CHAPTER 446i
WATER RESOURCES

PART I
GENERAL PROVISIONS

      Sec. 22a-342. (Formerly Sec. 25-4a). Establishment of stream channel encroachment lines. Permits for encroachments, required findings. Fees. The commissioner shall establish, along any tidal or inland waterway or flood-prone area considered for stream clearance, channel improvement or any form of flood control or flood alleviation measure, lines beyond which, in the direction of the waterway or flood-prone area, no obstruction, encroachment or hindrance shall be placed by any person, and no such obstruction, encroachment or hindrance shall be maintained by any person unless authorized by said commissioner. The commissioner shall issue or deny permits upon applications for establishing such encroachments based upon his findings of the effect of such proposed encroachments upon the flood-carrying and water storage capacity of the waterways and flood plains, flood heights, hazards to life and property, and the protection and preservation of the natural resources and ecosystems of the state, including but not limited to ground and surface water, animal, plant and aquatic life, nutrient exchange, and energy flow, with due consideration given to the results of similar encroachments constructed along the reach of waterway. Each application for a permit shall be accompanied by a fee as follows: (1) No change in grades and no construction of above-ground structures, four hundred seventy dollars; (2) a change in grade and no construction of above-ground structures, nine hundred forty dollars; and (3) a change in grade and above-ground structures or buildings, four thousand dollars.

      (1963, P.A. 435, S. 1; 1971, P.A. 872, S. 45; P.A. 73-590, S. 2, 3; P.A. 90-231, S. 11, 28; P.A. 91-369, S. 26, 36; P.A. 98-209, S. 5; June 30 Sp. Sess. P.A. 03-6, S. 127; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-3, S. 416.)

      History: 1971 act replaced references to water resources commission with references to environmental protection commissioner; P.A. 73-590 clarified applicable waterways as "tidal or inland" and required that findings contain effect of encroachment upon water storage capacity, floodplains and upon protection and preservation of natural resources and ecosystems; Sec. 25-4a transferred to Sec. 22a-342 in 1983; P.A. 90-231 required the payment of application fees and provided that on and after July 1, 1995, the fees shall be prescribed by regulations; P.A. 91-369 restated commissioner's authority to adopt regulations setting the fees required by this section; P.A. 98-209 prohibited hindrances beyond stream channel encroachment lines and prohibited maintenance of obstructions, encroachments or hindrances beyond such lines; June 30 Sp. Sess. P.A. 03-6 increased permit application fees by 50% in Subdivs. (1), (2) and (3) and deleted provisions re amount of fees prescribed by regulation, effective August 20, 2003; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-3 increased fees.

      Sec. 22a-361. (Formerly Sec. 25-7d). Permit for dredging or erection of structures, placement of fill or mooring areas. Regulations. General permits. Removal of sand and gravel. Fee. (a) No person, firm or corporation, public, municipal or private, shall dredge, erect any structure, place any fill, obstruction or encroachment or carry out any work incidental thereto or retain or maintain any structure, dredging or fill, in the tidal, coastal or navigable waters of the state waterward of the high tide line until such person, firm or corporation has submitted an application and has secured from said commissioner a certificate or permit for such work and has agreed to carry out any conditions necessary to the implementation of such certificate or permit. Each application for a permit, except for an emergency authorization, for any structure, filling or dredging which uses or occupies less than five thousand five hundred square feet in water surface area based on the perimeters of the project shall be accompanied by a fee equal to eighty cents per square foot provided such fee shall not be less than six hundred sixty dollars. Each application for a permit for any structure, filling or dredging which uses or occupies five thousand five hundred square feet or more but less than five acres in water surface area based on the perimeters of the project shall be accompanied by a fee of three thousand five hundred fifty dollars plus ten cents per square foot for each square foot in excess of five thousand five hundred square feet. Each application for a permit for any structure, filling or dredging which uses or occupies five or more acres in water surface area based on the perimeters of the project shall be accompanied by a fee of nineteen thousand four hundred seventy-five dollars plus five hundred twenty-five dollars per acre for each acre or part thereof in excess of five acres. Each application for a mooring area or multiple mooring facility, regardless of the area to be occupied by moorings, shall be accompanied by a fee of six hundred sixty dollars provided that such mooring areas or facilities shall not include fixed or floating docks, slips or berths. Application fees for aquaculture activities shall not be based on areal extent. The commissioner may waive or reduce any fee payable to him for (1) a tidal wetlands or coastal resource restoration or enhancement activity, (2) experimental activities or demonstration projects, (3) nonprofit academic activities, or (4) public access activities in tidal, coastal or navigable waters, provided no fee shall be waived or reduced for activities required by statute, regulation, permit, order or enforcement action. As used in this section, "resource restoration or enhancement activity" means an action taken to return a wetland or coastal resource to a prior natural condition or to improve the natural functions or habitat value of such resource, but shall not include actions required pursuant to an enforcement action of the commissioner, and "public access activities" means activities whose principal purpose is to provide or increase access for the general public to tidal, coastal or navigable waters, including, but not limited to, boardwalks, boat ramps, observation areas and fishing piers.

