Sec. 10-144o. Definitions. As used in sections 10-145 to 10-158a, inclusive:
(1) "Equivalent" means qualifications reasonably comparable to those specifically
listed as required for certification;
(2) "Initial educator certificate" means a license to teach issued on or after July 1,
1989, to a person who has successfully met the preparation and eligibility requirements
specified by the State Board of Education for entrance into a beginning educator
program;
(3) "Beginning educator program" means the support and assessment program established by the State Board of Education for holders of initial educator certificates.
The program shall be designed to improve the quality of the first school years of teaching
and to determine whether holders of initial educator certificates have achieved the level
of competency, as defined by said board, to entitle them to provisional educator certificates;
(4) "Provisional teaching certificate" or "provisional certificate" means a license
to teach during the provisional certification period, issued prior to July 1, 1989, to a
person who meets in full the preparation requirements of the State Board of Education;
(5) "Provisional educator certificate" means a license to teach, issued on or after
July 1, 1989, to a person who (A) has successfully completed a beginning educator
program, if there is such a program for such person's certification endorsement area,
and not less than one school year of successful teaching in a public school, (B) has
completed at least three years of successful teaching in a public or nonpublic school
approved by the State Board of Education or appropriate governing body in another
state within ten years prior to application for such provisional educator certificate or (C)
has successfully taught with a provisional teaching certificate for the year immediately
preceding application for such provisional educator certificate as an employee of a local
or regional board of education or facility approved for special education by the State
Board of Education;
(6) "Standard teaching certificate" or "standard certificate" means a license to teach
issued prior to July 1, 1989, to one who has successfully completed no less than three
school years of satisfactory teaching experience and fulfilled other requirements while
holding a provisional certificate or its equivalent;
(7) "Professional educator certificate" means a license to teach issued on or after
July 1, 1989, initially to a person who has successfully completed not less than three
school years of teaching in a public school or nonpublic school approved by the State
Board of Education while holding a provisional educator or provisional teaching certificate and has successfully completed not fewer than thirty semester hours of credit beyond
a bachelor's degree. Said certificate shall be continued every five years after issuance
upon the successful completion of not less than ninety hours of continuing education,
in accordance with subsection (l) of section 10-145b, during each successive five-year
period. The successful completion of continuing education units shall only be required
for certified employees of local and regional boards of education;
(8) "Temporary ninety-day certificate" means a license to teach issued on or after
July 1, 1988, to a person upon the request of a local or regional board of education
pursuant to subsection (c) of section 10-145b. Each such certificate may be reissued
once upon the request of a local or regional board of education during the 1988-1989
school year and upon reissuance shall be effective until July 1, 1989. Any provision for
the reissuance of such certificate after said school year shall be pursuant to regulations
adopted by the State Board of Education;
(9) "One year" means one school year.
(P.A. 78-218, S. 96; P.A. 85-613, S. 96, 154; May Sp. Sess. P.A. 86-1, S. 20, 58; P.A. 87-499, S. 3, 4, 34; P.A. 88-273,
S. 1, 9; P.A. 90-325, S. 11, 32; P.A. 91-288, S. 2; P.A. 93-353, S. 14, 52.)
History: P.A. 85-613 made technical change, substituting reference to Sec. 10-158a for reference to Sec. 10-159a; May
Sp. Sess. P.A. 86-1 deleted the definition of "provisional certification period", added definitions for "initial educator
certificate", "beginning education program", "provisional educator certificate", "professional educator certificate", and
"temporary ninety-day certificate", and redefined "provisional teaching certificate" and "standard teaching certificate" to
state that they be issued prior to July 1, 1988, and added that the years of teaching experience for a standard teaching
certificate be school years; P.A. 87-499 redefined "professional educator certificate" in Subdiv. (7) to provide that a person
may have taught in an approved nonpublic school and to eliminate the requirement that the thirty semester hours be
"teaching-related" and redefined "temporary ninety-day certificate" in Subdiv. (8) by adding "on or after July 1, 1988"
and by referring to Sec. 10-145b rather than listing the requirements for the certificate; P.A. 88-273 substituted July 1,
1989, for July 1, 1988, as the date before which provisional and standard teaching certificates are issued and after which
initial, provisional and professional educator certificates are issued, added provisions re the reissuance of temporary ninety-day certificates and made a technical change; P.A. 90-325 in Subdiv. (5) added Subpara. (c) re issuance of a provisional
educator certificate to persons who have taught with a provisional teaching certificate for the year immediately preceding
application for a provisional educator certificate; P.A. 91-288 in Subdiv. (7) substituted ninety hours of continuing education
for nine continuing education units; P.A. 93-353 amended Subdiv. (5) defining "provisional educator certificate" to clarify
that the requirement for passage of the beginning educator program only applies if such a program is available for the
person's certification endorsement area, effective July 1, 1993.
Cited. 210 C. 286.
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Sec. 10-145. Certificate necessary to employment. Forfeiture for noncompliance. Substitute teachers. (a) No teacher, supervisor, administrator, special service
staff member or school superintendent shall be employed in any of the schools of any
local or regional board of education unless such person possesses an appropriate state
certificate, nor shall any such person be entitled to any salary unless such person can
produce such certificate dated previous to or the first day of employment; provided
nothing herein contained shall be construed to prevent the board of education from
prescribing qualifications additional to those prescribed by the regulations of the State
Board of Education and provided nothing herein contained shall be construed to prevent
any local or regional board of education from contracting with a licensed drivers' school
approved by the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles for the behind-the-wheel instruction
of a driver instruction course, to be given by driving instructors licensed by the Department of Motor Vehicles. No person shall be employed in any of the schools of any
local or regional board of education as a substitute teacher unless such person holds a
bachelor's degree, provided the Commissioner of Education may waive such requirement for good cause upon the request of a superintendent of schools.
(b) If the State Board of Education determines that a local or regional board of
education is not in compliance with any provision of sections 10-144o to 10-149, inclusive, and section 10-220a, the State Board of Education may require the local or regional
board of education to forfeit of the total sum which is paid to such board of education
from the State Treasury an amount to be determined by the State Board of Education,
which amount shall be not less than one thousand dollars nor more than ten thousand
dollars. The amount so forfeited shall be withheld from a grant payment, as determined
by the commissioner, during the fiscal year following the fiscal year in which noncompliance is determined pursuant to this subsection. Notwithstanding the penalty provision
of this section, the State Board of Education may waive such forfeiture if the board
determines that the failure of the local or regional board of education to comply with
such a provision was due to circumstances beyond its control.
(1949 Rev., S. 1432; 1961, P.A. 517, S. 116; 1971, P.A. 456, S. 5; P.A. 78-218, S. 93; May Sp. Sess. P.A. 86-1, S. 21,
58; P.A. 87-499, S. 5, 34; P.A. 89-137, S. 1, 14; P.A. 93-353, S. 49, 52.)
History: 1961 act added regional district; 1971 act added proviso for contracts with licensed drivers' schools; P.A. 78-218 deleted reference to "supervising agents", substituted "local or regional board of education" for "town or regional
district" and made technical changes; May Sp. Sess. P.A. 86-1 required administrators to have state certificates, substituted
"employment" for "the opening of school" re dating of certificates and deleted provision that certificates in force July 1,
1935, are valid and renewable; P.A. 87-499 deleted principal and added special service staff member to list of persons to
whom the section applies and added that the certificate may be dated the first day of employment; P.A. 89-137 added Subsec.
(a) designation and new Subsec. (b) re forfeiture of funds by local and regional boards of education for noncompliance with
certain statutes; P.A. 93-353 amended Subsec. (a) to add the requirement that a substitute teacher hold a bachelor's degree
unless such requirement is waived, effective July 1, 1993; (Revisor's note: In 1997 references throughout the general
statutes to "Motor Vehicle(s) Commissioner" and "Motor Vehicle(s) Department" were replaced editorially by the Revisors
with "Commissioner of Motor Vehicles" or "Department of Motor Vehicles", as the case may be, for consistency with
customary statutory usage).
See Sec. 4d-86 re state-wide standard for teacher and administrator competency in use of technology for instructional
purposes.
Cited. 96 C. 720. See note to section 10-22. Certificate to teach or as superintendent is not "appropriate" certificate for
principal or vice principal; certificate issued under old law continues valid even for new employee so far as it is appropriate
for position; "new" teacher includes one formerly employed who has definitely severed connection with the schools. 123
C. 515. Cited. 138 C. 280. Cited. 152 C. 151. Teacher employed without an appropriate state certificate is illegally employed
and cannot obtain tenure during this period. 167 C. 444. Cited. 177 C. 68. Cited. 200 C. 21. Cited. 210 C. 286. Cited. 221
C. 549. Cited. 240 C. 119.
Cited. 5 CA 253. Cited. 32 CA 6.
