources to help promote the educational interests of the state including preschool, special and adult education and the provision and use of instructional technology for educational purposes; P.A. 82-314 changed official name of education committee; P.A. 92-170 deleted former Subsec. (b) concerning a report on the funds available from federal government and on disbursement of funds actually received from federal, private or municipal sources; P.A. 95-272 replaced “instructional” with “educational” in reference to technology, effective July 1, 1995.
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Sec. 10-11a. Allocation to meet matching requirements of federal acts. The State Board of Education may, within the provisions of section 4-87, allocate and use any appropriation or special fund to meet the matching requirements of the federal acts making funds available to the state for purposes of elementary, secondary or vocational education.
(1959, P.A. 483, S. 1; February, 1965, P.A. 330, S. 17.)
History: 1965 act replaced general reference to “educational purposes” with specific reference to “elementary, secondary or vocational education” purposes.
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Sec. 10-11b. Commissioner's submission of application for waiver of federal law. Legislative review. Public hearing. Procedural requirements. (a) On and after July 1, 2015, the Commissioner of Education shall submit any application for a federal waiver of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, 20 USC 6301, et seq., as amended from time to time, to the joint standing committee of the General Assembly having cognizance of matters relating to education prior to the submission of any such application to the federal government. Not later than thirty days after the date of its receipt of such application, said joint standing committee shall hold a public hearing on the waiver application. At the conclusion of a public hearing held in accordance with the provisions of this section, said joint standing committee shall advise the commissioner of its recommendations, if any, with regards to the commissioner's waiver application.
(b) If in developing the budget for the Department of Education for the next fiscal year, the commissioner contemplates applying for a federal waiver to the federal government, the commissioner shall notify the joint standing committee of the General Assembly having cognizance of matters relating to education of the possibility of such application.
(c) Prior to submission of an application for a waiver from said Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 to the joint standing committee of the General Assembly having cognizance of matters relating to education under subsection (a) of this section, the commissioner shall publish a notice that the commissioner intends to seek such a waiver to the federal government in the Connecticut Law Journal, along with a summary of the provisions of the waiver application and the manner in which individuals may submit comments. The commissioner shall allow fifteen days for written comments on the waiver application prior to submission of the application for a waiver to the joint standing committee of the General Assembly having cognizance of matters relating to education under subsection (a) of this section and shall include all written comments with the waiver application submitted to said joint standing committee.
(d) The commissioner shall include with any waiver application submitted to the federal government pursuant to this section: (1) Any written comments received pursuant to subsection (c) of this section; and (2) the recommendations of the joint standing committee of the General Assembly having cognizance of matters relating to education issued pursuant to subsection (a) of this section, including any additional written comments submitted to said joint standing committee at such proceedings. Said joint standing committee shall transmit any such materials to the commissioner for inclusion with any such waiver application.
(June Sp. Sess. P.A. 15-5, S. 300.)
History: June Sp. Sess. P.A. 15-5 effective July 1, 2015.
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Sec. 10-12. State Board of Vocational Education. The State Board of Education is designated as the State Board of Vocational Education for the purpose of cooperating with the federal government in the promotion and administration of vocational education.
(1949 Rev., S. 1346.)
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Sec. 10-13. Appointment of physicians for technical education and career schools. Section 10-13 is repealed, effective July 1, 2022.
(1949 Rev., S. 1347; 1959, P.A. 411, S. 1; February, 1965, P.A. 330, S. 19; P.A. 12-116, S. 87; P.A. 17-237, S. 41; P.A. 22-118, S. 514.)
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Sec. 10-13a. Fees at technical institutes. Section 10-13a is repealed.
(1963, P.A. 496, S. 1; 1969, P.A. 530, S. 12.)
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Sec. 10-14. Expenses of the board. The expenses of the State Board of Education shall be paid by the state upon vouchers certified by the Commissioner of Education or other person designated by said board.
(1949 Rev., S. 1348; P.A. 77-614, S. 302, 610.)
History: P.A. 77-614 substituted commissioner of education for secretary of state board of education, effective January 1, 1979.
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Sec. 10-14a. Transferred to Chapter 178, Part V, Sec. 10-333.
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Secs. 10-14b to 10-14d. State Commission on Youth Services. Coordinator. Duties. Part of Education Department. Sections 10-14b to 10-14d, inclusive, are repealed.
(1963, P.A. 521, S. 1–4; 1969, P.A. 664, S. 18.)
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