      (b) The commissioner, at least thirty days before approving or denying an application for a permit, shall provide or require the applicant to provide, by certified mail, return receipt requested, to the applicant, to the Commissioner of Transportation, the Attorney General and the Commissioner of Agriculture and to the chief executive officer, the chairmen of the planning, zoning, harbor management and shellfish commissions of each town in which such structure, fill, obstruction, encroachment or dredging is to be located or work to be performed, and to the owner of each franchised oyster ground and the lessee of each leased oyster ground within which such work is to be performed and shall publish once in a newspaper having a substantial circulation in the area affected, notice of (1) the name of the applicant; (2) the location and nature of the proposed activities; (3) the tentative decision regarding the application; and (4) any additional information the commissioner deems necessary. There shall be a comment period following the public notice during which interested persons may submit written comments. The commissioner may hold a public hearing prior to approving or denying an application if, in the commissioner's discretion, the public interest will best be served by holding such hearing. The commissioner shall hold a public hearing if the commissioner receives a petition requesting such hearing that is signed by twenty-five or more persons and an application will: (A) Significantly impact any shellfish area, as determined by the director of the Bureau of Aquaculture at the Department of Agriculture, (B) have interstate ramifications, or (C) involve any project that requires a certificate issued pursuant to section 16-50k or approval by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. Following such notice and comment period and public hearing, if applicable, the commissioner may, in whole or in part, approve, modify and approve or deny the application. The commissioner shall provide to the applicant and the persons set forth above, by certified mail, return receipt requested, notice of his decision. If the commissioner requires the applicant to provide the notice specified in this subsection, the applicant shall certify to the commissioner, no later than twenty days after providing such notice, that such notice has been provided in accordance with this subsection.

      (c) The Commissioner of Environmental Protection may adopt, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, regulations to carry out the provisions of sections 22a-359 to 22a-363, inclusive. Such regulations shall establish the procedures for reviewing and acting upon applications for permits, certificates of permission and emergency authorizations. The regulations shall be consistent with sections 22a-28 to 22a-35, inclusive, and regulations adopted thereunder, sections 22a-90 to 22a-100, inclusive, and sections 22a-113k to 22a-113t, inclusive. They shall establish criteria for granting, denying, limiting, conditioning or modifying permits giving due regard for the impact of regulated activities and their use on the tidal, coastal or navigable waters of the state, adjoining coastal and tidal resources, tidal wetlands, navigation, recreation, erosion, sedimentation, water quality and circulation, fisheries, shellfisheries, wildlife, flooding and other natural disasters and water-dependent use opportunities as defined in section 22a-93. The regulations may provide for consideration of local, state and federal programs affecting tidal, coastal and navigable waters of the state and the development of the uplands adjacent thereto and may set forth informational material describing general categories of regulated activities for the purpose of providing permit applicants with a more explicit understanding of the regulations. Such informational material shall be consistent with and shall not increase the discretion granted to the commissioner under the policies, standards and criteria contained in sections 22a-359, 22a-92 and 22a-93, and this section.