Prevention of the issuance of a certificate by malicious or false representations is a legal wrong. 14 CS 28.
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Sec. 10-145a. (Formerly Sec. 10-146). Certificates of qualification. Specific
components of teacher preparation programs. (a) The State Board of Education may,
in accordance with section 10-19 and such regulations and qualifications as it prescribes,
issue certificates of qualification to teach, to administer, to supervise or to serve in other
positions requiring certification pursuant to regulations adopted by the State Board of
Education in any public school in the state and may revoke the same. Any such regulations shall provide that the qualifications to maintain any administrator, supervisor or
special service certificate shall incorporate the continuing education provisions of subsection (l) of section 10-145b. The certificates of qualification issued under this section
shall be accepted by boards of education in lieu of any other certificate, provided additional qualifications may be required by a board of education, in which case the state
certificate shall be accepted for such subjects as it includes.
(b) Any candidate in a program of teacher preparation leading to professional certification shall be encouraged to successfully complete an intergroup relations component
of such a program which shall be developed with the participation of both sexes, and
persons of various ethnic, cultural and economic backgrounds. Such intergroup relations
program shall have the following objectives: (1) The imparting of an appreciation of
the contributions to American civilization of the various ethnic, cultural and economic
groups composing American society and an understanding of the life styles of such
groups; (2) the counteracting of biases, discrimination and prejudices; and (3) the assurance of respect for human diversity and personal rights. The State Board of Education,
the Board of Governors of Higher Education, the Commission on Human Rights and
Opportunities and the Permanent Commission on the Status of Women shall establish
a joint committee composed of members of the four agencies, which shall develop and
implement such programs in intergroup relations.
(c) Any candidate in a program of teacher preparation leading to professional certification shall be encouraged to complete a (1) health component of such a program, which
includes, but need not be limited to, human growth and development, nutrition, first
aid, disease prevention and community and consumer health, and (2) mental health
component of such a program, which includes, but need not be limited to, youth suicide,
child abuse and alcohol and drug abuse.
(d) Any candidate in a program of teacher preparation leading to professional certification shall be encouraged to complete a school violence prevention and conflict resolution component of such a program.
(e) On and after July 1, 1998, any candidate in a program of teacher preparation
leading to professional certification shall complete a computer and other information
technology skills component of such program, as applied to student learning and classroom instruction, communications and data management.
(f) On and after July 1, 2006, any program of teacher preparation leading to professional certification shall include, as part of the curriculum, instruction in literacy skills
and processes that reflects current research and best practices in the field of literacy
training. Such instruction shall be incorporated into requirements of student major and
concentration.
(g) On and after July 1, 2006, any program of teacher preparation leading to professional certification shall include, as part of the curriculum, instruction in the concepts
of second language learning and second language acquisition and processes that reflects
current research and best practices in the field of second language learning and second
language acquisition. Such instruction shall be incorporated into requirements of student
major and concentration.
(1949 Rev., S. 1433; February, 1965, P.A. 140, S. 2; 1967, P.A. 555, S. 62; 1969, P.A. 753, S. 34; 1971, P.A. 370, S.
3; 1972, P.A. 204, S. 1, 2; P.A. 73-632, S. 1, 5; P.A. 74-331, S. 1, 7; P.A. 75-372, S. 3; P.A. 77-573, S. 24, 30; P.A. 78-218, S. 94, 95, 212; P.A. 80-405, S. 3, 4; P.A. 82-218, S. 37, 46; P.A. 84-241, S. 2, 5; May Sp. Sess. P.A. 86-1, S. 22, 58;
P.A. 87-499, S. 6, 34; P.A. 89-168, S. 3; P.A. 94-221, S. 4; P.A. 95-259, S. 13, 32; P.A. 96-244, S. 52, 63; P.A. 04-75, S.
1; 04-227, S. 2.)
History: 1965 act required passing of hygiene examination for certification to teach grades above the fifth rather than
the third grade and included as part of hygiene knowledge the effects of alcohol and narcotics on personality development;
1967 act replaced "narcotics" with "controlled drugs"; 1969 act included in hygiene knowledge of the effects of nicotine
or tobacco and made provision for the necessary training of teachers and guidance personnel; 1971 act required passing
of hygiene examination for all certifications to teach not just for those above the fifth grade and included administrators in
training provision; 1972 act added Subsec. (a) defining "equivalency", "alternate" and "internship", made former provisions
Subsec. (b) and added provisions concerning internships for certification and equivalencies or alternates to present certification requirements; P.A. 73-632 deleted provisions added to Subsec. (b) in 1972, dropped provision allowing exemption
from hygiene examination, required passing of hygiene examination for supervisor's certificate as well as for teaching
certificate and referred to "drugs" rather than "controlled drugs", deleting specific effects and provision for training programs; P.A. 74-331 amended Subsec. (a) to extend applicability to entire chapter, to substitute "equivalent" for "equivalency", to delete definitions of "alternate" and "internship" and to add definitions of "provisional certification period",
"provisional teaching certificate", "standard teaching certificate" and "one year" and amended Subsec. (b) to reflect recognition of the two different types of certificates; Sec. 10-146 was transferred to Sec. 10-145a in 1975; P.A. 75-372 added
Subsec. (c) re intergroup relations programs; P.A. 77-573 replaced commission for higher education with board of higher
education; P.A. 78-218 deleted Subsec. (a), relettering remaining subsections accordingly, and amended Subsec. (b),
formerly (c), to delete references to July 1, 1977, and to July 1, 1976, and to delete reference to advisory board on state
certification of teachers as an agency involved in developing intergroup relations programs; P.A. 80-405 required development of intergroup programs with participation of both sexes and included permanent commission on the status of women
as an agency involved in developing such programs; P.A. 82-218 replaced board of higher education with board of governors
pursuant to reorganization of higher education system, effective March 1, 1983; P.A. 84-241 added "of higher education"
to board of governors' title; May Sp. Sess. P.A. 86-1 in Subsec. (a) substituted "issue" for "grant", provided for certificates
to administer, added provisions re regulations re administrator and supervisor certificates, deleted requirement re examination in hygiene and the effects of nicotine or tobacco, alcohol and drugs; P.A. 87-499 in Subsec. (a) provided that the state
board of education may issue certificates to serve in positions requiring certification pursuant to regulations and that
regulations shall provide that qualifications to maintain any special service certificate incorporate continuing education
provisions; P.A. 89-168 added a new Subsec. (c) re the mental health component in a program of teacher preparation;
P.A. 94-221 added Subsec. (d) re school violence prevention and conflict resolution as component of teacher preparation
programs; P.A. 95-259 amended Subsec. (c) to add Subdiv. (1) re health component, effective July 6, 1995; P.A. 96-244
added Subsec. (e) requiring teacher candidate programs to provide training in computer and other information technology
skills, effective June 6, 1996; P.A. 04-75 added Subsec. (f) requiring teacher training programs to provide instruction in
literacy skills, effective July 1, 2004; P.A. 04-227 added Subsec. (g) requiring teacher training programs to provide instruction in second language learning and acquisition, effective July 1, 2004.
See Sec. 4d-86 re state-wide standard for teacher and administrator competency in use of technology for instructional
purposes.
See Sec. 10-19 re teaching of courses on effect of alcohol, nicotine or tobacco and drugs.
See Sec. 10-226f re coordinator of intergroup relations.
See Sec. 10-226g re intergroup relations training for teachers.
Cited. 138 C. 280. Cited. 152 C. 151.
Subsec. (a):
Cited. 210 C. 286.
Subsec. (b):
Teacher's contract of employment over two five-year periods terminated on his failure to obtain the standard certificate.
Renewal of his employment thereafter was illegal. 167 C. 444.
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Sec. 10-145b. Teaching certificates. (a) The State Board of Education, upon receipt of a proper application, shall issue an initial educator certificate to any person
who has graduated (1) from a four-year baccalaureate program of teacher education as
approved by said state board, or (2) from a four-year baccalaureate program approved
by said state board or from a college or university accredited by the board of governors
or regionally accredited, provided such person has taken such teacher training equivalents as the State Board of Education shall require and, unless such equivalents are taken
at institutions outside of this state, as the board of governors shall accredit. In addition,
on and after July 1, 1993, each applicant shall have completed a subject area major as
defined by the State Board of Education. Each such initial educator certificate shall be
valid for three years, except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, and may be
extended by the Commissioner of Education for an additional year for good cause upon
the request of the superintendent in whose school district such person is employed or
upon the request of the assessment team reviewing such person's performance.
(b) During the period of employment in a public school, a person holding an initial
educator certificate shall (1) be under the supervision of the superintendent of schools
or of a principal, administrator or supervisor designated by such superintendent who
shall regularly observe, guide and evaluate the performance of assigned duties by such
holder of an initial certificate, and (2) participate in a beginning educator program if
there is such a program for such person's certification endorsement area.
