REGIONAL GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS

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GOVERNMENT, REGIONAL;


February 26, 2010		2010-R-0072
REGIONAL GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS

By: Ryan F. O'Neil, Research Assistant Mary M. Janicki, Research Analyst

You asked for information on various regional government organizations in Connecticut, including the types of regional entities and their municipal members, the authorization and purpose for each, and the sources of funding.

This report includes the above information on the following regional entities:

1. community action agencies (12 different agencies);

2. counties (8);

3. local health districts (20);

4. regional education service centers (6);

5. regional planning organizations (15), which include:

a. councils of elected officials (2),

b. councils of governments (8), and

c. regional planning agencies (5);

6. regional school districts (17);

7. resource recovery authorities (3);

8. tourism districts (3);

9. water authorities (3);

10. water utility coordinating committees (4); and

11. workforce development boards (5).

We have included a list of organizations for each type of regional district or entity and their revenue sources where available. Unless otherwise noted, the information reported in the tables was taken from the websites of the various agencies, districts, and organizations.

COMMUNITY ACTION AGENCIES (CAA)

Authorization

CGS §§ 17b-885 – 17b-895, inclusive.

Purpose

A CAA is a network of federally designated public or private nonprofit anti-poverty agencies previously designated by and authorized to accept funds from the federal Community Services Administration under the 1964 Economic Opportunity Act or a successor agency established under CGS § 17b-892. Twelve CAAs provide services to Connecticut residents statewide, including:

1. employment and job training,

2. financial literacy and money management,

3. early childhood education and youth development,

4. housing and shelter, and

5. energy assistance.

By law, a CAA's functions are subject to the approval of the commissioner of social services.

Funding

A CAA can:

1. enter into contracts with private and public nonprofit agencies to receive and administer funds,

2. receive and administer funds and contributions from private and local public sources to support community action programs, and

3. receive and administer funds under any federal or state assistance program that allows a nonprofit agency to operate appropriate community action projects.

A CAA, subject to the approval of its governing board, may transfer the funds it receives and delegate powers to other agencies.

Table 1 lists the state's CAAs and the towns in which they are located. Table 2 shows their revenue sources, where available.

Table 1: Community Action Agencies

Action for Bridgeport Community Development

The ACCESS Community Action Agency

Bristol Community Organization

CTE The Community Action Agency Greater Stamford

Community Action Agency of New Haven

Community Action Committee of Danbury

Community Renewal Team

Human Resources Agency of New Britain

Norwalk Economic Opportunity Now

Training, Education And Manpower

New Opportunities

Thames Valley Council for Community Action

Bridgeport

Andover

Plainfield

Bristol

Darien

East Haven

Bethel

Avon

Haddam

New Britain

New Canaan

Ansonia

Barkhamsted

New Hartford

Bozrah

Easton

Ashford

Pomfret

Burlington

Greenwich

Hamden

Bridgewater

Branford

Hartford

Norwalk

Beacon Falls

Berlin

Norfolk

Colchester

Fairfield

Bolton

Putnam

Farmington

Stamford

New Haven

Brookfield

Bloomfield

Killingworth

Weston

Bethany

Bethlehem

Prospect

East Lyme

Monroe

Brooklyn

Scotland

Plainville

North Haven

Canaan

Canton

Madison

Westport

Derby

Cheshire

Southbury

Franklin

Strafford

Canterbury

Somers

Plymouth

West Haven

Cornwall

Chester

Manchester

Wilton

Milford

Colebrook

Southington

Griswold

Trumbull

Chaplin

Stafford

Danbury

Clinton

Marlborough

Orange

Goshen

Thomaston

Groton

Columbia

Sterling

Kent

Cromwell

Middlefield

Oxford

Hartland

Torrington

Lebanon

Coventry

Thompson

New Fairfield

Deep River

Middletown

Seymour

Harwinton

Wallingford

Ledyard

Eastford

Tolland

New Milford

Durham

North Branford

Shelton

Litchfield

Waterbury

Lisbon

Ellington

Union

Newtown

East Granby

Newington

Woodbridge

Meriden

Watertown

Lyme

Hampton

Vernon

North Canaan

East Haddam

Old Saybrook

Middlebury

Winchester

Montville

Hebron

Willington

Redding

East Hampton

Portland

Morris

Wolcott

New London

Killingly

Windham

Ridgefield

East Hartford

Rocky Hill

Naugatuck

Woodbury

North Stonington

Lebanon

Woodstock

Roxbury

East Windsor

Simsbury

Norwich

Mansfield

Salisbury

Enfield

South Windsor

Old Lyme

Sharon

Essex

Suffield

Preston

Sherman

Glastonbury

Westbrook

Salem

Warren

Granby

West Hartford

Sprague

Washington

Guilford

Wethersfield

Stonington

Windsor

Voluntown

Windsor Locks

Waterford

Table 2: Revenue Sources for Community Action Agencies


*Community Renewal Team (2009)*		*Human Resources Agency of New Britain (2008)*
*Source*	*Amount*	*Source*	*Amount*
Grants and Contracts		Intergovernmental:
Federal	$41,506,045	Federal	$11,873,281
State	14,790,165	State	3,564,295
Private Weatherization Program	2,168,623	Local	808,652
Other Revenue	8,114,697	In-kind contributions	971,390
Total	$66,579,530	Fees	946,877
		Total	$18,164,495

FORMER COUNTY GOVERNMENTS

Authorization

Currently, there is no authorization. Repealed by Public Act 152, 1959 and additional, conforming acts enacted in the 1959 and 1961 biennial sessions of the General Assembly.