      (d) (1) The Commissioner of Environmental Protection may issue a general permit for any minor activity regulated under sections 22a-28 to 22a-35, inclusive, or sections 22a-359 to 22a-363f, inclusive, if the commissioner determines that such activity would (A) cause minimal environmental effects when conducted separately, (B) cause only minimal cumulative environmental effects, (C) not be inconsistent with the considerations and the public policy set forth in sections 22a-28 to 22a-35, inclusive, and section 22a-359, as applicable, (D) be consistent with the policies of the Coastal Management Act, and (E) constitute an acceptable encroachment into public lands and waters. Such activities may include routine minor maintenance and routine minor repair of existing structures, fill, obstructions, encroachments or excavations; substantial maintenance consisting of rebuilding, reconstructing or reestablishing to a preexisting condition and dimension any structure, fill, obstruction, encroachment or excavation; maintenance dredging of areas which have been dredged and continuously maintained as serviceable; activities allowed pursuant to a perimeter permit; the removal of structures, derelict vessels, debris, rubbish or similar discarded material or unauthorized fill material; minor alterations or amendments to authorized activities consistent with the authorization for such activities; activities which have been required or allowed by an order of the commissioner; open water marsh management by or under the supervision of the Department of Public Health or Department of Environmental Protection; conservation activities of or under the supervision or direction of the Department of Environmental Protection; construction of individual residential docks which do not create littoral or riparian conflicts, navigational interference, or adverse impacts to coastal resources as defined by section 22a-93, which are not located in tidal wetlands as defined by section 22a-29 and which extend no further than forty feet waterward of mean high water or to a depth of minus four feet mean low water, whichever point is more landward; installation of scientific measuring or monitoring devices; survey activities including excavation of test pits and core sampling and driving of test pilings; construction of utility lines; aquacultural activities; and installation and removal of small seasonal structures including floats and moorings. Any person conducting an activity for which a general permit has been issued shall not be required to obtain an individual permit or certificate under any other provision of sections 22a-28 to 22a-35, inclusive, or sections 22a-359 to 22a-363f, inclusive, for that activity except as provided in subdivision (3) of this subsection. A general permit shall clearly define the activity covered thereby and may include such conditions and requirements as the commissioner deems appropriate, including, but not limited to, construction timing, methodologies and durations, resource protection practices, management practices, and verification and reporting requirements. The general permit may require any person proposing to conduct any activity under the general permit to register such activity, including obtaining approval from the commissioner, before the general permit becomes effective as to such activity. Registrations and applications for approval under the general permit shall be submitted on forms prescribed by the commissioner. Any approval by the commissioner under a general permit may include conditions specific to the proposed activity to ensure consistency with the requirements for issuance of the general permit. The commissioner shall prepare, and annually amend, a list of holders of general permits under this section, which list shall be made available to the public.

      (2) Notwithstanding any other procedures specified in sections 22a-28 to 22a-35, inclusive, and sections 22a-359 to 22a-363f, inclusive, any regulations adopted thereunder, and chapter 54, the commissioner may issue a general permit in accordance with the following procedures: (A) The commissioner shall publish in a newspaper having a substantial circulation in the affected area or areas notice of intent to issue a general permit; (B) the commissioner shall allow a comment period of thirty days following publication of such notice during which interested persons may submit written comments concerning the permit to the commissioner and the commissioner shall hold a public hearing if, within said comment period, he receives a petition signed by at least twenty-five persons; (C) the commissioner may not issue the general permit until after the comment period; (D) the commissioner shall publish notice of any permit issued in a newspaper having substantial circulation in the affected area or areas; and (E) summary suspension may be ordered in accordance with subsection (c) of section 4-182. Any person may request that the commissioner issue, modify or revoke a general permit in accordance with this subsection.