(c) (1) The State Board of Education, upon request of a local or regional board of
education, shall issue a temporary ninety-day certificate to any applicant in the certification endorsement areas of elementary education, middle grades education, secondary
academic subjects, special subjects or fields, special education and administration and
supervision when the following conditions are met:
(A) The employing agent of a board of education makes a written request for the
issuance of such certificate and attests to the existence of a special plan for supervision
of temporary ninety-day certificate holders;
(B) The applicant meets the following requirements, except as otherwise provided
in subparagraph (C) of this subdivision:
(i) Holds a bachelor's degree from an institution of higher education accredited by
the Board of Governors of Higher Education or regionally accredited with a major either
in or closely related to the certification endorsement area in which the requesting board
of education is placing the applicant or, in the case of secondary or special subject or
field endorsement area, possesses at least the minimum total number of semester hours
of credit required for the content area;
(ii) Has met the requirements pursuant to subsection (b) of section 10-145f;
(iii) Presents a written application on such forms as the Commissioner of Education
shall prescribe;
(iv) Has successfully completed a program of classroom management and instructional methodology approved by the State Board of Education and, within available
appropriations, provided under contract with an institution of higher education designated by the Department of Higher Education;
(v) Possesses an undergraduate college overall grade point average of at least "B"
or, if the applicant has completed at least twenty-four hours of graduate credit, possesses
a graduate grade point average of at least "B"; and
(vi) Presents supporting evidence of appropriate experience working with children; and
(C) The Commissioner of Education may waive the requirements of subparagraphs
(B)(v) or (B)(vi), or both, of this subdivision upon a showing of good cause.
(2) A person serving under a temporary ninety-day certificate shall participate in a
beginning support and assessment program pursuant to section 10-220a which is specifically designed by the state Department of Education for holders of temporary ninety-day certificates.
(3) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (a) of this section to the contrary,
on and after July 1, 1989, the State Board of Education, upon receipt of a proper application, shall issue an initial educator certificate, which shall be valid for three years, to
any person who has taught successfully while holding a temporary ninety-day certificate
and meets the requirements pursuant to regulations adopted pursuant to section 10-145d.
(d) On and after July 1, 1986, and prior to July 1, 1989, a person who has graduated
(1) from a four-year baccalaureate program of teacher education as approved by the
state board, or (2) from a four-year baccalaureate program approved by the state board
or from a college or university accredited by the Board of Governors of Higher Education
or regionally accredited, provided such person has taken such teacher training equivalents as the State Board of Education shall require and, unless such equivalents are taken
at institutions outside of this state, as the Board of Governors of Higher Education shall
accredit, shall be issued upon proper application a provisional teaching certificate by
the state board which shall be valid for up to ten years.
(e) In order to be eligible to obtain a provisional teaching certificate, a provisional
educator certificate or an initial educator certificate, each person shall be required to
complete a course of study in special education comprised of not fewer than thirty-six
hours, which shall include an understanding of the growth and development of exceptional children, including handicapped and gifted and talented children and children who
may require special education, and methods for identifying, planning for and working
effectively with special needs children in a regular classroom. Notwithstanding the provisions of this subsection to the contrary, each applicant for such certificates who has
met all requirements for certification except the completion of the course in special
education shall be entitled to a certificate (1) for a period not to exceed one year, provided
the applicant completed a teacher preparation program either in the state prior to July
1, 1987, or outside the state, or completed the necessary combination of professional
experience or coursework as required by the State Board of Education or (2) for a period
not to exceed two years if the applicant applies for certification in an area for which a
bachelor's degree is not required.
(f) During the period of employment, a person holding a provisional teaching certificate pursuant to subsection (d) of this section shall be under the direct supervision of
the superintendent of schools or of a principal, administrator or supervisor designated
by such superintendent who shall regularly observe, guide and evaluate the performance
of assigned duties by such holder of a provisional teaching certificate as well as cooperate
with and counsel such holder in accordance with the provisions of sections 10-145a to
10-145d, inclusive, and 10-146b.
(g) On and after July 1, 1989, the State Board of Education, upon receipt of a proper
application, shall issue a provisional educator certificate to any person who (1) has
successfully completed a beginning educator program and one school year of successful
teaching as attested to by the superintendent, or the superintendent's designee, in whose
local or regional school district such person was employed, (2) has completed at least
three years of successful teaching in a public or nonpublic school approved by the State
Board of Education or appropriate governing body in another state within ten years prior
to application for such provisional educator certificate, as attested to by the superintendent, or the superintendent's designee, in whose school district such person was employed, or by the supervising agent of the nonpublic school in which such person was
employed, and has met preparation and eligibility requirements for an initial educator
certificate, (3) has taught successfully in public schools in this state for the 1988-1989
school year under a temporary emergency permit and has met the preparation and eligibility requirements for an initial educator certificate, or (4) has successfully taught with
a provisional teaching certificate for the year immediately preceding an application for
a provisional educator certificate as an employee of a local or regional board of education
or facility approved for special education by the State Board of Education.
(h) Prior to July 1, 1989, to qualify for a standard certificate, a person who holds
or has held a provisional teaching certificate pursuant to subsection (d) of this section
shall have completed thirty credit hours of course work beyond the baccalaureate degree.
Such course work need not necessarily lead to a master's degree and may include graduate or undergraduate courses. It shall consist of (1) a planned program at an institution
of higher education accredited by the board of governors or regionally accredited or (2)
an individual program which is mutually determined or approved by the teacher and
the supervisory agent of the local or regional board of education or by the supervisory
agent of a nonpublic school approved by the State Board of Education and which is
designed to increase the ability of the teacher to improve student learning. Such an
individual program may include course work taken at one or more institutions for higher
education approved by the board of governors and may include in-service programs
sponsored by local or regional boards of education or nonpublic schools approved by
the State Board of Education. Such in-service programs shall have been approved by
the joint subcommittee of the Board of Governors of Higher Education and the State
Board of Education established pursuant to section 10-155b of the revision of 1958,
revised to January 1, 1983.
(i) Unless otherwise provided in regulations adopted under section 10-145d, in not
less than three years nor more than ten years after the issuance of a provisional teaching
certificate pursuant to subsection (d) of this section and upon the statement of the employing board of education or nonpublic school approved by the State Board of Education that the person who holds or has held a provisional certificate has a record of competency in the discharge of his or her duties during such provisional period, the state board,
upon receipt of a proper application, shall issue to a person who holds or has held a
provisional certificate, a standard teaching certificate prior to July 1, 1989, and a professional educator certificate on or after said date. A signed recommendation from the
superintendent of schools for the local or regional board of education or by the superintendent of a nonpublic school approved by the State Board of Education shall be evidence
of competency. Such recommendation shall state that the person who holds or has held
a provisional teaching certificate has successfully completed at least three school years
of satisfactory teaching for one or more local or regional boards of education or approved
nonpublic schools. Each applicant for a certificate pursuant to this subsection shall
provide to the Department of Education, in such manner and form as prescribed by
the commissioner, evidence that the applicant has successfully completed coursework
pursuant to subsection (h) or (j) of this section, as appropriate. Any person holding a
standard or permanent certificate on July 1, 1989, shall be eligible to receive upon
application a professional educator certificate to replace said standard or permanent
certificate. On and after July 1, 1989, standard and permanent certificates shall no longer
be valid.
(j) On or after July 1, 1989, to qualify for a professional educator certificate, a person
who holds or has held a provisional educator certificate under subsection (g) of this
section shall have completed thirty credit hours of course work beyond the baccalaureate
degree. It is not necessary that such course work be taken for a master's degree and such
work may include graduate or undergraduate courses. Such course work shall consist
of (1) a planned program at an institution of higher education accredited by the board
of governors or regionally accredited and shall be related directly to the subject areas
or grade levels for which the person holds endorsement or shall be in an area or areas
related to the person's ability to provide instruction effectively or to meet locally determined goals and objectives or (2) an individual program which is mutually determined
or approved by the teacher and the supervisory agent of the local or regional board of
education or by the supervisory agent of a nonpublic school approved by the State Board
of Education. Such program shall be designed to increase the ability of the teacher to
improve student learning.