Purpose

Since 1960, counties in Connecticut exist only as geographical regions, without their own independent government. The duties and functions of the state's eight counties were eliminated by legislation passed in 1959 and 1961. Prior to their elimination, the counties had limited functions. Primarily, they operated jails but also maintained courthouse buildings; inspected weights and measures; resolved disputes over maintenance of roads, highways, and sidewalks; administered certain kinds of trust funds; and contributed financial aid for agricultural extension services, hospitals, and forest fire fighting.

Funding

Currently, there is no authorization. At the time of their abolition, Connecticut's county governments had seven principal revenue sources:

1. an annual levy on towns and cities, called the county tax;

2. a share of the state's unincorporated business tax;

3. liquor manufacturers' and wholesalers' license fees collected by the State Liquor Control Commission;

4. state grants for the boarding of sentenced jail prisoners;

5. town and city payments for jail inmates in adjourned or continued cases;

6. trust funds; and

7. miscellaneous sources such as interest, income from rent or sale of property, and civil defense payments.

Table 3 lists the counties and the towns within them.

Table 3: Counties


*Fairfield*	*Hartford*		*Litchfield*		*Middlesex*	*New Haven*		*New London*	*Tolland*	*Windham*
Bethel	Avon	Hartland	Barkhamsted	Norfolk	Chester	Ansonia	New Haven	Bozrah	Andover	Ashford
Bridgeport	Berlin	Manchester	Bethlehem	North Canaan	Clinton	Beacon Falls	North Branford	Colchester	Bolton	Brooklyn
Brookfield	Bloomfield	Marlborough	Bridgewater	Plymouth	Cromwell	Bethany	North Haven	East Lyme	Columbia	Canterbury
Danbury	Bristol	New Britain	Canaan	Roxbury	Deep River	Branford	Orange	Franklin	Coventry	Chaplin
Darien	Burlington	Newington	Colebrook	Salisbury	Durham	Cheshire	Oxford	Griswold	Ellington	Eastford
Easton	Canton	Plainville	Cornwall	Sharon	East Haddam	Derby	Prospect	Groton	Hebron	Hampton
Fairfield	East Granby	Rocky Hill	Goshen	Thomaston	East Hampton	East Haven	Seymour	Lebanon	Mansfield	Killingly
Greenwich	East Hartford	Simsbury	Harwinton	Torrington	Essex	Guilford	Southbury	Ledyard	Somers	Plainfield
Monroe	East Windsor	South Windsor	Kent	Warren	Haddam	Hamden	Wallingford	Lisbon	Stafford	Pomfret
New Canaan	Enfield	Southington	Litchfield	Washington	Killingworth	Madison	Waterbury	Lyme	Tolland	Putnam
New Fairfield	Farmington	Suffield	Morris	Watertown	Middlefield	Meriden	West Haven	Montville	Union	Scotland
Newtown	Glastonbury	West Hartford	New Hartford	Winchester	Middletown	Middlebury	Wolcott	New London	Vernon	Sterling
Norwalk	Granby	Wethersfield	New Milford	Woodbury	Old Saybrook	Milford	Woodbridge	North Stonington	Willington	Thompson
Redding	Hartford	Windsor			Portland	Naugatuck		Norwich		Windham
Ridgefield		Windsor Locks			Westbrook			Old Lyme		Woodstock
Shelton								Preston
Sherman								Salem
Stamford								Sprague
Stratford								Stonington
Trumbull								Voluntown
Weston								Waterford
Westport
Wilton

Source: Secretary of the State

LOCAL HEALTH DISTRICTS

Authorization

CGS §§ 19a-241 – 19a-246, inclusive.

Purpose

Each public health district board may adopt reasonable rules and regulations for promoting general health within the district consistent with law and the Public Health Code. Each district has the authority to:

1. sue and be sued;

2. make and execute contracts and other instruments necessary or convenient to the exercise of health district powers;

3. make, amend, and repeal bylaws, rules, and regulations;

4. acquire real estate;

5. provide for the financing of the programs, projects, or other district functions; and

6. exercise other powers as are necessary to properly carry out its duties.

Funding

Health districts are funded by member municipality appropriations of at least $1 per capita from tax receipts, annual state reimbursements, and allotments of state or federal funds.

Tables 4 and 5 list the state's local health districts and their revenue sources, where available.