      (3) Subsequent to the issuance of a general permit, the commissioner may require any person whose activity is or may be covered by the general permit to apply for and obtain an individual permit or certificate under the provisions of sections 22a-28 to 22a-35, inclusive, or sections 22a-359 to 22a-363f, inclusive, for all or any portion of the activities covered by the general permit, if the commissioner determines that an individual permit is necessary to assure consistency with purposes and policies of such sections, and the Coastal Management Act. The commissioner may require an individual permit under this subdivision in cases including, but not limited to, the following: (A) The permittee is not in compliance with the conditions of the general permit; (B) an individual permit or certificate is appropriate because of circumstances specific to the site; (C) circumstances have changed since the time the general permit was issued so that the permitted activity is no longer acceptable under the general permit; or (D) a change has occurred in relevant law. The commissioner may require an individual permit or certificate under this section only if the affected person has been notified in writing that an individual permit or certificate is required. The notice shall include a brief statement of the reasons for the decision.

      (4) The commissioner may adopt regulations, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, to carry out the purposes of this section.

      (5) Notwithstanding any provision of sections 22a-359 to 22a-363f, inclusive, pending issuance of a general permit for aquaculture activities by the commissioner in accordance with this section, no permit or certificate shall be required for the placement, maintenance or removal of (A) individual structures used for aquaculture, as defined in section 22-416, including, but not limited to, cages or bags, which are located on designated state or municipal shellfish beds which structures create no adverse impacts on coastal resources or navigation over their location or (B) any buoys used to mark such structures. Upon issuance of a general permit for aquaculture activities in accordance with this section, any aquaculture activities shall comply with the terms of such general permit or other applicable provisions of sections 22a-359 to 22a-363f, inclusive.

      (e) No person, firm or corporation, public, municipal or private, who removes sand, gravel or other material lying waterward of the mean high water mark of the tidal, coastal or navigable waters of the state pursuant to a permit issued under this section on or after October 1, 1996, shall make any beneficial or commercial use of such sand, gravel or other material except upon payment to the state of a fee of four dollars per cubic yard of such sand, gravel and other materials. Such payment shall be made at times and under conditions specified by the commissioner in such permit. No fee shall be assessed for (1) the performance of such activities on land which is not owned by the state, (2) the use of sand, gravel or other materials for beach restoration projects, or (3) ultimate disposal of such sand, gravel or other materials which does not result in an economic benefit to any person. For the purposes of this section, "beneficial or commercial use" includes, but is not limited to, sale or use of sand, gravel or other materials for construction, aggregate, fill or landscaping.

      (f) When any damage may arise to any person, firm or corporation from the taking of sand, gravel or other material as provided in subsection (e) of this section and the applicant authorized by the commissioner to take sand, gravel or other material cannot agree with such person, firm or corporation as to the amount of damage which may result from such taking, the commissioner shall require the applicant, as a condition precedent to the taking of sand, gravel or material pursuant to any permit hereunder, to post bond, with good and sufficient surety, or to deposit such sum with the State Treasurer, for the protection of any person, firm or corporation claiming damage which may result from such taking, as the commissioner determines sufficient to cover all damages, including interest from the date of the taking, which could reasonably result to any person, firm or corporation from such taking.

      (g) The procedure for the subsequent determination of the amount of actual damage shall be as follows: The commissioner shall prefer a petition to the superior court for the judicial district of Hartford or to a judge thereof in vacation, praying that the amount of such damage may be determined. Such petition shall be accompanied by a summons signed by competent authority, to be served as process in civil action before said court, notifying the applicant and any person, firm or corporation claiming damage from the taking, to appear before said court or such judge, and thereupon said court or judge shall appoint a committee of three disinterested persons, one of whom may be a state referee, who shall be sworn before commencing their duties. Such committee, after giving reasonable notice to all parties of the time and place of hearing, shall hear and receive evidence from all parties concerning the damage and shall make an award. Such committee shall make a report of its doings and the award to said court or such judge, who may accept such report or reject it for irregular or improper conduct by the committee in the performance of its duties. If the report is rejected, the court or judge shall appoint another committee, which shall proceed in the same manner as the first committee was required to proceed. If the report is accepted, such acceptance shall have the effect of a judgment and the applicant shall pay the amount of any such award to the clerk of the Superior Court for the account of the persons entitled thereto within sixty days after the judgment is entered or, in the case of an appeal, after the final judgment. Any party may, within sixty days, appeal such judgment in the manner provided by law.