(k) (1) Unless otherwise provided in regulations adopted under section 10-145d,
in not less than three years or more than eight years after the issuance of a provisional
educator certificate pursuant to subsection (g) of this section and upon the statement of
the superintendent in whose school district such certificate holder was employed, or the
supervisory agent of a nonpublic school approved by the State Board of Education,
in whose school such certificate holder was employed, that the provisional educator
certificate holder and such superintendent or supervisory agent have mutually determined or approved an individual program pursuant to subdivision (2) of subsection (j)
of this section and upon the statement of such superintendent or supervisory agent that
such certificate holder has a record of competency in the discharge of such certificate
holder's duties during such provisional period, the state board upon receipt of a proper
application shall issue such certificate holder a professional educator certificate. A
signed recommendation from the superintendent of schools, or the superintendent's
designee, for the local or regional board of education or from the supervisory agent
of a nonpublic school approved by the State Board of Education shall be evidence of
competency. Such recommendation shall state that the person who holds or has held a
provisional educator certificate has successfully completed at least three school years
of satisfactory teaching for one or more local or regional boards of education or such
nonpublic schools. Each applicant for a certificate pursuant to this subsection shall
provide to the Department of Education, in such manner and form as prescribed by
the commissioner, evidence that the applicant has successfully completed coursework
pursuant to subsection (h) or (j) of this section, as appropriate.
(2) Upon receipt of a proper application, the State Board of Education shall issue
to a teacher from another state, territory or possession of the United States or the District
of Columbia or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico who (A) is nationally board certified
by an organization deemed appropriate by the Commissioner of Education to issue such
certifications, and (B) has taught in another state, territory or possession of the United
States or the District of Columbia or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico for a minimum
of three years in the preceding ten years (i) a provisional educator certificate with the
appropriate endorsement, or (ii) if such teacher has completed thirty credit hours of
coursework beyond the baccalaureate degree, in accordance with subdivision (1) of
subsection (j) of this section, a professional educator certificate with the appropriate
endorsement, subject to the provisions of subsection (m) of this section relating to denial
of applications for certification.
(l) (1) For certified employees of local and regional boards of education, except as
provided in this subdivision, each professional educator certificate shall be valid for
five years and continued every five years thereafter upon the successful completion of
professional development activities which shall consist of not less than ninety hours
of continuing education, as determined by the local or regional board of education in
accordance with this section, or documented completion of a national board certification
assessment in the appropriate endorsement area, during each successive five-year period. (A) Such continuing education completed by certified employees with an early
childhood nursery through grade three or an elementary endorsement who hold a position requiring such an endorsement shall include at least fifteen hours of training in
the teaching of reading and reading readiness and assessment of reading performance,
including methods of teaching language skills necessary for reading, reading comprehension skills, phonics and the structure of the English language during each five-year
period. (B) Such continuing education requirement completed by certified employees
with elementary, middle grades or secondary academic endorsements who hold a position requiring such an endorsement shall include at least fifteen hours of training in the
use of computers in the classroom during each five-year period unless such employees
are able to demonstrate technology competency, in a manner determined by their local
or regional board of education, based on state-wide standards for teacher competency
in the use of technology for instructional purposes adopted pursuant to section 4d-85.
(C) Such continuing education completed by (i) the superintendent of schools, and (ii)
employees employed in positions requiring an intermediate administrator or supervisory
certificate, or the equivalent thereof, and whose administrative or supervisory duties
equal at least fifty per cent of their assigned time, shall include at least fifteen hours of
training in the evaluation of teachers pursuant to section 10-151b during each five-year
period. (D) In the case of certified employees with a bilingual education endorsement
who hold positions requiring such an endorsement (i) in an elementary school and who
do not hold an endorsement in elementary education, such continuing education taken
on or after July 1, 1999, shall only count toward the ninety-hour requirement if it is in
language arts, reading and mathematics, and (ii) in a middle or secondary school and
who do not hold an endorsement in the subject area they teach, such continuing education
taken on or after July 1, 1999, shall only count toward the ninety-hour requirement if
it is in such subject area or areas. During each five-year period in which a professional
educator certificate is valid, a holder of such certificate who has not completed the ninety
hours of continuing education required pursuant to this subdivision, and who has not
been employed while holding such certificate by a local or regional board of education
for all or part of the five-year period, shall, upon application, be reissued such certificate
for five years minus any period of time such holder was employed while holding such
certificate by a local or regional board of education, provided there shall be only one
such reissuance during each five-year period in which such certificate is valid. A certified
employee of a local or regional board of education who is a member of the General
Assembly and who has not completed the ninety hours of continuing education required
pursuant to this subdivision for continuation of a certificate, upon application, shall be
reissued a professional educator certificate for a period of time equal to six months for
each year the employee served in the General Assembly during the previous five years.
Continuing education hours completed during the previous five years shall be applied
toward such ninety-hour requirement which shall be completed during the reissuance
period in order for such employee to be eligible to have a certificate continued. The cost
of the professional development activities required under this subsection for certified
employees of local or regional boards of education shall be shared by the state and local
or regional boards of education, except for those activities identified by the State Board
of Education as the responsibility of the certificate holder. Each local and regional board
of education shall make available, annually, at no cost to its certified employees not
fewer than eighteen hours of professional development activities for continuing education credit. Such activities may be made available by a board of education directly,
through a regional educational service center or cooperative arrangement with another
board of education or through arrangements with any continuing education provider
approved by the State Board of Education. Local and regional boards of education shall
grant continuing education credit for professional development activities which the certified employees of the board of education are required to attend, professional development activities offered in accordance with the plan developed pursuant to subsection
(b) of section 10-220a, or professional development activities which the board may
approve for any individual certified employee. Each board of education shall determine
the specific professional development activities to be made available with the advice
and assistance of the teachers employed by such board, including representatives of the
exclusive bargaining unit for such teachers pursuant to section 10-153b. The time and
location for the provision of such activities shall be in accordance with either an
agreement between the board of education and the exclusive bargaining unit pursuant
to said section 10-153b or, in the absence of such agreement or to the extent such
agreement does not provide for the time and location of all such activities, in accordance
with a determination by the board of education.
(2) Each local and regional board of education shall attest to the state Department
of Education, in such form and at such time as the commissioner shall prescribe, that
professional development activities for which continuing education credit is granted by
the board: (A) Are planned in response to identified needs, (B) are provided by qualified
instructional personnel, as appropriate, (C) have the requirements for participation in
the activity shared with participants before the commencement of the activity, (D) are
evaluated in terms of its effectiveness and its contribution to the attainment of school
or district-wide goals, and (E) are documented in accordance with procedures established by the State Board of Education. At the end of each five-year period each professional educator shall attest to the state Department of Education, in such form and at such
time as the commissioner shall prescribe, that the professional educator has successfully
completed ninety hours of continuing education.
(3) In the event that the state Department of Education notifies the local or regional
board of education that the provisions of subdivision (2) of this subsection have not
been met and that specific corrective action is necessary, the local or regional board
of education shall take such corrective action immediately. The department shall not
invalidate continuing education credit awarded prior to such notice.
(m) (1) The State Board of Education may revoke any certificate, authorization or
permit issued pursuant to sections 10-144o to 10-149, inclusive, for any of the following
reasons: (A) The holder of the certificate, authorization or permit obtained such certificate, authorization or permit through fraud or misrepresentation of a material fact; (B)
the holder has persistently neglected to perform the duties for which the certificate,
authorization or permit was granted; (C) the holder is professionally unfit to perform
the duties for which the certificate, authorization or permit was granted; (D) the holder
is convicted in a court of law of a crime involving moral turpitude or of any other
crime of such nature that in the opinion of the board continued holding of a certificate,
authorization or permit by the person would impair the standing of certificates, authorizations or permits issued by the board; or (E) other due and sufficient cause. The State
Board of Education shall revoke any certificate, authorization or permit issued pursuant
to said sections if the holder is found to have intentionally disclosed specific questions
or answers to students or otherwise improperly breached the security of any administration of a state-wide examination pursuant to section 10-14n. In any revocation proceeding pursuant to this section, the State Board of Education shall have the burden of establishing the reason for such revocation by a preponderance of the evidence. Revocation
shall be in accordance with procedures established by the State Board of Education
pursuant to chapter 54.
(2) When the Commissioner of Education is notified, pursuant to section 10-149a
or 17a-101i that a person holding a certificate, authorization or permit issued by the
State Board of Education under the provisions of sections 10-144o to 10-149, inclusive,
has been convicted of (A) a capital felony, pursuant to section 53a-54b, (B) arson murder,
pursuant to section 53a-54d, (C) a class A felony, (D) a class B felony, except a violation
of section 53a-122, 53a-252 or 53a-291, (E) a crime involving an act of child abuse or
neglect as described in section 46b-120, or (F) a violation of section 53-21, 53-37a, 53a-60b, 53a-60c, 53a-71, 53a-72a, 53a-72b, 53a-73a, 53a-88, 53a-99, 53a-103a, 53a-181c,
53a-191, 53a-196, 53a-196c, 53a-216, 53a-217b or 21a-278 or subsection (a) of section
21a-277, any certificate, permit or authorization issued by the State Board of Education
and held by such person shall be deemed revoked and the commissioner shall notify such
person of such revocation, provided such person may request reconsideration pursuant to
regulations adopted by the State Board of Education, in accordance with the provisions
of chapter 54.