Table 4: Local Health Districts


*Bristol-Burlington*	*Central Connecticut*	*Chatham*	*Chesprocott*	*Connecticut River Area*	*East Shore*
Bristol	Berlin	East Hampton	Cheshire	Clinton	Branford
Burlington	Newington	East Haddam	Prospect	Deep River	East Haven
	Rocky Hill	Haddam	Wolcott	Old Saybrook	North Branford
	Wethersfield	Hebron
		Marlborough
		Portland
*Eastern Highlands*	*Farmington Valley*	*Ledge Light*	*Naugatuck Valley*	*Newtown*	*North Central*
Andover	Avon	East Lyme	Ansonia	Bridgewater	East Windsor
Ashford	Barkhamsted	Groton	Beacon Falls	Newtown	Ellington
Bolton	Canton	Ledyard	Derby	Roxbury	Enfield
Chaplin	Colebrook	New London	Naugatuck		Stafford
Columbia	East Granby	Waterford	Seymour		Suffield
Coventry	Farmington		Shelton		Vernon
Mansfield	Granby				Windham
Scotland	Hartland				Windsor Locks
Tolland	New Hartford
Willington	Simsbury
*Northeast*	*Pomperaug*	*Quinnipiac Valley*	*Torrington Area*		*Trumbull-Monroe*
Brooklyn	Oxford	Bethany	Bethlehem	Salisbury	Monroe
Canterbury	Southbury	Hamden	Canaan	Thomaston	Trumbull
Eastford	Woodbury	North Haven	Cornwall	Torrington
Hampton		Woodbridge	Goshen	Warren
Killingly			Harwinton	Watertown
Plainfield			Kent	Winchester
Pomfret			Litchfield
Putnam			Morris
Sterling			Norfolk
Thompson			North Canaan
Woodstock			Plymouth
*Uncas*	*West Hartford-Bloomfield*	*Weston-Westport*
Bozrah	Bloomfield	Weston
Montville	West Hartford	Westport
Norwich
Sprague

Table 5: Revenue Sources for Central Connecticut and Eastern Highlands Local Health Districts


Central Connecticut Health District (2009)		Eastern Highlands Health District (2010 estimates)
*Source*	*Amount*	*Source*	*Amount*
Town of Berlin Assessment	$81,759	Member Town Contributions	$361,620
Town of Newington Assessment	120,119	State Grant-in-Aid	170,930
Town of Rocky Hill Assessment	76,470	Services Fees	188,890
Town of Wethersfield Assessment	105,791	Total	$721,440
State Per Capita Grant	197,569
State Lead Grant	0
Preventative Health & Health Services Block Grant	14,273
Public Health Preparedness Grant	63,439
Other Grants (Asthma, Dental, Smart Dining)	37,210
Permits and Fees	104,665
Interest Income	18,000
Program Income	1,700
Flu/Pneumonia Income	54,000
Fund Balance Transfer (to) / from	81,795
Total	$956,790

REGIONAL EDUCATION SERVICE CENTERS (RESC)

Authorization

CGS §§ 10-66a et seq.

Purpose

RESCs provide educational services and programs to boards of education so the boards do not have to provide them individually. Among the services RESCs currently provide are certain special education services, teacher and school employee fingerprinting and background checks, and administrative and transportation services for the interdistrict public school attendance program (Open Choice). Some RESCs also operate interdistrict magnet schools. RESCs must be run by boards of directors made up of at least one member representing and designated by each participating board of education.

State law allows a RESC to be established in any of the 15 OPM-designated state planning regions. A minimum of four local boards of education in a region may form a RESC by submitting a plan of organization and operation to the State Board of Education for its approval. The law generally allows only one RESC to be established in each planning region. But if a region has more than 50,000 students, the law allows two RESCs. Regardless of the number of RESCs in a region, each board of education can be a member of only one RESC.

Tables 6 and 7 list the state's RESCs and their revenue sources, where available.

Table 6: Regional Education Support Centers

*Area Cooperative Educational Services*	*Cooperative Educational Services*	*Capitol Region Education Council*	*EASTCONN*	*Education Connection*	*LEARN*
Ansonia	Bridgeport	Avon	Andover	Barkhamsted	Clinton
Bethany	Darien	Berlin	Ashford	Bethel	East Haddam
Branford	Fairfield	Bloomfield	Bozrah	Brookfield	East Hampton
Cheshire	Greenwich	Bolton	Brooklyn	Canaan	East Lyme
Derby	Monroe	Bristol	Canterbury	Colebrook	Groton
East Haven	New Canaan	Burlington	Chaplin	Cornwall	Guilford
Hamden	Norwalk	Canton	Colchester	Danbury	Ledyard
Meriden	Ridgefield	Cromwell	Columbia	Kent	Madison
Milford	Stamford	East Granby	Coventry	Litchfield	Montville
Naugatuck	Stratford	East Hartford	Eastford	New Fairfield	New London
New Haven	Trumbull	East Windsor	Griswold	New Milford	No. Stonington
North Branford	Weston	Ellington	Hampton	Newtown	Norwich
North Haven	Westport	Enfield	Hebron	Norfolk	Old Saybrook
Orange	Wilton	Farmington	Killingly	N. Canaan	Preston
Oxford		Glastonbury	Lebanon	Plymouth	Region 4
Region 5		Granby	Mansfield	Redding	Region 17
Region 13		Hartford	Marlborough	Region 1	Region 18
Region 16		Hartland	Plainfield	Region 6	Salem
Seymour		Harwinton	Pomfret	Region 7	Stonington
Shelton		Manchester	Putnam	Region 12	Waterford
Wallingford		New Britain	Region 8	Region 14	Westbrook
Waterbury		New Hartford	Region 11	Region 15
Wolcott		Newington	Scotland	Salisbury
Woodbridge		Plainville	Sprague	Sharon
West Haven		Portland	Stafford	Sherman
		Rocky Hill	Sterling	Thomaston
		Simsbury	Thompson	Torrington
		Somers	Union	Watertown
		South Windsor	Voluntown	Winsted
		Suffield	Willington
		Vernon	Windham
		West Hartford	Woodstock
		Wethersfield
		Windsor
		Windsor Locks