      (1963, P.A. 569, S. 3; February, 1965, P.A. 587; 1969, P.A. 768, S. 256; 1971, P.A. 872, S. 59; P.A. 74-79; P.A. 78-102, S. 2; P.A. 87-495, S. 4; P.A. 88-230, S. 1, 12; P.A. 90-98, S. 1, 2; 90-111, S. 4; 90-231, S. 13, 28; P.A. 91-369, S. 27, 36; P.A. 92-162, S. 9, 25; P.A. 93-142, S. 4, 7, 8; 93-381, S. 9, 39; 93-428, S. 8, 39; P.A. 94-85, S. 2; P.A. 95-218, S. 10; 95-220, S. 4-6; 95-257, S. 12, 21, 58; P.A. 96-145, S. 1, 17; P.A. 97-124, S. 8, 16; P.A. 98-63, S. 1, 2; P.A. 03-263, S. 5; June 30 Sp. Sess. P.A. 03-6, S. 128, 129, 146(g), (h); P.A. 04-109, S. 8; 04-189, S. 1; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-3, S. 417.)

      History: 1965 act required notice to be given to chief executive officers and chairmen of planning and zoning commissions of affected towns of application for and issuance of certificates or permits; 1969 act required that like notice be given to commissioner of transportation and that his recommendations be considered by the commission; 1971 act replaced references to water resources commission with references to environmental protection commissioner and added phrase limiting commissioner's power to make and revise regulations, etc.; P.A. 74-79 required notification of owners and lessees of oyster grounds; P.A. 78-102 prohibited use of "fill" without certificate or permit and amended phrase limiting commissioner's regulatory powers by referring to entire section rather than "subdivision (a)"; Sec. 25-7d transferred to Sec. 22a-361 in 1983; P.A. 87-495 amended Subsec. (a) to clarify that permits are required for activity in navigable waters waterward of the high tide line and to require that notice be given to harbor management commission and added Subsec. (b) concerning regulation; P.A. 90-111 deleted existing application procedure, inserted new Subsec. (b) re notification to departments and publication of notice in newspaper, relettered the remaining Subsecs. accordingly and required the regulations to establish application procedures; P.A. 90-231 amended Subsec. (a) to establish a schedule of application fees and to provide that on and after July 1, 1995, such fees shall be prescribed by regulations; P.A. 91-369 restated commissioner's authority to adopt regulations setting the fees required by this section; P.A. 92-162 added Subsec. (d) re general permits for certain minor activities regulated under this section; P.A. 93-381 replaced department of health services with department of public health and addiction services, effective July 1, 1993; P.A. 93-428 amended Subsec. (b) to authorize the commissioner to require the applicant to provide the notice specified in this section, effective July 1, 1993; P.A. 94-85 amended Subsec. (b) to delete a requirement that the commissioner or the permit applicant provide notice of a permit application to each abutting landowner; P.A. 95-218 amended Subsec. (a) to add provisions re mooring areas and resource restoration or enhancement activities; P.A. 95-257 replaced Commissioner and Department of Public Health and Addiction Services with Commissioner and Department of Public Health, effective July 1, 1995; P.A. 96-145 deleted references to repealed Secs. 22a-383 to 22a-390, inclusive, where appearing in Subsec. (c) and added Subsecs. (e), (f) and (g) re removal of sand, gravel or other material from waters of the state (Revisor's note: P.A. 88-230, 90-98, 93-142 and 95-220 authorized substitution of "judicial district of Hartford" for "judicial district of Hartford-New Britain" in public and special acts of the 1996 session of the General Assembly, effective September 1, 1998); P.A. 97-124 amended Subsec. (a) to define and provide for the waiver or reduction of fees for permits under this section for "public access activities", effective June 6, 1997; P.A. 98-63 amended Subsec. (a) to provide for limit on fees for aquaculture activities and to authorize waiver or reduction of fees for experimental activities, demonstration projects and nonprofit academic activities, and added Subsec. (d)(5) re authorization for aquaculture activities; P.A. 03-263 amended Subsec. (b) to include the Attorney General and the Commissioner of Agriculture re those who receive notice of application for a permit and to delineate when a public hearing is required on such application, effective July 9, 2003; June 30 Sp. Sess. P.A. 03-6 amended Subsec. (a) to increase permit application fees and minimum permit application fees by 50% and to delete provisions re amount of fees prescribed by regulation, and amended Subsec. (e) to increase payment to the state for the beneficial or commercial use of materials from $2 to $4 per cubic yard and to delete provisions re amount of fees prescribed by regulation, effective August 20, 2003, and replaced Commissioner and Department of Agriculture with Commissioner and Department of Agriculture and Consumer Protection in Subsec. (b), effective July 1, 2004; P.A. 04-109 amended Subsec. (b) to make a technical change, effective May 21, 2004; P.A. 04-189 repealed Sec. 146 of June 30 Sp. Sess. P.A. 03-6, thereby reversing the merger of the Departments of Agriculture and Consumer Protection, effective June 1, 2004; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-3 amended Subsec. (a) by increasing fees.