(3) The State Board of Education may deny an application for a certificate, authorization or permit for any of the following reasons: (A) The applicant seeks to obtain a
certificate, authorization or permit through fraud or misrepresentation of a material fact;
(B) the applicant has been convicted in a court of law of a crime involving moral turpitude
or of any other crime of such nature that in the opinion of the board issuance of a
certificate, authorization or permit would impair the standing of certificates, authorizations or permits issued by the board; or (C) other due and sufficient cause. Any applicant
denied a certificate, authorization or permit shall be notified in writing of the reasons
for denial. Any applicant denied a certificate, authorization or permit may request a
review of such denial by the State Board of Education.
(n) Within thirty days after receipt of notification, any initial educator certificate
holder who is not granted a provisional educator certificate, or any provisional certificate
holder who is not granted a standard certificate, or any provisional educator or provisional teaching certificate holder who is not granted a professional educator certificate,
or any professional educator certificate holder who is not granted a continuation, under
the provisions of sections 10-145a to 10-145d, inclusive, and 10-146b, may appeal to
the State Board of Education for reconsideration. Said board shall review the records
of the appropriate certification period, hold a hearing within sixty days if such hearing
is requested in writing and render a written decision within thirty days. Any teacher
aggrieved by the decision of said board may appeal therefrom in accordance with the
provisions of section 4-183 and such appeal shall be privileged with respect to assignment thereof.
(o) For the purposes of this section "supervisory agent" means the superintendent
of schools or the principal, administrator or supervisor designated by such superintendent to provide direct supervision to a provisional certificate holder.
(p) Upon application to the State Board of Education for the issuance of any certificate in accordance with this section and section 10-145d there shall be paid to the board
by or on behalf of the applicant a nonreturnable fee of one hundred dollars in the case
of an applicant for an initial educator certificate, two hundred dollars in the case of an
applicant for a provisional educator certificate and three hundred dollars in the case of
an applicant for a professional educator certificate, except that applicants for certificates
for teaching adult education programs mandated under subdivision (1) of subsection
(a) of section 10-69 shall pay a fee of fifty dollars; persons eligible for a certificate or
endorsement for which the fee is less than that applied for shall receive an appropriate
refund; persons not eligible for any certificate shall receive a refund of the application
fee minus fifty dollars; and persons holding standard or permanent certificates on July
1, 1989, who apply for professional certificates to replace the standard or permanent
certificates, shall not be required to pay such a fee. Upon application to the State Board
of Education for the issuance of a subject area endorsement there shall be paid to the
board by or on behalf of such applicant a nonreturnable fee of fifty dollars. With each
request for a duplicate copy of any such certificate or endorsement there shall be paid
to the board a nonreturnable fee of twenty-five dollars.
(P.A. 74-331, S. 2, 7; P.A. 76-373, S. 1, 2; 76-436, S. 470, 681; P.A. 77-573, S. 24, 30; 77-603, S. 8, 125; P.A. 78-218,
S. 97, 212; P.A. 82-218, S. 37, 46; P.A. 83-134, S. 1, 2; 83-587, S. 13, 96; P.A. 84-241, S. 2, 5; 84-298, S. 1, 2; May Sp.
Sess. P.A. 86-1, S. 23, 58; P.A. 87-499, S. 7, 34; P.A. 88-273, S. 2, 9; 88-360, S. 14-18, 63; P.A. 89-137, S. 2-5, 11, 12,
14; 89-251, S. 67, 203; P.A. 90-230, S. 78, 101; 90-325, S. 1, 14, 15; P.A. 91-208, S. 1, 11; 91-288, S. 1; May Sp. Sess.
P.A. 92-6, S. 1, 2, 117; P.A. 93-70, S. 1, 2; 93-353, S. 15-18, 52; P.A. 94-221, S. 20; P.A. 95-58, S. 1, 4; 95-259, S. 14,
32; P.A. 96-244, S. 11, 12, 63; 96-246, S. 15; P.A. 98-243, S. 15, 25; 98-252, S. 37, 44, 80; P.A. 99-211, S. 9, 10; P.A. 00-220, S. 7, 43; P.A. 01-173, S. 15, 53, 67; P.A. 02-106, S. 5, 6, 8; P.A. 03-76, S. 44; P.A. 04-138, S. 1; P.A. 05-288, S. 49.)
History: P.A. 76-373 added Subsec. (g) re fees for teaching certificates; P.A. 76-436 amended Subsec. (e) to replace
court of common pleas with superior court and to specify county or judicial district of residence, effective July 1, 1978;
P.A. 77-573 substituted board of higher education for commission for higher education; P.A. 77-603 amended appeal
provisions in Subsec. (e) to provide that appeals be in accordance with Sec. 4-183; P.A. 78-218 substituted "local" for
"town" and "board of education" for "school district" throughout section, made reasons for revocation new Subsec. (e),
removing them from Subsec. (d), and relettered former Subsecs. (e) to (g) accordingly; P.A. 82-218 replaced board of
higher education with board of governors pursuant to reorganization of higher education system, effective March 1, 1983;
P.A. 83-134 amended Subsec. (e) to clarify authority of board to revoke provisional certification; P.A. 83-587 made a
technical amendment to Subsec. (c), replacing board of higher education with board of governors; P.A. 84-241 added "of
higher education" to board of governors' title; P.A. 84-298 inserted new Subsec. (b) which requires candidates for certification to satisfactorily complete a course in special education and requires state board of education to report to the education
committee upon the adoption of certification regulations requiring completion of a special education course and relettered
subsequent Subsecs. accordingly; May Sp. Sess. P.A. 86-1 made provisions for initial educator, temporary ninety-day,
provisional educator and professional educator certificates; made standard and permanent certificates invalid after July 1,
1988; deleted description of what may be included in an individual program for a standard certificate and requirement re
final years prior to eligibility for a standard certificate, and made other technical changes; P.A. 87-499 in Subsec. (a)
delayed, from July 1, 1990, to July 1, 1992, the requirement that applicants for initial educator certificates have completed
a subject area major; in Subsec. (c) provided that the requirements re temporary ninety-day certificates and the issuance
of initial educator certificates to the holders of such temporary certificates be in regulation rather than in the subsection
that the temporary certificates not be issued until July 1, 1988; in Subsec. (e) clarified that the completion of a special
education course is a prerequisite to obtaining provisional teaching and initial educator certificates; in Subsec. (g) added
to the requirements for a provisional educator certificate that the person have met the requirements for an initial educator
certificate and that the person may have taught for at least one year in the state; in Subsec. (h) described what may be
included in an individual program; in Subsecs. (i) and (k) provided that other requirements may be provided in regulation;
in Subsec (k) added that the person may have taught in a nonpublic school; in Subsec. (p) provided exceptions to the fee
requirement; changed "holder" to "person who holds or has held" and made technical changes; P.A. 88-273 in Subsecs.
(a), (c), (g), (i) and (j) substituted July 1, 1989, for July 1, 1988, as the date after which initial, provisional and professional
educator certificates are issued; in Subsecs. (d), (h) and (i) substituted July 1, 1989, for July 1, 1988, as the date before
which provisional and standard teaching certificates are issued; in Subsec. (a) substituted July 1, 1993, for July 1, 1992,
as the date after which applicants for initial educator certificates shall have completed a subject area major; in Subsec. (c)
added Subdiv. descriptions and in new subdivision substituted a description of the conditions which must be met for the
issuance of a temporary ninety-day certificate for the provision that such a certificate be issued pursuant to regulations
and added new Subdiv. (2) re participation in a beginning support and assessment program; in Subsec. (l) added Subdiv.