Table 7: Revenue Sources for Regional Educational Support Centers


*Cooperative Educational Services*		*Capitol Region Education Council*		*EASTCONN*		*Education Connection*		*LEARN*
*Source*	*Amount*	*Source*	*Amount*	*Source*	*Amount*	*Source*	*Amount*	*Source*	*Amount*
School Readiness	$650,124	State Grants	$57,224,861	Local Fee-for-Service Funds	$19,484,839	Local	$10,234,636	Federal	$2,891,142
Administration	2,800,419	Member Board of Education	36,930,427	Competitive Grant Funds	19,095,142	State Grants	7,363,308	State Direct	213,283
Facilities	4,398,611	Other Agencies	54,659,893	RESC Unrestricted Formula Grant	389,697	Federal Grants	2,427,141	State Grant	15,117,946
Professional Development	1,589,021	Federal Grants	655,450	Total	$38,969,678	Federal via State	911,337	Local	9,707,480
Special Education	19,700,478	Total	$149,470,631			Total	$20,936,422	Private Funds	252,320
Transportation	1,724,969							Total	$28,182,171
Special Revenue Funds	3,870,229
Interdistrict Magnet Schools and School Choice	9,088,715
Total	$43,822,566

REGIONAL PLANNING ORGANIZATIONS

The Office of Policy and Management (OPM) must designate local planning regions within the state (CGS § 16a-4a (4)). It has assigned towns to each of 15 designated planning regions, which include every town but Stafford.

Through local ordinance, the municipalities within each of these planning regions have voluntarily created one of the three types of regional planning organizations allowed under Connecticut law to carry out a variety of regional planning and other activities on their behalf: (1) council of elected officials (CEO), (2) council of governments (COG), or (3) regional planning agency (RPA).

Detailed descriptions of each sub-category of planning organization follow.

Councils of elected officials

Authorization. CGS §§ 4-124c – 4-124h, inclusive and ordinances adopted by the municipal members' legislative bodies.

Purpose. A regional council of elected officials is one of three types of regional planning organizations (the others being regional councils of governments and regional planning agencies). CEOs were authorized in 1965 and have all the powers of a regional planning agency or a council of governments if no such entity exists in the region. They are also authorized to consider public matters common to two or more member municipalities (such as transportation, health, safety, welfare, education, and economic conditions of the area); promote cooperative arrangements and coordinate activity among member towns; and make recommendations to member towns and other public agencies.

Funding. CEOs may receive funds from any source, including the state and federal governments, and bequests, gifts, or contributions from any individual, corporation, or association. Any town, city, or borough participating in a CEO must appropriate funds each year to carry out the council's purposes. The funds must be appropriated and paid in accordance with a dues formula established by the council.

Tables 3 and 4 list the state's CEOs and their revenue source, where available.

Table 8: Housatonic Valley and Litchfield Hills Council of Elected Officials

*Housatonic Valley*	*Litchfield Hills*
Bethel	Barkhamsted
Bridgewater	Colebrook
Brookfield	Goshen
Danbury	Hartland
New Fairfield	Harwinton
New Milford	Litchfield
Newtown	Morris
Redding	New Hartford
Ridgefield	Norfolk
Sherman	Torrington
	Winchester

Source: Secretary of the State's website

Table 9: Revenue Sources for Litchfield Hills Council of Elected Officials (2009)

*Source*	*Amount*
State Grant-in-Aid	$0
ConnDOT Grant	83,250
Municipal Dues	55,276
DEMHS Grant	15,000
Other Grants	26,000
Reserve Fund	36,905
Total	$216,431

Councils of governments

Authorization. CGS §§ 4-124i – 4-124r, inclusive and ordinances adopted by the municipal members' legislative bodies.

Purpose. A council of government is one of three types of regional planning organizations (the others being councils of elected officials and regional planning agencies). Authorized in 1971 as a type of regional planning organization structure, COGs replace CEOs or a regional planning agencies in an OPM-defined planning region. COGs carry out the planning duties and responsibilities for the region. This includes preparing the required plan of development and reviewing certain zoning and subdivision matters.

Funding. COGs may receive funds from any source, including the state and federal governments, and bequests, gifts, or contributions from any individual, corporation, or association. Any town, city, or borough participating in a COG must appropriate funds each year for the council to perform its purposes. The funds must be appropriated and paid in accordance with a dues formula established by the council.

Tables 10 and 11 list state's COGs and their revenue source, where available.