      Sec. 22a-363c. Application fee. Each application for a certificate of permission, pursuant to section 22a-363b shall be accompanied by a fee of three hundred seventy-five dollars.

      (P.A. 90-231, S. 14, 28; P.A. 91-369, S. 28, 36; June 30 Sp. Sess. P.A. 03-6, S. 130; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-3, S. 418.)

      History: P.A. 91-369 restated commissioner's authority to adopt regulations setting the fees required by this section; June 30 Sp. Sess. P.A. 03-6 increased application fee from $200 to $300 and deleted provisions re amount of fees prescribed by regulation, effective August 20, 2003; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-3 increased application fee from $300 to $375.

      Sec. 22a-372. Commencement of hearing. Application and documents available for public inspection. Parties to proceedings. Regulations. Fees. (a) The commissioner or the commissioner's designated hearing officer shall commence a hearing on the application at the time, date and location specified in the notification required by subsection (c) of section 22a-371 and may continue the hearing on such additional dates as may be necessary. Notice of the continuance shall be by announcement by the commissioner or the commissioner's designated hearing officer prior to the close of a scheduled session.

      (b) The application and all other documents related to the proceedings shall be available for inspection by the public at the commissioner's office during any business day prior to the close of the hearing.

      (c) The parties to the proceedings shall include: (1) The applicant; (2) each person receiving notice pursuant to subsection (d) of section 22a-371, and (3) such other persons or municipalities as the commissioner or the commissioner's designated hearing officer may deem appropriate at any time prior to the close of the hearing.

      (d) The commissioner shall adopt regulations in accordance with chapter 54 establishing rules of practice and procedures for hearings held pursuant to this section.

      (e) Each application for a permit shall be accompanied by a fee as follows: (1) Withdrawal for consumptive use of more than fifty thousand gallons but less than five hundred thousand gallons in any twenty-four-hour period, two thousand fifty dollars; (2) five hundred thousand gallons or more but less than two million gallons in any twenty-four-hour period, four thousand dollars; (3) two million gallons or more in any twenty-four-hour period, six thousand two hundred fifty dollars; (4) for nonconsumptive uses where the tributary watershed area above the point of diversion is one-half square mile or smaller, two thousand fifty dollars; (5) for nonconsumptive uses where the tributary watershed area above the point of diversion is larger than one-half square mile but smaller than two square miles, four thousand dollars; and (6) for nonconsumptive uses where the tributary watershed area above the point of diversion is two square miles or larger, six thousand two hundred fifty dollars.

      (P.A. 82-402, S. 8, 16; P.A. 90-231, S. 12, 28; P.A. 91-369, S. 29, 36; June 30 Sp. Sess. P.A. 03-6, S. 131; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-3, S. 419.)

      History: P.A. 90-231 added Subsec. (e) re schedule of permit fees; P.A. 91-369 restated commissioner's authority to adopt regulations setting the fees required by this section; June 30 Sp. Sess. P.A. 03-6 amended Subsec. (e) to increase permit application fees by 50% and to delete provisions re amount of fees prescribed by regulation, effective August 20, 2003; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-3 amended Subsec. (e) by increasing fees.