designations and provided that continuing education units or their equivalent be determined by local or regional boards of
education rather than defined by the state board of education and that commencing July 1, 1989, local and regional boards
of education make not fewer than eighteen hours of professional development activities available at no cost and in accordance with the subsection; and in Subsec. (p) substituted July 1, 1989, for July 1, 1988; P.A. 88-360 in Subsec. (e) made
the requirements of the Subsec. apply to eligibility for a provisional educator certificate, specified that the required course
be a course of study comprised of not fewer than thirty-six hours and provided exceptions to the requirements of the
subsection, in Subdiv. (3) of Subsec. (g) substituted having taught "for the 1988-1989 school year under a temporary
emergency permit" for having taught "for a period of at least one year", in Subsec. (m) added provisions for the denial of
an application for certification, made Subsec. (p) apply upon applications for the issuance of any certificate in accordance
with Sec. 10-145d and added Subsec. (q) re the reissuance of provisional teaching and provisional educator certificates;
P.A. 89-137 in Subsec. (a) provided an exception to the requirement that initial educator certificates be valid for one year
of employment, in Subdiv. (3) of Subsec. (c) provided that an initial educator certificate issued to a person who has taught
while holding a temporary ninety-day certificate be valid for one and one-half years and be nonrenewable, in Subdiv. (2)
of Subsec. (e) made applicants who have not completed the course in special education and who held temporary ninety-day certificates within one year of application for provisional educator or initial educator certificates eligible for certificates
for periods not to exceed two years, in Subsec. (i) provided that the statement of a record of competency may be from an
approved nonpublic school and that evidence of the completion of certain course work be provided to the department of
education by the applicant rather than by the employing board of education, in Subsec. (k) provided that the statement of
a record of competency may be from the superintendent of an approved nonpublic school, that there be a statement from
the superintendent that the certificate holder and the superintendent have mutually determined or approved an individual
program and that evidence of certain course work be provided to the department of education by the applicant rather than
by the superintendent and in Subsec. (m) expanded the types of certificates which the state board of education has the
authority to revoke to those issued pursuant to Secs. 10-144o to 10-149, inclusive, and made a technical change; P.A. 89-251 increased fee for a certificate from fifteen dollars to eighteen dollars and for a duplicate from five dollars to six dollars;
P.A. 90-230 made a technical correction in Subsec. (k); P.A. 90-325 in Subsec. (a) provided that the board of governors
of higher education not have to accredit teacher training equivalents taken out of state, in Subdiv. (3) of Subsec. (c) deleted
provisions that the one and one-half years that an initial educator certificate issued pursuant to the subdivision is valid
begins on the date of issuance and that such a certificate be nonrenewable and in Subsec. (g) added Subdiv. (4) re issuance of
a provisional educator certificate to a person who has taught with a provisional teaching certificate for the year immediately
preceding an application for a provisional educator certificate; P.A. 91-208 in Subparagraph (B) (iv) of Subsec. (c) deleted
reference to program developed through institute for effective teaching and substituted reference to program provided
under contract with institution designated by higher education department; P.A. 91-288 in Subsec. (l) changed the requirement from nine continuing education units to ninety hours of continuing education, added the provisions concerning
members of the general assembly, added language requiring boards of education to grant credit for activities offered in
accordance with the plan developed pursuant to Sec. 10-220a or activities which the board approves for any individual
certified employee, added in Subdiv. (2) evaluation of activities in terms of contribution to school goals and provision for
each educator to attest to the state department of education that continuing education hours have been completed; May
Sp. Sess. P.A. 92-6 amended Subsec. (a) to provide for a certificate of eligibility and Subsec. (p) to establish specific fees
for certificate of eligibility, initial educator certificate, provisional educator certificate, professional educator certificate,
and to provide exceptions for applicants for certificates for teaching adult education programs and other exceptions and
provide a fee for issuance of a subject area endorsement; (Revisor's note: In 1993 obsolete references to "subsection (a)
of section 10-146f" in Subsecs. (f) and (n) were deleted editorially by the Revisors since Sec. 10-146f is repealed); P.A.
93-70 amended Subdiv. (1) of Subsec. (l) to add the provision concerning reissuance of certificate for unemployed teachers
who have not completed required continuing education and made technical changes, effective May 10, 1993; P.A. 93-353
amended Subsec. (a) to remove provision tying the validity and extension of the initial educator certificate to employment
in a public school and made technical changes, amended Subsec. (b) to clarify that participation in a beginning educator
program is required only if there is such a program for such person's certification endorsement area, amended Subdiv. (1)
of Subsec. (c) to add the certification endorsement areas of middle grades education and administration and supervision,
and to remove obsolete language and amended Subsec. (e) to delete the exception in Subdiv. (2) for applicants who hold
a temporary ninety-day certificate or held such certificate within one year of application for a provisional educator or initial
educator certificate, to remove a report to the general assembly on the adoption of regulations containing the provisions
of Subsec. (c) and to remove obsolete language, effective July 1, 1993; P.A. 94-221 amended Subsec. (m) to provide for
the automatic revocation of certificates issued by the State Board of Education for persons convicted of crimes involving
child abuse or violations of Sec. 53a-71 or 53a-73a, to require the commissioner to notify such persons of the revocation
and to allow such persons to request reconsideration; P.A. 95-58 amended Subsec. (l) to add requirement for superintendents
and certain administrators to complete training in the evaluation of teachers, effective July 1, 1995; P.A. 95-259 amended
Subsec. (m) to require the revocation of any certificate if the holder intentionally discloses information on or breaches the
security of the examination pursuant to Sec. 10-14n, effective July 6, 1995; P.A. 96-244 amended Subsec. (a) to increase
the period of validity for an initial educator certificate from "one" to "two" years and amended Subsec. (c)(3) to increase
the period of validity for an initial educator certificate from "one and one-half" to "two" years, effective July 1, 1996; P.A.
96-246 amended Subsec. (m) by changing reference to Subsec. (f) of Sec. 17a-101 to Sec. 17a-101i; P.A. 98-243 amended
Subdiv. (1) of Subsec. (l) to add new Subpara. (A) re requirement for training in the teaching of reading for certain certified
employees and redesignated existing Subparas. (A) and (B) as Subpara. (B) (i) and (B) (ii), effective July 1, 1998; P.A.
98-252 amended Subsec. (a) to remove provision for the issuance of a certificate of eligibility, amended Subsec. (a) and
Subdiv. (3) of Subsec. (c) to make the initial educator certificate valid for three years instead of two years, amended Subdiv.
(1) of Subsec. (l) to add requirement for continuing education for certain employees to include at least fifteen hours of
training in the use of computers in the classroom, and amended Subsec. (p) by deleting provision re certificate of eligibility,
effective July 1, 1998; P.A. 99-211 amended Subsec. (l)(l) to add Subpara. (D) re certified employees with bilingual
education endorsements, effective July 1, 1999; P.A. 00-220 amended Subsec. (m) to require the State Board of Education
in any revocation proceeding to establish the reason for the revocation by a preponderance of the evidence, effective July
1, 2000; P.A. 01-173 amended Subsec. (l)(1) to allow completion of a national board certification assessment to meet the
requirement for continuing education, to expand the requirement for training in the use of computers to cover secondary
school teachers and add provision re demonstration of technology competence and to make technical changes for the
purposes of gender neutrality, and amended Subsec. (m) to apply the provisions to authorizations and permits, to expand the
crimes for which conviction results in a person's certificate, authorization or permit being deemed revoked, to redesignate
existing Subdivs. (1) to (5) as Subparas. (A) to (E) of Subdiv. (1) and to divide provisions into new Subdivs. (1) to (3),
effective July 1, 2001; P.A. 02-106 amended Subsec. (g) by adding reference to superintendent's designee in Subdiv. (1),
by adding provisions re attestation in Subdiv. (2) and by making a technical change and amended Subsec. (k) by adding
references to supervisory agent and superintendent's designee and by making a technical change for purposes of gender
neutrality, effective July 1, 2002, and amended Subsec. (m)(2) by adding reference to Sec. 10-149a; P.A. 03-76 made
technical changes in Subsec. (l)(1)(C), effective June 3, 2003; P.A. 04-138 amended Subsec. (k) by designating existing
provisions as Subdiv. (1) and adding Subdiv. (2) re certification of teachers who are nationally board certified, effective
July 1, 2004; P.A. 05-288 made a technical change in Subsec. (k)(1), effective July 13, 2005.
See Sec. 17a-101 re certification revocation upon conviction of a crime involving an act of child abuse.
Cited. 238 C. 1. Cited. 240 C. 119.
Subsec. (i):
Statute constitutional as applied to holding of standard or permanent certificates. 210 C. 286.
Subsec. (l):
Cited. 210 C. 286.
Subsec. (m):
Cited. 210 C. 286. Cited. 221 C. 549.
Subdiv. (3) cited. 45 CA 476. Subdiv. (5) cited. Id.
Subsec. (n):
Cited. 210 C. 286.
Subsec. (p):
Cited. 210 C. 286.
| (Return to Chapter Table of Contents) | (Return to List of Chapters) | (Return to List of Titles) |
Sec. 10-145c. Election of persons certified provisionally before July 1, 1974.
Section 10-145c is repealed, effective July 1, 1993.
(P.A. 74-331, S. 3, 7; P.A. 93-353, S. 51, 52.)
| (Return to Chapter Table of Contents) | (Return to List of Chapters) | (Return to List of Titles) |
Sec. 10-145d. State board regulations for teacher certificates. Certification of
school business administrators; membership in teachers' retirement system; applicability of teacher tenure law. Certification of computer science teachers. Endorsement to teach elementary education and comprehensive special education. Teaching experience in birth-to-three programs. (a) The State Board of Education shall,
pursuant to chapter 54, adopt such regulations as may be necessary to carry out the
provisions of sections 10-144o, 10-145a to 10-145d, inclusive, 10-145f and 10-146b.