Table 10: Councils of Government


*Capitol Planning*		*Central Naugatuck Valley*	*Northeastern Connecticut*	*Northwestern Connecticut*	*South Central*	*Southeastern Connecticut*	*Windham*	*Valley*
Andover	Manchester	Beacon Falls	Brooklyn	Canaan	Bethany	Bozrah	Ashford	Ansonia
Avon	Marlborough	Bethlehem	Canterbury	Cornwall	Branford	Colchester	Chaplin	Derby
Bloomfield	Newington	Cheshire	Eastford	Kent	East Haven	East Lyme	Columbia	Seymour
Bolton	Rocky Hill	Middlebury	Killingly	North Canaan	Guilford	Franklin	Coventry	Shelton
Canton	Simsbury	Naugatuck	Plainfield	Roxbury	Hamden	Griswold	Hampton
East Granby	Somers	Oxford	Pomfret	Salisbury	Madison	Groton	Lebanon
East Hartford	South Windsor	Prospect	Putnam	Sharon	Meriden	Ledyard	Mansfield
East Windsor	Suffield	Southbury	Sterling	Warren	Milford	Lisbon	Scotland
Ellington	Tolland	Thomaston	Thompson	Washington	New Haven	Montville	Willington
Enfield	Vernon	Waterbury	Union		N. Branford	New London	Windham
Farmington	West Hartford	Watertown	Woodstock		North Haven	N. Stonington
Glastonbury	Wethersfield	Wolcott			Orange	Norwich
Granby	Windsor	Woodbury			Wallingford	Preston
Hartford	Windsor Locks				West Haven	Salem
Hebron					Woodbridge	Sprague
						Stonington
Source: Secretary of the State						Voluntown

Table 11: Revenue Sources for Capital and Central Naugatuck Councils of Government


*Capital (2009)*		*Central Naugatuck Valley (2008)*
*Source*	*Amount*	*Source*	*Amount*
Local	$515,455	Federal	$9,430,649
Contract/fee for service	508,515	State	154,528
Federal	1,418,360	Other Government Agencies (towns)	195,174
State	217,885	Misc.	12,206
Total	$2,660,215	Total	$9,792,557

Regional planning agencies (RPA)

Authorization. CGS §§ 16a-4a; 8-31a – 8-37a, inclusive; and ordinances adopted by the municipal members' legislative bodies.

Purpose. Each RPA must prepare a plan of conservation and development for its area (regarding land use, housing, highways, parks, schools, etc.) at least once every 10 years and revise it at least every three years. The adoption and review process for such plans includes developing recommendations for an original plan or amendments to an existing plan; holding public hearings; addressing voting requirements; and distributing the plan, part, or amendment to the member municipalities and OPM. An RPA also assists public and private agencies in developing and complying with any of its plans. It is authorized to provide administrative, management, technical, or planning assistance to municipalities or other public agencies within its region.

RPAs may also study and recommend to member towns the most efficient and economical way to develop and operate facilities and services.

Funding. RPAs may receive funds from any source, including the state and federal governments, and bequests, gifts, or contributions made by any individual, corporation, or association. Any town, city or borough participating in a regional planning agency must appropriate funds each year for the RPA to perform its purposes. The funds must be appropriated and paid in accordance with a dues formula established by the RPA.

Tables 12 and 13 list the state's RPAs and their revenue sources, where available.

Table 12: Regional Planning Agencies

*Central Connecticut*	*Connecticut River Estuary*	*Greater Bridgeport*	*Midstate*	*Southwestern*
Berlin	Chester	Bridgeport	Cromwell	Darien
Bristol	Clinton	Easton	Durham	Greenwich
Burlington	Deep River	Fairfield	East Haddam	New Canaan
New Britain	Essex	Monroe	East Hampton	Norwalk
Plainville	Killingworth	Stratford	Haddam	Stamford
Plymouth	Lyme	Trumbull	Middlefield	Weston
Southington	Old Lyme		Middletown	Westport
	Old Saybrook		Portland	Wilton
	Westbrook

Table 13: Revenue Sources of Regional Planning Agencies


*Central Connecticut (2008)*		*Connecticut River Estuary (2009)*		Greater Bridgeport (2009)
*Source*	*Amount*	*Source*	*Amount*	*Source*	*Amount*
State	$561,349	Investment/Miscellaneous	$4,500	Transportation Planning	$727,231
ADA Paratransit Service	921,216	State Grant in Aid	68,000	State Grant-In-Aid	12,339
Member Municipalities	88,000	Town Dues	124,200	Local	80,215
Municipalities (Capital Region Purchasing Council) Dues	3,500	Town Services	20,000	Total	$819,785
Municipalities (Comprehensive Economic Development Strategy) Dues	5,805	Domestic Preparedness	0
Other	7,977	Recycling/HHW Ops	76,732
Total	$1,587,847	Gateway Commission	53,000
		Transportation	240,508
		Other Grants	3,000
		Total	$589,940

REGIONAL SCHOOL DISTRICTS

Authorization

CGS §§ 10-39 et seq.

Purpose

Towns may vote to approve an agreement establishing a regional school district to share a common board of education. The procedure involves several steps, including the establishment of a temporary regional study committee, funding the study, reporting committee's findings and recommendations, review and approval from the State Board of Education, and simultaneous referenda in each participating town.

(State law also allows boards of education to form more informal cooperative arrangements that require less of a commitment in order to provide a particular function, service, or activity, such as, a specialized teacher or sports team.)

Funding

Sources include member towns' local property taxes and their Education Cost Sharing (ECS) grants and state and federal categorical grants (for programs including special education, transportation, breakfast, health services, school readiness, and early reading).

Tables 14 and 15 list the state's regional school districts and their revenue sources, where available.

