CHAPTER 295
ENERGY PLANNING

      Sec. 16a-2. Definitions. As used in this chapter and sections 16a-45a, 16a-46, 16a-46a and 16a-46b:

      (a) "Office" means the Office of Policy and Management;

      (b) "Board" means the Connecticut Energy Advisory Board;

      (c) "Secretary" means the Secretary of the Office of Policy and Management;

      (d) "Energy" means work or heat that is, or may be, produced from any fuel or source whatsoever;

      (e) "Energy emergency" means a situation where the health, safety or welfare of the citizens of the state is threatened by an actual or impending acute shortage in usable energy resources;

      (f) "Energy resource" means natural gas, petroleum products, coal and coal products, wood fuels, geothermal sources, radioactive materials and any other resource yielding energy;

      (g) "Person" means any individual, firm, partnership, association, syndicate, company, trust, corporation, limited liability company, municipality, agency or political or administrative subdivision of the state, or other legal entity of any kind;

      (h) "Service area" means any geographic area serviced by the same energy-producing public service company, as defined in section 16-1;

      (i) "Renewable resource" means solar, wind, water, wood or other biomass source of energy and geothermal energy;

      (j) "Energy-related products" means (1) energy systems and equipment that utilize renewable resources to provide space heating or cooling, water heating, electricity or other useful energy, (2) insulation materials, and (3) equipment designed to conserve energy or increase the efficiency of its use, including that used for residential, commercial, industrial and transportation purposes;

      (k) "Energy-related services" means (1) the design, construction, installation, inspection, maintenance, adjustment or repair of energy-related products, (2) inspection, adjustment, maintenance or repair of any conventional energy system, (3) the performance of energy audits or the provision of energy management consulting services, and (4) weatherization activities carried out under any federal, state or municipal program;

      (l) "Conventional energy system" means any system for supplying space heating or cooling, ventilation or domestic or commercial hot water which is not included in subdivision (1) of subsection (j) of this section;

      (m) "Energy supply" means any energy resource capable of being used to perform useful work and any form of energy such as electricity produced or derived from energy resources which may be so used; and

      (n) "Energy facility" means a structure that generates, transmits or stores electricity, natural gas, refined petroleum products, renewable fuels, coal and coal products, wood fuels, geothermal sources, radioactive material and other resources yielding energy.

      (P.A. 74-285, S. 2, 20; P.A. 75-537, S. 1, 55; P.A. 77-614, S. 41, 610; P.A. 79-576, S. 1, 7; P.A. 82-231, S. 2, 8; P.A. 95-79, S. 54, 189; P.A. 07-242, S. 76.)

      History: P.A. 75-537 replaced Connecticut energy agency and its administrator with department and commissioner of planning and energy policy; P.A. 77-614 replaced department and commissioner of planning and energy policy with office of policy and management and its secretary; P.A. 79-576 added Subdivs. (i) to (l) defining "renewable resource", "energy-related products", "energy-related services", and "conventional energy system"; P.A. 82-231 deleted electricity from definition of "energy resource", added geothermal energy to definition of "renewable resource", defined "energy supply" and applied all definitions under this section to Secs. 16a-45a, 16a-46, 16a-46a and 16a-46b; P.A. 95-79 redefined "person" to include a limited liability company, effective May 31, 1995; P.A. 07-242 added Subdiv. (n) defining "energy facility", effective June 4, 2007.

      Sec. 16a-3. Connecticut Energy Advisory Board. (a) There is established a Connecticut Energy Advisory Board consisting of fifteen members, including the Commissioner of Environmental Protection, the chairperson of the Public Utilities Control Authority, the Commissioner of Transportation, the Consumer Counsel, the Commissioner of Agriculture, and the Secretary of the Office of Policy and Management, or their respective designees. The Governor shall appoint a representative of an environmental organization knowledgeable in energy efficiency programs, a representative of a consumer advocacy organization and a representative of a state-wide business association. The president pro tempore of the Senate shall appoint a representative of a chamber of commerce, a representative of a state-wide manufacturing association and a member of the public considered to be an expert in electricity, generation, procurement or conservation programs. The speaker of the House of Representatives shall appoint a representative of low-income ratepayers, a representative of state residents, in general, with expertise in energy issues and a member of the public considered to be an expert in electricity, generation, procurement or conservation programs. All appointed members shall serve in accordance with section 4-1a. No appointee may be employed by, or a consultant of, a public service company, as defined in section 16-1, or an electric supplier, as defined in section 16-1, or an affiliate or subsidiary of such company or supplier.