Such regulations shall provide for (1) the establishment of an appeal panel to review
any decision to deny the issuance of a certificate authorized under said section 10-145b;
(2) the establishment of requirements for subject area endorsements; (3) the extension
of the time to complete requirements for certificates under said section 10-145b; (4)
the establishment of requirements for administrator and supervisor certificates; (5) the
composition of, and the procedures to be utilized by, the assessment teams in implementing the beginning educator program; (6) procedures and criteria for issuing certificates
to persons whose certificates have lapsed or persons with non-public-school or out-of-state teaching experience; (7) the criteria for defining a major course of study; (8) a
requirement that on and after July 1, 1993, in order to be eligible to obtain an initial
educator certificate with an elementary endorsement, each person be required to complete a survey course in United States history comprised of not fewer than three semester
hours; and (9) a requirement that on and after July 1, 2004, in order to be eligible to
obtain an initial educator certificate with an early childhood nursery through grade three
or an elementary endorsement, each person be required to complete a comprehensive
reading instruction course comprised of not less than six semester hours. Such regulations may provide for exceptions to accommodate specific certification endorsement
areas.
(b) The State Board of Education shall, pursuant to chapter 54, adopt regulations
to provide standards for the certification of school business administrators. Such regulations shall make provision for certification requirements to be met by either (1) completion of prescribed courses of study or (2) such other experience as the state board shall
deem appropriate for the position of school business administrator. Any person serving
in the position of school business administrator on July 1, 1983, shall be considered as
having met all requirements for certification. The regulations shall also contain standards
to certify individuals who hold certification from a state other than Connecticut.
(c) Any individual certified as a school business administrator after July 1, 1983,
pursuant to regulations adopted by the State Board of Education in accordance with
the provisions of subsection (b) of this section shall not be deemed to be eligible for
membership in the teachers' retirement system solely by reason of such certification,
provided any such individual who holds a regular teacher's certificate issued by the
State Board of Education shall not be excluded from membership in said system.
(d) Any individual certified as a school business administrator pursuant to regulations adopted by the state board in accordance with the provisions of subsection (b) of
this section, shall not be deemed to be included in the definition of "teacher" in subdivision (2) of subsection (a) of section 10-151 solely by reason of such certification, provided any such individual who holds a regular teacher's certificate issued by the State
Board of Education and is employed as a teacher, principal, supervisor or school superintendent shall not be excluded from such definition.
(e) The State Board of Education shall adopt regulations, in accordance with chapter
54, to provide standards for the certification of computer science teachers. Such regulations shall make provision for certification requirements to be met by either (1) completion of prescribed courses of study, or (2) such other experience as the state board shall
deem appropriate.
(f) An endorsement to teach elementary education grades one to six, inclusive, shall
be valid for grades kindergarten to six, inclusive, and an endorsement to teach comprehensive special education grades one to twelve, inclusive, shall be valid for grades
kindergarten to twelve, inclusive.
(g) For the purposes of issuance of certificates, permits and authorizations by the
State Board of Education under the provisions of sections 10-144o to 10-149, inclusive,
teaching experience in approved nonpublic schools shall include teaching experience
in birth-to-three programs approved by the Department of Mental Retardation.
(P.A. 74-331, S. 6, 7; P.A. 83-423, S. 1, 2; P.A. 84-255, S. 8, 21; May Sp. Sess. P.A. 86-1, S. 24, 58; P.A. 87-499, S.
8, 34; P.A. 89-237, S. 10, 11; P.A. 98-243, S. 14, 25; P.A. 00-187, S. 39, 75; P.A. 03-168, S. 3, 4; June 30 Sp. Sess. P.A.
03-6, S. 33.)
History: P.A. 83-423 added Subsecs. (b) and (c) requiring state board to adopt regulations for the certification of school
business administrators specifying that eligibility for membership in the teachers' retirement system shall not be based
solely on such certification as a school business administrator; P.A. 84-255 added Subsec. (d) concerning applicability of
teacher tenure law to individuals certified as school business administrators; May Sp. Sess. P.A. 86-1 in Subsec. (a) added
Subdivs. (1) to (7), inclusive, re content of regulations; P.A. 87-499 in Subsec. (a) provided that the state board of education
adopt regulations re certificate definitions and testing for prospective teachers and that it may, by regulation, provide for
exceptions for specific certification endorsement areas; P.A. 89-237 in Subsec. (a) added new Subdiv. (8) requiring the
completion of a survey course in United States history in order to be eligible to obtain certain initial educator certificates;
(Revisor's note: In 1993 an obsolete reference in Subsec. (a) to "subsection (a) of section 10-146f" was deleted since Sec.
10-146f is repealed); P.A. 98-243 amended Subsec. (a) to make a technical change in Subdiv. (8) and add new Subdiv. (9) re
requirement for comprehensive reading instruction course in order to be eligible to obtain certain initial educator certificates,
effective July 1, 1998; P.A. 00-187 added Subsec. (e) re certification of computer science teachers, effective July 1, 2000;
P.A. 03-168 amended Subsec. (a)(9) by substituting "July 1, 2004" for "July 1, 2003", effective July 1, 2003, and added
new Subsec. (f) re endorsements to teach elementary education and comprehensive special education and new Subsec. (g)
re experience in birth-to-three programs, effective June 26, 2003; June 30 Sp. Sess. P.A. 03-6 amended Subsec. (f) by
adding references to grades one to six and one to twelve, effective August 20, 2003.
See Sec. 4d-86 re state-wide standard for teacher and administrator competency in use of technology for instructional
purposes.
Cited. 240 C. 119.
Cited. 5 CA 253.
Subsec. (a):
Cited. 210 C. 286.
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Sec. 10-145e. Certification for occupational subjects. Notwithstanding any provision of the general statutes, or of any special act or of the regulations promulgated by
the State Board of Education pursuant to section 10-145d, to the contrary, any individual
who, prior to July 1, 1977, was employed as an occupational instructor by a local or
regional board of education or the State Board of Education and who held an occupational certificate on said date, shall qualify for and be granted a standard certificate as
an occupational instructor.
(P.A. 77-297; P.A. 78-18.)
History: P.A. 78-18 substituted "1977" for "1976".
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Sec. 10-145f. Testing for prospective teachers. (a) No person shall be formally
admitted to a State Board of Education approved teacher preparation program until such
person has achieved satisfactory scores on all components, in one administration, or,
on and after January 1, 1995, has achieved satisfactory scores on all components of
the state reading, writing and mathematics competency examination prescribed by and
administered under the direction of the board, or has achieved a combined score of one
thousand or more on a Scholastic Aptitude Test administered on or before March 31,
1995, or a combined score of eleven hundred or more on a Scholastic Aptitude Test
administered on or after April 1, 1995, or an equivalent score as determined by the board
on a test deemed equivalent by the board, provided, if the Scholastic Aptitude Test or
the equivalent test was a non-English-language version, the person shall demonstrate a
satisfactory level of English proficiency as determined by the board on a test prescribed
by the board. Such competency examination shall be conducted at least twice during
each year.
(b) (1) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (i) of section 10-145b, any person who does not hold a valid certificate pursuant to section 10-145b shall (A) achieve
satisfactory scores on all components, in one administration, or, on and after January 1,
1995, satisfactory scores on all components of the state reading, writing and mathematics
competency examination prescribed by and administered under the direction of the
board, or achieve a combined score of one thousand or more on a Scholastic Aptitude
Test administered on or before March 31, 1995, or a combined score of eleven hundred
or more on a Scholastic Aptitude Test administered on or after April 1, 1995, or an
equivalent score as determined by the board on a test deemed equivalent by the board,
provided, if the Scholastic Aptitude Test or the equivalent test is a non-English-language
version, the person shall demonstrate a satisfactory level of English proficiency as determined by the board on a test prescribed by the board, and (B) achieve a satisfactory
evaluation on the appropriate State Board of Education approved subject area assessment in order to be eligible for a certificate pursuant to said section unless such assessment has not been approved by the State Board of Education at the time of application,
in which case the applicant shall not be denied a certificate solely because of the lack
of an evaluation on such assessment.
(2) Any person applying for an additional certification endorsement shall achieve
a satisfactory evaluation on the appropriate State Board of Education approved subject
area assessment in order to be eligible for such additional endorsement, unless such
assessment has not been approved by the State Board of Education at the time of application, in which case the applicant shall not be denied the additional endorsement solely
because of the lack of an evaluation on such assessment. The State Board of Education
shall complete the development of such area assessments for all appropriate endorsements not later than December 1, 1990.