      Sec. 22a-379. Diversion permit. Fee. Each person or municipality holding a diversion permit authorizing a consumptive use of waters of the state shall pay an annual fee of nine hundred forty dollars to the commissioner. The commissioner may adopt regulations, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, to prescribe the amount of the fees required pursuant to this section. Upon the adoption of such regulations, the fees required by this section shall be as prescribed in such regulations.

      (P.A. 90-231, S. 16, 28; P.A. 91-369, S. 30, 36; June 30 Sp. Sess. P.A. 03-6, S. 132; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-3, S. 420.)

      History: P.A. 91-369 restated commissioner's authority to adopt regulations setting the fees required by this section; June 30 Sp. Sess. P.A. 03-6 increased annual fee from $500 to $750, effective August 20, 2003; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-3 increased annual fee from $750 to $940.

      Sec. 22a-381c. Prohibition on purchase of invasive or potentially invasive plants by state agencies. No state agency, department or institution shall purchase any plant listed as invasive or potentially invasive pursuant to section 22a-381b, provided nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit such purchase if such purchase is necessary to honor a state contract in effect as of the date any such plant is listed as invasive or potentially invasive pursuant to section 22a-381b. Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit any state agency, department or institution, or the agents of such agency, department or institution, from transporting any invasive or potentially invasive plant for educational, research or eradication purposes.

      (P.A. 03-136, S. 4; P.A. 09-52, S. 4.)

      History: P.A. 03-136 effective June 26, 2003; P.A. 09-52 added reference to agents of state agency, department or institution and expanded exception to include transport for eradication purposes, effective July 1, 2009.

      Sec. 22a-381d. Prohibited actions re certain invasive plants. Exceptions. Municipal ordinances prohibited. Penalty. (a) Except as provided in subsection (d) of this section and notwithstanding the provisions of any ordinance adopted by a municipality, no person shall import, move, sell, purchase, transplant, cultivate or distribute any of the following invasive plants: (1) Curly leaved Pondweed (Potamogeton crispus); (2) fanwort (Cabomba caroliniana); (3) eurasian water milfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum); (4) variable water milfoil (Myriophyllum heterophyllum); (5) water chestnut (Trapa natans); (6) egeria (Egeria densa); (7) hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata); (8) common barberry (Berberis vulgaris); (9) autumn olive (Elaeagnus umbellata); (10) Bell's honeysuckle (Lonicera xbella); (11) amur honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii); (12) Morrow's honeysuckle (Lonicera morrowii); (13) common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica); (14) multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora); (15) Oriental bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculatus); (16) garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata); (17) narrowleaf bittercress (Cardamine impatiens); (18) spotted knapweed (Centaurea biebersteinii); (19) black swallow-wort (Cynanchum louiseae); (20) pale swallow-wort (Cynanchum rossicum); (21) leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula); (22) Dame's rocket (Hesperis matronalis); (23) perennial pepperweed (Lepidium latifolium); (24) Japanese knotweed (Polygonum cuspidatum); (25) mile-a-minute vine (Polygonum perfoliatum); (26) fig buttercup (Ranunculus ficaria); (27) coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara); (28) Japanese stilt grass (Microstegium vimineum); (29) common reed (Phragmites australis); (30) sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus); (31) princess tree (Paulownia tomentosa); (32) white poplar (Populus alba); (33) false indigo (Amorpha fruticosa); (34) Russian olive (Eleagnus angustifolia); (35) wineberry (Rubus phoenicolasius); (36) kudzu (Pueraria montana); (37) Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense); (38) jimsonweed (Datura stramonium); (39) crested late-summer mint (Elsholtzia ciliata); (40) Cypress spurge (Euphorbia cyparissias); (41) slender snake cotton (Froelichia gracilis); (42) ground ivy (Glechoma hederacea); (43) giant hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum); (44) Japanese hops (Humulus japonicus); (45) ornamental jewelweed (Impatiens glanulifera); (46) common kochia (Kochia scoparia); (47) ragged robin (Lychnis flos-cuculi); (48) Scotch thistle (Onopordum acanthium); (49) bristle knotweed (Polygonum caespitosum); (50) giant knotweed (Polygonum sachalinense); (51) sheep sorrel (Rumex acetosella); (52) ragwort (Senecio jacobaea); (53) cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum); (54) bittersweet nightshade (Solanum dulcamara); (55) garden heliotrope (Valeriana officinalis); (56) hairy jointgrass (Arthraxon hispidus); (57) drooping brome-grass (Bromus tectorum); (58) Japanese sedge (Carex kobomugi); (59) reed managrass (Glyceria maxima); (60) Canada bluegrass (Poa compressa); and (61) tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima).