      (b) The board shall (1) represent the state in regional energy system planning processes conducted by the regional independent system operator, as defined in section 16-1; (2) encourage representatives from the municipalities that are affected by a proposed project of regional significance to participate in regional energy system planning processes conducted by the regional independent system operator; (3) participate in a forecast proceeding conducted pursuant to subsection (a) of section 16-50r; (4) participate in a life-cycle proceeding conducted pursuant to subsection (b) of section 16-50r; and (5) review the procurement plan submitted by the electric distribution companies pursuant to section 16a-3a.

      (c) The board shall elect a chairman and a vice-chairman from among its members and shall adopt such rules of procedure as are necessary to carry out its functions.

      (d) The board shall convene its first meeting not later than September 1, 2003. A quorum of the board shall consist of two-thirds of the members currently serving on the board.

      (e) The board shall employ such staff as is required for the proper discharge of its duties. The board may also retain any third-party consultants it deems necessary to accomplish the goals set forth in subsection (b) of this section. The board shall annually submit to the Department of Public Utility Control a proposal regarding the level of funding required for the discharge of its duties, which proposal shall be approved by the department either as submitted or as modified by the department.

      (f) The Connecticut Energy Advisory Board shall be within the Office of Policy and Management for administrative purposes only.

      (P.A. 74-285, S. 3, 4, 20; P.A. 76-337; P.A. 77-614, S. 56, 162, 284, 587, 610; P.A. 78-303, S. 85, 136; P.A. 83-487, S. 8, 33; P.A. 86-187, S. 8, 10; P.A. 87-496, S. 73, 110; P.A. 95-250, S. 20, 42; 95-309, S. 11, 12; P.A. 96-211, S. 1, 5, 6; P.A. 03-140, S. 16; June 30 Sp. Sess. P.A. 03-6, S. 146(h); P.A. 04-189, S. 1; P.A. 07-242, S. 53.)

      History: P.A. 76-337 increased members from 13 to 14, replaced "chairman" with "chairperson", added chairperson of power facility evaluation council as fourteenth member, replaced public utilities commission with public utilities control authority as called for in P.A. 75-486 and required that one gubernatorial appointee be representative of organized labor; P.A. 77-614 and P.A. 78-303 replaced public utilities control authority with division of public utility control within the department of business regulation and commissioner of commerce with commissioner of economic development, effective January 1, 1979, and added Subsec. (c) placing board within office of policy and management for administrative purposes; P.A. 83-487 added commissioners of housing, administrative services and transportation to board and specified duties of board in new Subsec. (b), relettering previous Subsecs. (b) and (c) accordingly; P.A. 86-187 replaced power facility evaluation council with Connecticut siting council in Subsec. (a); P.A. 87-496 substituted "public works" for "administrative services" commissioner in Subsec. (a); P.A. 95-250 and P.A. 96-211 amended Subsec. (a) to reduce the number of board members from 17 to 16 and to replace the Commissioners of Economic Development and Housing with the Commissioner of Economic and Community Development; P.A. 95-309 changed effective date of P.A. 95-250 but did not affect this section; P.A. 03-140 amended Subsec. (a) to decrease membership from 16 to 9, to remove the Commissioner of Economic and Community Development, the chairperson of the Connecticut Siting Council and the Commissioner of Public Works from the board, to add the Consumer Counsel, the Commissioner of Agriculture and the Secretary of the Office of Policy and Management to the board, to reduce the Governor's appointments from four members to one member, to reduce the president pro tempore's and the speaker's appointments from three members to one member, to make a technical change and to add prohibition re appointees who are employed by or consultants of public service companies or electric suppliers or their affiliates or subsidiaries, amended Subsec. (b) to replace former provisions re board's duties with Subdivs. (1) to (7), inclusive, re board's duties, amended Subsec. (c) to delete provision re compensation for performance of official duties, redesignated existing Subsec. (d) as Subsec. (f), added new Subsec. (d) re convening the board's first meeting, and added new Subsec. (e) re employment of staff, effective July 1, 2003; June 30 Sp. Sess. P.A. 03-6 replaced Commissioner of Agriculture with Commissioner of Agriculture and Consumer Protection, effective July 1, 2004; P.A. 04-189 repealed Sec. 146 of June 30 Sp. Sess. P.A. 03-6, thereby reversing the merger of the Departments of Agriculture and Consumer Protection, effective June 1, 2004; P.A. 07-242 amended Subsec. (a) to increase board membership from 9 to 15 members by adding representatives of an environmental organization knowledgeable in energy efficiency programs, a consumer advocacy organization, a state-wide business association, a chamber of commerce, a state-wide manufacturing association, low-income ratepayers, state residents with expertise in energy issues, and the public considered to be expert in electricity, generation, procurement or conservation programs, amended Subsec. (b) to delete former Subdivs. (1) re preparing annual report, (4) re issuing request for proposals and (5) re evaluating proposals, redesignate existing Subdivs. (2), (3), (6) and (7) as Subdivs. (1) to (4) and add new Subdiv. (5) re reviewing procurement plan and amended Subsec. (e) to allow board to retain third-party consultants, effective June 4, 2007.