Table 14: Regional School Districts

*Region 1*	*Region 4*	*Region 5*	*Region 6*	*Region 7*	*Region 8*
Canaan	Chester	Bethany	Goshen	Barkhamsted	Andover
Cornwall	Deep River	Orange	Morris	Colebrook	Hebron
Kent	Essex	Woodbridge	Warren	New Hartford	Marlborough
North Canaan				Norfolk
Salisbury
Sharon

*Region 9*	*Region 10*	*Region 11*	*Region 12*	*Region 13*	*Region 14*
Easton	Burlington	Chaplin	Bridgewater	Durham	Bethlehem
Redding	Harwinton	Hampton	Roxbury	Middlefield	Woodbury
		Scotland		Washington

*Region 15*	*Region 16*	*Region 17*	*Region 18*	*Region 19*
Middlebury	Beacon Falls	Haddam	Lyme	Ashford
Southbury	Prospect	Killingworth	Old Lyme	Mansfield
				Willington

Note: There is no Regional School District 2 or 3.

Table 15: Revenue Sources for Regional School Districts (2009 unless otherwise noted)


*Region 14*		*Region 15*		*Region 16*		*Region 18 (est. 09-10)*		*Region 19*
*Source*	*Amount*	*Source*	*Amount*	*Source*	*Amount*	*Source*	*Amount*	*Source*	*Amount*
Miscellaneous	$1,831,610	Total from towns	$57,897,060	Beacon Falls ECS Grant	$4,044,804	Classroom rental	$1,974	Transportation Grant	$280,500
State Grants	645,906	Investment	75,000	Beacon Falls Taxes	8,611,143	Earned on Interest Bearing Accounts	29,603	Agriculture Education Grant	447,550
State Building Grants	547,046	Special Education tuition	35,000	Prospect ECS Grant	5,319,201	ECS/Consolidated Grant	751,142	Agriculture Education Tuition	139,050
Total ECS Grant	2,194,189	Blind tuition	20,000	Prospect Taxes	14,140,840	Transportation	0	Special Education Tuition	60,000
Total	$5,218,751	Miscellaneous income	10,000	Use of School Collected Fees	23,500	Federal grants	355,955	Interest, Other income	20,000
		Income from surplus	50,000	State reimbursement for construction	2,447,044	Total	$1,138,674	Member Town Contributions	17,366,670
		Total local sources	190,000	Carry over	600,000			Total	$18,313,770
		Transportation grant	250,000	State Grants	704,453
		Adult education grant	0	Interest Income	50,000
		Total state sources	250,000	Total	$35,940,985
		Total	$58,980,865

RESOURCE RECOVERY AUTHORITIES

Authorization

CGS §§ 7-273aa – 7-273oo, inclusive.

Purpose

Resource recovery authorities are established by the charter or ordinance of member municipalities to develop and maintain comprehensive waste management and recycling programs.

Funding

Revenue sources include (1) user fees for municipal solid waste tipped at an authority-sponsored transfer station, (2) administrative fees for processing recyclables, (3) hauler permit fees, and (4) grants.

Tables 16 and 17 list the state's resource recovery authorities and their revenue sources, where available.

Table 16: Resource Recovery Authorities


*Housatonic Resources Recovery Authority (HRRA)*	*Southeastern Conn. Regional Resources Recovery Authority (SCRRRA)*	*Connecticut Resource Recovery Authority (CRRA)*
Bethel	Griswold	Avon	Granby	Old Saybrook
Bridgewater	Groton	Barkhamsted	Greenwich	Orange
Brookfield	Ledyard	Beacon Falls	Griswold	Oxford
Danbury	Montville	Bethany	Groton	Portland
Kent	New London	Bethlehem	Guilford	Preston
New Fairfield	North Stonington	Bloomfield	Haddam	Rocky Hill
New Milford	Norwich	Bolton	Hamden	Roxbury
Newtown	Preston	Bozrah	Hartford	Salem
Redding	Sprague	Bridgeport	Harwinton	Salisbury
Ridgefield	Stonington	Canaan	Hebron	Sharon
Sherman	Waterford	Canton	Killingworth	Shelton
		Cheshire	Ledyard	Simsbury
		Chester	Litchfield	South Windsor
		Clinton	Lyme	Southbury
		Colebrook	Madison	Sprague
		Cornwall	Manchester	Stonington
		Coventry	Marlborough	Stratford
		Cromwell	Meriden	Suffield
		Deep River	Middlebury	Thomaston
		Durham	Middlefield	Tolland
		East Granby	Milford	Torrington
		East Hampton	Monroe	Trumbull
		East Hartford	Montville	Vernon
		East Haven	Naugatuck	Wallingford
		East Lyme	New Hartford	Waterbury
		East Windsor	New London	Waterford
		Easton	Newington	Watertown
		Ellington	Norfolk	West Hartford
		Enfield	North Branford	Westbrook
		Essex	North Canaan	Westport
		Fairfield	North Haven	Wethersfield
		Farmington	North Stonington	Winchester
		Glastonbury	Norwich	Windsor Locks
		Goshen	Old Lyme	Woodbridge
				Woodbury

Table 17: Revenue Sources for Resource Recovery Authorities (2009)


*Housatonic Resources Recovery Authority (HRRA)*		*Connecticut Resources Recovery Authority (CRRA)*
*Source*	*Amount*	*Source*	*Amount*
Charges for services - User fees	$304,526	Service Charges
Intergovernmental	89,925	Members	$77,236,000
Investment earnings	3,548	Others	26,838,000
Miscellaneous	14,300	Energy Sales	54,568,000
Total	$412,299	Ash Disposal	2,511,000
		Other Operating Revenue	10,550,000
		Total	$171,703,000

TOURISM DISTRICTS

Authorization

CGS § 10-397

Purpose

The state's three regional tourism districts must promote and market the districts as regional leisure and business traveler destinations to stimulate economic growth.