      (b) Except as provided in subsection (d) of this section and notwithstanding the provisions of any ordinance adopted by a municipality, on or after October 1, 2005, no person shall import, move, sell, purchase, transplant, cultivate or distribute any of the following invasive plants: (1) Purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria); (2) forget-me-not (Myosotis scorpioides); (3) Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica); (4) goutweed (Aegopodium podagraia); (5) flowering rush (Butomus umbellatus); (6) pond water-starwort (Callitriche stagnalis); (7) European waterclover (Marsilea quadrifolia); (8) parrotfeather (Myriophyllum aquaticum); (9) brittle water-nymph (Najas minor); (10) American water lotus (Nelumbo lutea); (11) yellow floating heart (Nymphoides peltata); (12) onerow yellowcress (Rorippa microphylla); (13) watercress (Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum), except for watercress sold for human consumption without its reproductive structure; (14) giant salvinia (Salvinia molesta); (15) yellow iris (Iris pseudacorus); (16) border privet (Ligustrum obtusifolium); (17) tatarian honeysuckle (Lonicera tatarica); (18) dwarf honeysuckle (Lonicera xylosteum); and (19) garden loosetrife (Lysimachia vulgaris).

      (c) Except as provided in subsection (d) of this section, and notwithstanding the provisions of any ordinance adopted by a municipality, no person shall move, import, sell, purchase, transplant, cultivate or distribute any reproductive portion of any invasive plant listed in subsection (a) or (b) of this section. For the purposes of this section, "reproductive portion" includes, but is not limited to, seeds, flowers, roots and tubers.

      (d) The provisions of subsections (a) to (c), inclusive, of this section shall not apply to the moving for eradication, research or educational purposes of any invasive plant listed in subsection (a) or (b) of this section or of any reproductive portion of such an invasive plant or to the cultivating for research purposes of any such plant or reproductive portion.

      (e) From July 1, 2009, until October 1, 2014, no municipality shall adopt any ordinance regarding the retail sale or purchase of any invasive plant.

      (f) Any person who violates the provisions of this section shall be fined not more than one hundred dollars per plant.

      (P.A. 03-136, S. 8; P.A. 04-203, S. 2; P.A. 09-52, S. 3.)

      History: P.A. 03-136 effective June 26, 2003; P.A. 04-203 amended Subsec. (a) to change "possess" to "transplant", to insert new Subdivs. (8) to (61), inclusive, re additional invasive plants, and to make conforming changes, added new Subsec. (b) re prohibition against certain invasive plants on or after October 1, 2005, redesignated existing Subsec. (b) as new Subsec. (c) and amended same to change "May 5, 2004" to "October 1, 2005", and added new Subsec. (d) re penalty provisions repositioned from Subsec. (a) and amended to add "per plant" to such provisions; P.A. 09-52 amended Subsecs. (a) and (b) to reference exception in Subsec. (d), amended Subsec. (b) to delete former Subdiv. (16) re water lettuce and redesignate existing Subdivs. (17) to (20) as Subdivs. (16) to (19), added new Subsecs. (c) and (d) re reproductive portion and exceptions, redesignated existing Subsecs. (c) and (d) as Subsecs. (e) and (f), and amended redesignated Subsec. (e) to change "June 26, 2003" to "July 1, 2009" and "October 1, 2005" to "October 1, 2014", effective July 1, 2009.