      Sec. 16a-3a. Comprehensive plan for energy resource procurement. (a) The electric distribution companies, in consultation with the Connecticut Energy Advisory Board, established pursuant to section 16a-3, shall review the state's energy and capacity resource assessment and develop a comprehensive plan for the procurement of energy resources, including, but not limited to, conventional and renewable generating facilities, energy efficiency, load management, demand response, combined heat and power facilities, distributed generation and other emerging energy technologies to meet the projected requirements of their customers in a manner that minimizes the cost of such resources to customers over time and maximizes consumer benefits consistent with the state's environmental goals and standards.

      (b) On or before January 1, 2008, and annually thereafter, the companies shall submit to the Connecticut Energy Advisory Board an assessment of (1) the energy and capacity requirements of customers for the next three, five and ten years, (2) the manner of how best to eliminate growth in electric demand, (3) how best to level electric demand in the state by reducing peak demand and shifting demand to off-peak periods, (4) the impact of current and projected environmental standards, including, but not limited to, those related to greenhouse gas emissions and the federal Clean Air Act goals and how different resources could help achieve those standards and goals, (5) energy security and economic risks associated with potential energy resources, and (6) the estimated lifetime cost and availability of potential energy resources.

      (c) Resource needs shall first be met through all available energy efficiency and demand reduction resources that are cost-effective, reliable and feasible. The projected customer cost impact of any demand-side resources considered pursuant to this subsection shall be reviewed on an equitable bases with nondemand-side resources. The procurement plan shall specify (1) the total amount of energy and capacity resources needed to meet the requirements of all customers, (2) the extent to which demand-side measures, including efficiency, conservation, demand response and load management can cost-effectively meet these needs, (3) needs for generating capacity and transmission and distribution improvements, (4) how the development of such resources will reduce and stabilize the costs of electricity to consumers, and (5) the manner in which each of the proposed resources should be procured, including the optimal contract periods for various resources.

      (d) The procurement plan shall consider: (1) Approaches to maximizing the impact of demand-side measures; (2) the extent to which generation needs can be met by renewable and combined heat and power facilities; (3) the optimization of the use of generation sites and generation portfolio existing within the state; (4) fuel types, diversity, availability, firmness of supply and security and environmental impacts thereof, including impacts on meeting the state's greenhouse gas emission goals; (5) reliability, peak load and energy forecasts, system contingencies and existing resource availabilities; (6) import limitations and the appropriate reliance on such imports; and (7) the impact of the procurement plan on the costs of electric customers.

      (e) The board, in consultation with the regional independent system operator, shall review and approve or review, modify and approve the proposed procurement plan as submitted not later than one hundred twenty days after receipt. For calendar years 2009 and thereafter, the board shall conduct such review not later than sixty days after receipt. For the purpose of reviewing the plan, the Commissioners of Transportation and Agriculture and the chairperson of the Public Utilities Control Authority, or their respective designees, shall not participate as members of the board. The electric distribution companies shall provide any additional information requested by the board that is relevant to the consideration of the procurement plan. In the course of conducting such review, the board shall conduct a public hearing, may retain the services of a third-party entity with experience in the area of energy procurement and may consult with the regional independent system operator. The board shall submit the reviewed procurement plan, together with a statement of any unresolved issues, to the Department of Public Utility Control. The department shall consider the procurement plan in an uncontested proceeding and shall conduct a hearing and provide an opportunity for interested parties to submit comments regarding the procurement plan. Not later than one hundred twenty days after submission of the procurement plan, the department shall approve, or modify and approve, the procurement plan. For calendar years 2009 and thereafter, the department shall approve, or modify and approve, said procurement plan not later than sixty days after submission.