Funding

In addition to receiving state appropriations through the Connecticut Commission on Culture and Tourism, each regional tourism district may accept and must solicit private funds for the promotion of tourism within its towns and cities. They can also coordinate activities with any private nonprofit tourist association within the district and the state that promotes tourism industry businesses in this state.

Table 18 lists the state's tourism districts and the towns within them.

Table 18: Tourism Districts


*Eastern*				*Central*
Ashford	Killingly		Putnam	Andover		Essex		Old Saybrook
Bozrah	Lebanon		Salem	Avon		Farmington		Orange
Brooklyn	Ledyard		Scotland	Berlin		Glastonbury		Plainville
Canterbury	Lisbon		Sprague	Bethany		Granby		Portland
Chaplin	Lyme		Sterling	Bloomfield		Guilford		Rocky Hill
Colchester	Mansfield		Stonington	Bolton		Haddam		Simsbury
Columbia	Montville		Thompson	Branford		Hamden		Somers
Coventry	New London		Union	Canton		Hartford		South Windsor
East Lyme	North Stonington		Voluntown	Cheshire		Hebron		Southington
Eastford	Norwich		Waterford	Chester		Killingworth		Stafford
Franklin	Old Lyme		Willington	Clinton		Madison		Suffield
Griswold	Plainfield		Windham	Cromwell		Manchester		Tolland
Groton	Pomfret		Woodstock	Deep River		Marlborough		Vernon
Hampton	Preston			Durham		Meriden		Wallingford
				East Granby		Middlefield		West Hartford
				East Haddam		Middletown		West Haven
				East Hampton		Milford		Westbrook
				East Hartford		New Britain		Wethersfield
				East Haven		New Haven		Windsor
				East Windsor		Newington		Windsor Locks
				Ellington		North Branford		Woodbridge
				Enfield		North Haven
*Western*
Ansonia	Colebrook	Kent			Norfolk	Sherman	Weston
Barkhamsted	Cornwall	Litchfield			Oxford	Southbury	Westport
Beacon Falls	Danbury	Middlebury			Plymouth	Stamford	Wilton
Bethel	Darien	Monroe			Prospect	Stratford	Winchester
Bethlehem	Derby	Morris			Redding	Thomaston	Wolcott
Bridgeport	Easton	Naugatuck			Ridgefield	Torrington	Woodbury
Bridgewater	Fairfield	New Canaan			Roxbury	Trumbull
Bristol	Goshen	New Fairfield			Salisbury	Warren
Brookfield	Greenwich	New Hartford			Seymour	Washington
Burlington	Hartland	New Milford			Sharon	Waterbury
Canaan	Harwinton	Newtown			Shelton	Watertown

Source: Secretary of the State

WATER AUTHORITIES

Authorization

There are three water authorities in the state.

The Metropolitan District Commission (MDC) was authorized by No. 511 of the 1929 Special Acts, as amended from time to time

The South Central Connecticut Regional Water Authority was authorized by Special Act 77-98, as amended from time to time.

The Southeastern Connecticut Water Authority was authorized by No. 381 of the 1967 Special Acts, as amended from time to time.

Purpose

MDC is chartered by the state to provide potable water and sewerage services on a regional basis.

The South Central Connecticut Regional Water Authority and Southeastern Connecticut Water Authority were also created by special acts primarily to provide an adequate supply of pure water and safe of wastewater disposal at a reasonable cost within each district.

The two authorities also are permitted to:

1. serve other areas that may be served under cooperative agreements and authorized acquisitions and

2. advance water conservation and the conservation and compatible recreational use of land held by each authority.

Funding

Funding sources include fees for water use by residential and business customers. MDC also collects revenue for sewer usage.

Tables 19 and 20 list the state's water authorities and their revenue sources, where available.

Table 19: Water Authorities

*South Central Regional Water Authority*	*Southeastern Connecticut Water Authority*	*Metropolitan District Commission*
Ansonia	Ledyard	Bloomfield
Beacon Falls	Montville	East Hartford
Bethany	North Stonington	Hartford
Branford	Stonington	Newington
Cheshire		Rocky Hill
Derby		West Hartford
East Haven		Wethersfield
Guilford		Windsor
Hamden
Killingworth
Madison
Milford
New Haven
North Branford
North Haven
Orange
Prospect
Seymour
West Haven
Woodbridge

Table 20: Revenue Sources for Water Authorities


*South Central Regional Water Authority (2009)*		*Metropolitan District Commission (2008)*
*Source*	*Amount*	*Source*	*Amount*
Water	$72,093,000	Water services	$56,753,810
Other	9,253,000	Taxation - member towns	32,670,177
Total	$81,346,000	Assessments	1,387,523
		Sewer user fees	10,837,597
		Intergovernmental revenue	16,657,569
		Investment income	890,911
		Other local revenue	2,967,692
		Total	$122,165,279

WATER UTILITY COORDINATING COMMITTEES

Authorization

CGS §§ 25-33e – 25-33j, inclusive

Purpose

The commissioner of public health must delineate the boundaries for public water supply management areas and establish a water utility coordinating committee for each. The committees must develop a preliminary assessment of water supply conditions and problems within each management area and prepare a coordinated water system plan. The plan promotes cooperation among public water systems.