      (f) On or before September 30, 2009, and every two years thereafter, the Department of Public Utility Control shall report to the joint standing committees of the General Assembly having cognizance of matters relating to energy and the environment regarding goals established and progress toward implementation of the procurement plan established pursuant to this section, as well as any recommendations for the process.

      (g) All electric distribution companies' costs associated with the development of the resource assessment and the development of the procurement plan shall be recoverable through the systems benefits charge.

      (P.A. 07-242, S. 51.)

      History: P.A. 07-242 effective June 4, 2007.

      Sec. 16a-3b. Implementation of the procurement plan. (a) The Department of Public Utility Control shall oversee the implementation of the procurement plan approved by the Department of Public Utility Control pursuant to section 16a-3a. The electric distribution companies shall implement the demand-side measures, including, but not limited to, energy efficiency, load management, demand response, combined heat and power facilities, distributed generation and other emerging energy technologies, specified in said procurement plan through the comprehensive conservation and load management plan prepared pursuant to section 16-245m for review by the Energy Conservation Management Board. The electric distribution companies shall submit proposals to appropriate regulatory agencies to address transmission and distribution upgrades as specified in said procurement plan.

      (b) If the procurement plan specifies the construction of a generating facility, the department shall develop and issue a request for proposals, shall publish such request for proposals in one or more newspapers or periodicals, as selected by the department, and shall post such request for proposals on its web site. Pursuant to a nondisclosure agreement, the department shall make available to the Office of Consumer Counsel and the Attorney General all confidential bid information it receives pursuant to this subsection, provided the bids and any analysis of such bids shall not be subject to disclosure under the Freedom of Information Act. Three months after the department issues a final decision, it shall make available all financial bid information, provided such information regarding the bidders not selected be presented in a manner that conceals the identities of such bidders.

      (1) On and after July 1, 2008, an electric distribution company may submit proposals in response to a request for proposals on the same basis as other respondents to the solicitation. A proposal submitted by an electric distribution company shall include its full projected costs such that any project costs recovered from or defrayed by ratepayers are included in the projected costs. An electric distribution company submitting any such bid shall demonstrate to the satisfaction of the department that its bid is not supported in any form of cross subsidization by affiliated entities. If the department approves such electric distribution company's proposal, the costs and revenues of such proposal shall not be included in calculating such company's earning for purposes of, or in determining whether its rates are just and reasonable under, sections 16-19, 16-19a and 16-19e. An electric distribution company shall not recover more than the full costs identified in any approved proposal. Affiliates of the electric distribution company may submit proposals pursuant to section 16-244h, regulations adopted pursuant to section 16-244h and other requirements the department may impose.

      (2) If the department selects a nonelectric distribution company proposal, an electric distribution company shall, within thirty days of the selection of a proposal by the department, negotiate in good faith the final terms of a contract with a generating facility and shall apply to the department for approval of such contract. Upon department approval, the electric distribution company shall enter into such contract.

      (3) The department shall determine the appropriate manner of cost recovery for proposals selected pursuant to this section.

      (4) The department may retain the services of a third-party entity with expertise in the area of energy procurement to oversee the development of the request for proposals and to assist the department in its approval of proposals pursuant to this section. The reasonable and proper expenses for retaining such third-party entity shall be recoverable through the generation services charge.

      (c) The electric distribution companies shall issue requests for proposals to acquire any other resource needs not identified in subsection (a) or (b) of this section but specified in the procurement plan approved by the Department of Public Utility Control pursuant to section 16a-3a. Such requests for proposals shall be subject to approval by the department.

      (P.A. 07-242, S. 52.)

      History: P.A. 07-242 effective June 4, 2007.

      Sec. 16a-3c. Electric distribution companies' plans to build electric generation facilities. (a) On and after July 1, 2009, if the Department of Public Utility Control does not receive and approve proposals pursuant to the requests for proposals processes, pursuant to section 16a-3b, sufficient to reach the goal set by the plan approved pursuant to section 16a-3a, the department may order an electric distribution company to submit for the department's review in a contested case proceeding, in accordance with chapter 54, a proposal to build and operate an electric generation facility in the state. An electric distribution company shall be eligible to recover its prudently incurred costs consistent with the principles set forth in section 16-19e for any generation project approved pursuant to this section.

      (b) On or before January 1, 2008, the department shall initiate a contested case proceeding to determine the costs and benefits of the state serving as the builder of last resort for the shortfall of megawatts from said request for proposal process.

      (P.A. 07-242, S. 117.)

      History: P.A. 07-242 effective July 1, 2007.

      Sec. 16a-7a. Annual comprehensive energy plan. Section 16a-7a is repealed, effective July 1, 2007.

      (P.A. 03-140, S. 17; P.A. 04-236, S. 15; P.A. 07-242, S. 129.)

      Sec. 16a-7b. Infrastructure criteria guidelines. (a) Not later than December 1, 2004, the Connecticut Energy Advisory Board shall develop infrastructure criteria guidelines for the evaluation process under subsection (f) of section 16a-7c, which guidelines shall be consistent with state environmental policy, state economic development policy, and the state's policy regarding the restructuring of the electric industry, as set forth in section 16-244, and shall include, but not be limited to, the following: (1) Environmental preference standards; (2) efficiency standards, including, but not limited to, efficiency standards for transmission, generation and demand-side management; (3) generation preference standards; (4) electric capacity, use trends and forecasted resource needs; (5) natural gas capacity, use trends and forecasted resource needs; and (6) national and regional reliability criteria applicable to the regional bulk power grid, as determined in consultation with the regional independent system operator, as defined in section 16-1. In developing environmental preference standards, the board shall consider the recommendations and findings of the task force established pursuant to section 25-157a and Executive Order Number 26 of Governor John G. Rowland.

      (b) No municipality other than a municipality operating a plant pursuant to chapter 101 or any special act and acting for purposes thereto may take an action to condemn, in whole or in part, or restrict the operation of any existing and currently operating energy facility, if such facility is first determined by the Department of Public Utility Control, following a contested case proceeding, held in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, to comprise a critical, unique and unmovable component of the state's energy infrastructure, unless the municipality first receives written approval from the department, the Office of Policy and Management, the Connecticut Energy Advisory Board and the Connecticut Siting Council that such taking would not have a detrimental impact on the state's or region's ability to provide a particular energy resource to its citizens.

      (P.A. 03-140, S. 18; P.A. 04-191, S. 1; P.A. 07-242, S. 77, 110.)

      History: P.A. 03-140 effective July 1, 2003; P.A. 04-191 added provision re consideration of recommendations and findings of task force in developing environmental preference standards, effective July 1, 2004; P.A. 07-242 designated existing provisions as Subsec. (a) and added Subsec. (b) re limitation on ability of municipality to condemn or restrict operation of existing and operating energy facility, effective June 4, 2007, and deleted reference to the comprehensive energy plan prepared pursuant to Sec. 16a-7a, effective July 1, 2007.

      Sec. 16a-7c. Request for proposal: Solicitation, submission, evaluation, report, net energy analysis. (a) Not later than fifteen days after receiving information pursuant to subsection (e) of section 16-50l, the Connecticut Energy Advisory Board shall publish such information in one or more newspapers or periodicals, as selected by the board.

      (b) On or after December 1, 2004, not later than fifteen days after the filing of an application pursuant to subdivision (1) of subsection (a) of section 16-50i, except for an application for a facility described in subdivision (5) or (6) of subsection (a) of section 16-50i, the Connecticut Energy Advisory Board shall issue a request for proposal to seek alternative solutions to the need that will be addressed by the proposed facility in such application. Such request for proposal shall, where relevant, solicit proposals that include distributed generation or energy efficiency measures. The board shall publish such request for proposal in one or more newspapers or periodicals, as selected by the board. Any facility generating not more than five megawatts and any electric transmission line, electric generation facility or electric substation otherwise constituting a facility as described in subsection (a) of section 16-50i that, as part of the proceeding conducted pursuant to section 8 of public act 07-242* and in accordance with this subsection, shall be determined by the Connecticut Siting Council and the Department of Public Utility Control to be required for the reliability of electric supply to critical national defense and homeland security infrastructure shall be exempt from the request for proposal process described in this subsection and exempt from the municipal participation fee requirements of subdivision (1) of subsection (a) of section 16-50l. Such determination shall be made on or before December 31, 2007. Notwithstanding the provisions of this subsection, the board, by a vote of two-thirds of the members present and voting, may determine that a request for proposal is unnecessary for a specific application because the process is not likely to result in a reasonable alternative to the proposed facility. On or before December 1, 2007, after seeking public comment, the board shall approve additional criteria for considering whether a request for proposal process should not be required for a specific application. Any determination that a request for proposal is not required shall include the board's reasons for such determination.