Table 21 lists the state's water utility coordinating committees and the towns within them.

Table 21: Water Utility Coordinating Committees

*Upper Connecticut River*	*Southeastern Connecticut*	*South Central*	*Housatonic*
Avon	Bozrah	Ansonia	Bethel
Barkhamstead	Colchester	Beacon Falls	Bridgewater
Berlin	East Haddam	Bethany	Brookfield
Bloomfield	East Hampton	Branford	Danbury
Bristol	East Lyme	Cheshire	New Fairfield
Burlington	Franklin	Chester	New Milford
Colebrook	Griswold	Clinton	Newtown
East Granby	Groton	Cromwell	Ridgefield
East Hartford	Hebron	Deep River	Roxbury
East Windsor	Lebanon	Derby	Sherman
Ellington	Ledyard	Durham	Southbury
Enfield	Lisbon	East Haven	Woodbury
Farmington	Lyme	Essex
Glastonbury	Montville	Guilford
Granby	North Stonington	Haddam
Hartford	Norwich	Hamden
Hartland	Old Lyme	Killingworth
Harwinton	Preston	Madison
Manchester	Salem	Meriden
New Britain	Sprague	Middlefield
New Hartford	Stonington	Middletown
Rocky Hill	Voluntown	Milford
Simsbury	Waterford	Naugatuck
Somers		New Haven
South Windsor		North Branford
Southington		North Haven
Suffield		Old Saybrook
Vernon		Orange
West Hartford		Oxford
Windsor		Portland
Windsor Locks		Prospect
		Seymour
		Wallingford
		West Haven
		Westbrook
		Woodbridge

Source: Department Of Public Health

WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT BOARDS

Authorization

CGS § 31-3j to 31-3r, inclusive

Purpose

In 1992, the General Assembly established regional workforce development boards to replace the private industry councils that monitored job training programs under the federal Job Training Partnership Act. The boards assess regional needs, develop plans, select program providers, oversee programs, negotiate performance measures, and promote private sector involvement within the region.

Funding

Federal Workforce Investment Act funds are distributed through the state Department of Labor to the five regional boards.

Table 22 lists the state's workforce development boards and the towns within them.

Table 22: Workforce Development Boards


*Capital Workforce Partners*		*Northwest Regional Workforce Investment Board*		*Workforce Alliance*		*The Workplace*	*Eastern Connecticut Workforce Investment Board*
Andover	New Britain	Barkhamsted	New Hartford	Bethany	Madison	Ansonia	Ashford	Montville
Avon	Newington	Bethlehem	Naugatuck	Branford	Meriden	Beacon Falls	Bozrah	New London
Berlin	Plainville	Bethel	Norfolk	Chester	Middlefield	Bridgeport	Brooklyn	North Stonington
Bloomfield	Plymouth	Bridgewater	North Canaan	Clinton	Middletown	Darien	Canterbury	Norwich
Bolton	Rocky Hill	Brookfield	Prospect	Cromwell	Milford	Derby	Chaplin	Old Lyme
Bristol	Simsbury	Canaan	Redding	Deep River	New Haven	Easton	Colchester	Plainfield
Burlington	Somers	Cheshire	Ridgefield	Durham	North Branford	Fairfield	Columbia	Pomfret
Canton	South Windsor	Colebrook	Roxbury	East Haddam	North Haven	Greenwich	Coventry	Preston
East Granby	Southington	Cornwall	Salisbury	East Hampton	Old Saybrook	Monroe	East Lyme	Putnam
East Hartford	Stafford	Danbury	Sharon	East Haven	Orange	New Canaan	Eastford	Salem
East Windsor	Suffield	Goshen	Sherman	Essex	Portland	Norwalk	Franklin	Scotland
Ellington	Tolland	Hartland	Southbury	Guilford	Wallingford	Oxford	Griswold	Sprague
Enfield	Vernon	Harwinton	Thomaston	Haddam	West Haven	Seymour	Groton	Sterling
Farmington	West Hartford	Kent	Torrington	Hamden	Westbrook	Shelton	Hampton	Stonington
Glastonbury	Wethersfield	Litchfield	Warren	Killingworth	Woodbridge	Stamford	Killingly	Thompson
Granby	Windsor	Middlebury	Washington			Stratford	Lebanon	Union
Hartford	Windsor Locks	Morris	Waterbury			Trumbull	Ledyard	Voluntown
Hebron		Newtown	Watertown			Weston	Lisbon	Waterford
Manchester		New Fairfield	Winchester			Westport	Lyme	Willington
Marlborough		New Milford	Winsted			Wilton	Mansfield	Windham
			Wolcott					Woodstock
			Woodbury

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