      (c) The board may issue a request for proposal for solutions to a need for new energy resources, new energy transmission facilities in the state, and new energy conservation initiatives in the state identified in regional energy system planning processes conducted by the regional independent system operator, as defined in section 16-1. Such request for proposal shall, where relevant, solicit proposals that include distributed generation or energy efficiency measures. The board shall publish such request for proposal in one or more newspapers or periodicals, as selected by the board.

      (d) Not later than sixty days after the first date of publication of a request for proposal, a person or any legal entity may submit a proposal by filing with the board information as such person or entity may consider relevant to such proposal. The board may request further information from the person or entity that it deems necessary to evaluate the proposal pursuant to subsection (f) of this section.

      (e) Upon the submission of a proposal pursuant to a request for proposal, the person or entity submitting the proposal shall consult with the municipality in which the facility may be located and with any other municipality that would be required to be served with a copy of an application for such proposal under subdivision (1) of subsection (b) of section 16-50l concerning the proposed and alternative sites of the facility. Such consultation with the municipality shall include, but not be limited to, good faith efforts to meet with the chief elected official of the municipality. At the time of the consultation, the person or entity submitting the proposal shall provide the chief elected official with any technical reports concerning the public need, the site selection process and the environmental effects of the proposed facility. The municipality may conduct public hearings and meetings as it deems necessary for it to advise the person or entity submitting the proposal of its recommendations concerning the proposed facility. Within sixty days of the initial consultation, the municipality shall issue its recommendations to the person or entity submitting the proposal. If a person or entity chooses to file an application pursuant to subdivision (3) of subsection (a) of section 16-50l, then such person or entity shall provide to the Connecticut Siting Council a summary of the consultations with the municipality, including all recommendations issued by the municipality. A person or entity that has complied with this subsection shall be exempt from the provisions of subsection (e) of section 16-50l.

      (f) Not later than forty-five days after the deadline for submissions in response to a request for proposal, the board shall issue a report that evaluates each proposal received, including any proposal contained in an application to the council that initiated a request for proposal, based on the materials received pursuant to subsection (d) of this section, or information contained in the application, as required by section 16-50l, for conformance with the infrastructure criteria guidelines created pursuant to section 6a-7b. The board shall forward the results of such evaluation process to the Connecticut Siting Council.

      (g) When evaluating submissions pursuant to subsection (f) of this section for a generation facility described in subdivision (3) of subsection (a) of section 16-50i that are in excess of sixty-five megawatts, the board shall perform a net energy analysis for each proposal. Such analysis shall include calculations of all embodied energy requirements used in the materials for initial construction of the facility over its projected useful lifetime. The analysis shall be expressed in a dimensionless unit as an energy profit ratio of energy generated by the facility to the calculated net energy expended in plant construction, maintenance and total fuel cycle energy requirements over the projected useful lifetime of the facility. The boundary for both the net energy calculations of the fuel cycle and materials for the facility construction and maintenance shall both be at the point of primary material extraction and include the energy consumed through the entire supply chain to final, but not be limited to, such subsequent steps as transportation, refinement and energy for delivery to the end consumer. The results of said net energy analysis shall be included in the results forwarded to the Connecticut Siting Council pursuant to subsection (f) of this section. For purposes of this subsection, "facility net energy" means the heat energy delivered by the facility contained in a fuel minus the life cycle energy used to produce the facility. "Fuel net energy" means the heat energy contained in a fuel minus the energy used to extract the fuel from the environment, refine it to a socially useful state and deliver it to consumers, and "embodied energy" means the total energy used to build and maintain a process, expressed in calorie equivalents of one type of energy.

      (P.A. 03-140, S. 19; P.A. 07-242, S. 54; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 07-4, S. 117.)

      *Note: Section 8 of public act 07-242 is special in nature and therefore has not been codified but remains in full force and effect according to its terms.

      History: P.A. 03-140 effective October 1, 2004; P.A. 07-242 amended Subsec. (b) to exempt certain facilities deemed required for reliability of electric supply to critical national defense and homeland security infrastructure from request for proposal process and from municipal participation fee requirements of Sec. 16-50l(a)(1), deleted reference to comprehensive energy report in Subsec. (c) and added Subsec. (g) re performing net energy analysis for facilities in excess of 65 megawatts, effective July 1, 2007; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 07-4 amended Subsec. (g) to specify applicability to "generation" facilities, effective July 1, 2007.

      Sec. 16a-14. General powers and duties of the secretary re energy matters. In addition to the duties set forth in any other law, the Secretary of the Office of Policy and Management may: (1) Be designated as the state official to implement and execute any federal program, law, order, rule or regulation related to the allocation, rationing, conservation, distribution or consumption of energy resources, (2) investigate any complaint concerning the violation of any federal or state statute, rule, regulation or order pertaining to pricing, allocation, rationing, conservation, distribution or consumption of energy resources and shall transmit any evidence gathered by such investigation to the proper federal or state authorities, (3) coordinate all state and local government programs for the allocation, rationing, conservation, distribution and consumption of energy resources, (4) cooperate with the appropriate authorities of the United States government, or other state or interstate agencies with respect to allocation, rationing, conservation, distribution and consumption of energy resources, (5) conduct programs of public education regarding energy conservation, (6) carry out a program of studies, hearings, inquiries, surveys and analyses necessary to carry out the purposes of this chapter and sections 4-124c, 4-124i, 4-124l, 4-124p, 8-3b, 8-31a, 8-32a, 8-33a, 8-35a, 8-37a and 8-189, subsection (b) of section 8-206 and sections 16a-20, 16a-102, 22a-352 and 22a-353, provided if an individual or business furnishing commercial or financial information concerning such individual or business requests in writing at the time such information is furnished that it be treated as confidential proprietary information, such information, to the extent that it is limited to (A) volume of sales, shipments, receipts and exchanges of energy resources, (B) inventories of energy resources, and (C) local distribution patterns of energy resources, shall be exempt from the provisions of subsection (a) of section 1-210, (7) enter into contracts with any person to do all things necessary or convenient to carry out the functions, powers and duties of the secretary and the Office of Policy and Management under this chapter and sections 4-5, 4-124l, 4-124p, 8-3b, 8-32a, 8-33a, 8-35a and 8-189, subsection (b) of section 8-206 and sections 16a-20, 16a-102, 22a-352 and 22a-353, (8) adopt regulations, in accordance with chapter 54, to establish standards for solar energy systems, including experimental systems, which offer practical alternatives to the use of conventional energy with regard to current technological feasibility and the climate of this state, and (9) undertake such other duties and responsibilities as may be delegated by other state statutes or by the Governor.

      (P.A. 74-285, S. 15, 20; P.A. 75-537, S. 9, 55; P.A. 76-364; 76-409, S. 2; P.A. 77-614, S. 19, 610; P.A. 78-268, S. 3, 5; 78-303, S. 92, 136; P.A. 79-576, S. 3, 7; P.A. 81-330, S. 11, 13; P.A. 88-116, S. 9; 88-248, S. 4; P.A. 07-217, S. 64.)

      History: P.A. 75-537 replaced energy agency and its administrator with department and commissioner of planning and energy policy; P.A. 76-364 replaced specific provisions re election of selectmen with statement that Sec. 9-167a applies to election of selectmen; P.A. 76-409 added Subdiv. (8) re standards for solar energy systems; P.A. 77-614 replaced department and commissioner of planning and energy policy with office of policy and management and its secretary; P.A. 78-268 deleted reference to repealed Sec. 4-91; P.A. 78-303 deleted references to repealed Secs. 4-60a, 4-60b and 4-70a; P.A. 79-576 updated section references; P.A. 81-330 deleted references to Sec. 16a-19; P.A. 88-116 deleted obsolete reference to Sec. 4-124g; P.A. 88-248 deleted obsolete references to Sec. 2-73; (Revisor's note: In 1993 an obsolete reference to repealed Sec. 16-340 was deleted editorially by the Revisors); P.A. 07-217 made technical changes, effective July 12, 2007.

      Sec. 16a-15. Display of signs on fuel pumps. Display of signs posting gas price for public and members of retail membership organization. Regulations. Penalty. (a) Each person shall publicly display and maintain on each pump or other dispensing device from which any gasoline or other product intended as a fuel for aircraft, motor boats or motor vehicles is sold by such person, such signs as the Commissioner of Consumer Protection, by regulation adopted pursuant to chapter 54, may require to inform the public of the octane rating and price of such gasoline or other product. Each person selling such gasoline or other product on both a full-serve and self-serve basis and displaying the price of such gasoline or other product at a location on the premises other than at a pump or other dispensing device shall include in such display both the full-serve and self-serve prices of such gasoline or other product, in such manner as the commissioner, by regulation, may require. All signs as to price shall be the per-gallon price and shall not be the price of less or more than one gallon.

      (b) Each person shall publicly display and maintain on each pump or other dispensing device from which any gasoline or other product containing more than one per cent by volume of ethanol, methanol or any other cosolvent, and intended as a fuel for aircraft, motor boats or motor vehicles is sold by such person, such signs as the Commissioner of Consumer Protection, by regulation adopted pursuant to chapter 54, may require to inform the public of the amount of methanol, ethanol or any other cosolvent contained in such gasoline or other product.

      (c) Each person shall publicly display and maintain, in a like manner, size and print, on each sign on display to the general public intended to inform the public of the price of gasoline and each pump or other dispensing device from which any gasoline intended as a fuel for motor vehicles is sold by such person, such signs as the Commissioner of Consumer Protection, by regulation adopted pursuant to chapter 54, may require to inform the public of the price for such gasoline for such members of the public as any such sign that informs of the price of such gasoline for members of any club, members of any retail membership organization or persons who qualify for any special discount offer.

      (d) Any manufacturer, hauler, blender, agent, jobber, consignment agent, or distributor who distributes gasoline, or other products intended as fuel for aircraft, motor boats, or motor vehicles, which contain one per cent or more alcohol by volume, shall state the percentage of alcohol and the type of alcohol on any invoice, bill of lading, shipping paper, or other documentation used in normal and customary business practices.

      (e) Any person who, by himself or herself or by his or her agent or employee, violates any provision of this section or such regulations shall be fined not less than fifty dollars or more than two hundred fifty dollars.

      (f) A violation of subsection (c) of this section shall constitute an unfair trade practice under subsection (a) of section 42-110b.

      (P.A. 74-285, S. 17, 20; P.A. 75-537, S. 10, 55; P.A. 77-614, S. 19, 610; P.A. 80-436, S. 6, 7; P.A. 84-244, S. 1; 84-279, S. 2; P.A. 98-128, S. 6, 10; June 30 Sp. Sess. P.A. 03-6, S. 146(c), (d); P.A. 04-169, S. 17; 04-189, S. 1; P.A. 05-89, S. 1; P.A. 06-29, S. 1; P.A. 07-217, S. 65.)

      History: P.A. 75-537 replaced energy agency administrator with commissioner of planning and energy policy; P.A. 77-614 replaced commissioner with secretary of the office of policy and management; P.A. 80-436 required that signs display per-gallon price; P.A. 84-244 divided section into Subsecs. and required persons selling gasoline or other product on both a full-serve and self-serve basis and displaying the price of the product in a place other than the pump to include in such display both the full-serve and self-serve price of the product as the commissioner of consumer protection requires; P.A. 84-279 inserted new Subsecs. (b) and (c), requiring invoices and signs to display the amount of methanol, ethanol or other cosolvent in gasoline or other fuel, designating prior provisions as Subsecs. (a) and (d) and substituting "commissioner of consumer protection" for "secretary" in Subsec. (a); P.A. 98-128 made technical changes in Subsecs. (a) and (b), added new Subsec. (c) to establish specific requirements for the period commencing May 27, 1998, and ending on October 1, 1998 re displaying a notice to inform public of requirements of Subsec. (c) of Sec. 14-332a and redesignated existing Subsecs. (c) and (d) as Subsecs. (d) and (e), effective May 27, 1998; June 30 Sp. Sess. P.A. 03-6 and P.A. 04-169 replaced Commissioner and Department of Consumer Protection with Commissioner and Department of Agriculture and Consumer Protection, effective July 1, 2004; P.A. 04-189 repealed Sec. 146 of June 30 Sp. Sess. P.A. 03-6, thereby reversing the merger of the Departments of Agriculture and Consumer Protection, effective June 1, 2004; P.A. 05-89 amended Subsec. (c) by designating existing provisions as new Subdiv. (1), making technical changes therein, and adding new Subdiv. (2) re posting of gas prices for members of the public and members of any retail membership organization, effective June 7, 2005; P.A. 06-29 deleted former Subsec. (c)(1) re notice display during period from May 27, 1998, to October 1, 1998, redesignated existing Subsec. (c)(2) as new Subsec. (c) and added Subsec. (f) specifying that violation of Subsec. (c) is an unfair trade practice, effective May 8, 2006; P.A. 07-217 made technical changes in Subsec. (e), effective July 12, 2007.