(3) (A) On and after July 1, 1992, any teacher who held a valid teaching certificate
but whose certificate lapsed and who had completed all requirements for the issuance
of a new certificate pursuant to section 10-145b, except for filing an application for such
certificate, prior to the date on which the lapse occurred, may file, within one year of
the date on which the lapse occurred, an application with the Commissioner of Education
for the issuance of such certificate. Upon the filing of such an application, the commissioner may grant such certificate and such certificate shall be retroactive to the date on
which the lapse occurred, provided the commissioner finds that the lapse of the certificate occurred as a result of a hardship or extenuating circumstances beyond the control
of the applicant. If such teacher has attained tenure and is reemployed by the same board
of education in any equivalent unfilled position for which the person is qualified as a
result of the issuance of a certificate pursuant to this subdivision, the lapse period shall
not constitute a break in employment for such person reemployed and shall be used for
the purpose of calculating continuous employment pursuant to section 10-151. If such
teacher has not attained tenure, the time unemployed due to the lapse of a certificate
shall not be counted toward tenure, except that if such teacher is reemployed by the
same board of education as a result of the issuance of a certificate pursuant to this
subdivision, such teacher may count the previous continuous employment immediately
prior to the lapse towards tenure. Using information provided by the Teachers' Retirement Board, the Department of Education shall annually notify each local or regional
board of education of the name of each teacher employed by such board of education
whose provisional certificate will expire during the period of twelve months following
such notice. Upon receipt of such notice the superintendent of each local and regional
board of education shall notify each such teacher in writing, at such teacher's last known
address, that the teacher's provisional certificate will expire. (B) Notwithstanding the
provisions of this subdivision to the contrary, for any teacher employed by a local or
regional board of education or on authorized leave from such a board of education, during
the 1987-1988 school year, (i) whose teaching certificate lapsed on or after January 15,
1988, (ii) who successfully completed the competency examination in accordance with
the provisions of this section subsequent to the date on which the lapse occurred, (iii)
whose teaching certificate was reissued subsequent to the date on which the lapse occurred, and (iv) who was reemployed by the same board of education during the 1988-1989 school year, such lapse period shall not constitute a break in employment for such
teacher and shall be used for the purpose of calculating continuous employment pursuant
to section 10-151.
(4) Notwithstanding the provisions of this subsection to the contrary, to be eligible
for a certificate to teach subjects for which a bachelor's degree is not required, any
applicant who is otherwise eligible for certification in such endorsement areas shall be
entitled to a certificate without having met the requirements of the competency examination and subject area assessment pursuant to this subsection for a period not to exceed two
years, except that for a certificate to teach skilled trades or trade-related or occupational
subjects, the commissioner may waive the requirement that the applicant take the competency examination. The commissioner may, upon the showing of good cause, extend
the certificate.
(c) Notwithstanding the provisions of this section and section 10-145b, the following persons shall be eligible for a nonrenewable temporary certificate: (1) A person who
has resided in a state other than Connecticut during the year immediately preceding
application for certification in Connecticut and meets the requirements for certification,
excluding successful completion of the competency examination and subject matter
assessment, if such person holds current teacher certification in a state other than Connecticut and has completed at least one year of successful teaching in another state in
a public school or a nonpublic school approved by the appropriate state board of education, (2) a person who has graduated from a teacher preparation program at a college
or university outside of the state and regionally accredited, and meets the requirements
for certification, excluding successful completion of the competency examination and
subject matter assessment, and (3) a person hired by a charter school after July first in
any school year for a teaching position that school year, provided the person hired after
said date could reasonably be expected to complete the requirements prescribed in subparagraphs (B) and (C) of subdivision (1) of subsection (c) of section 10-145b, by the
commencement of the school year following the school year in which such person held
such temporary certificate. The nonrenewable temporary certificate shall be valid for
one year from the date it is issued. Any board of education employing a person who holds
a nonrenewable temporary certificate issued pursuant to the provisions of subdivision
(2) of this subsection shall provide a program to assist each such person who has not
successfully completed the competency examination by January fifteenth of the school
year in which such certificate was issued. Said program, developed in consultation with
the Department of Education, shall include academic and classroom support service
components. Each such person who does not successfully complete said examination
by said January fifteenth shall participate in said program.
(d) Any person who is first issued a certificate valid after July 1, 1989, or who
is reissued a certificate after July 1, 1989, shall, except as otherwise provided in this
subsection, be required to achieve a satisfactory evaluation on a professional knowledge
clinical assessment not later than the end of the second year of teaching in a public
school if hired prior to January first or, if hired on or after January first, not later than
the end of the second full school year of teaching following the year in which such
person was hired in order to retain the certificate. The commissioner (1) may waive
the requirement that such satisfactory evaluation on a professional knowledge clinical
assessment be achieved upon a determination that such assessment is not valid for the
person's teaching assignment, or (2) upon a showing of good cause, may extend the time
limit for the assessment for a period of time not exceeding two years. The requirement of
a clinical assessment shall not apply to any such person who has completed at least three
years of successful teaching in a public school or a nonpublic school approved by the
appropriate state board of education during the ten years immediately preceding the
date of application or who successfully taught with a provisional teaching certificate
during the year immediately preceding an application for a provisional educator certificate as an employee of a local or regional board of education or facility approved for
special education by the State Board of Education. Notwithstanding the provisions of
this subsection, the State Board of Education may reissue an initial educator certificate
to a person who held such certificate and did not achieve a satisfactory evaluation on
a professional knowledge clinical assessment provided the person submits evidence
demonstrating significant intervening study and experience, in accordance with standards established by the State Board of Education.
(e) The board shall, by regulation, set all fees to be charged to each person who
applies to take the State Board of Education administered competency examination, the
subject area assessment or the professional knowledge clinical assessment, which shall
be not less than seventy-five dollars for the competency examination and subject area
assessment for the elementary level. Notwithstanding the provisions of this section to
the contrary, the Commissioner of Education may waive any fee under this section due
to a candidate's inability to pay.
(P.A. 85-532, S. 1, 2; P.A. 86-147, S. 1, 2; P.A. 87-464, S. 5, 8; 87-499, S. 9, 10, 34; P.A. 88-273, S. 3, 4, 8, 9; 88-360,
S. 19-21, 63; P.A. 89-137, S. 6-8, 13, 14; 89-251, S. 68, 203; P.A. 90-325, S. 2-5, 32; May Sp. Sess. P.A. 92-6, S. 3, 117;
P.A. 93-353, S. 19, 34, 52; P.A. 94-245, S. 4, 46; P.A. 95-259, S. 15, 32; P.A. 96-214, S. 9; 96-244, S. 13, 57, 63; P.A. 03-76, S. 13, 14; 03-174, S. 2.)
History: P.A. 86-147 in Subsec. (b) deleted reference to professional knowledge assessment, added testing requirements
for permanent and lapsed or revoked certificate holders and persons applying for additional certification endorsement and
set deadline for development of subject area assessment, added Subsec. (c) to provide for a nonrenewable temporary
certificate, added Subsec. (d) re professional knowledge clinical assessment, added Subsec. (e) which had been part of
Subsec. (b) and made other technical changes; P.A. 87-464 added Subdiv. and Subpara. designations in Subsec. (b) and
in Subsec. (c) provided for nonrenewable temporary certificates for graduates of out-of-state teacher preparation programs;
P.A. 87-499 in Subsec. (b) provided an exception to the testing requirements for applicants for certificates to teach skilled
trades and trade-related subjects and in Subsec. (d) deleted "provisional" and made the Subsec. apply to all certificate
holders, counted the ten years from the date of application rather than date of employment under provisional certificate,
substituted July for May and provided that the time limit for assessment may be extended by "one year" rather than by "not
more than one year"; P.A. 88-273 inserted new Subdiv. (3) of Subsec. (b) re standard certificates for and the reemployment of
holders of certain lapsed provisional certificates and re annual notification by state department of education of provisional
certificates which are to expire in the subsequent twelve months, and renumbered old Subdiv. (3) as Subdiv. (4), amended
Subsec. (c) to provide for the issuance of a nonrenewable temporary certificate pursuant to Subdiv. (2) for the 1988-1989
school year and in Subsec. (d) substituted July 1, 1989, for July 1, 1988; P.A. 88-360 in Subsec. (a) substituted "scores on all
components, in one administration of the" for "score on each component of any one" state reading, writing and mathematics
competency examination and made a technical change, in Subdiv. (1) of Subsec. (b) substituted "scores on all components,
in one administration, of the" for "score on each component of any one" state reading, writing and mathematics competency
examination and in Subdiv. (3) (now (4)) of Subsec. (b) substituted "subjects for which a bachelor's degree is not required"
for "skilled trades and trade-related subjects" and in Subsec. (e) substituted "all fees" for "a fee", specified that the competency examination be that administered by the state board of education, provided that the fees be at a level not to exceed
the administrative costs but need not be at a level to meet all such costs and added provisions re the competency examination
fee, registration fees and waivers of fees; P.A. 89-137 in Subdiv. (2) of Subsec. (b) substituted December 1, 1990, for May
1, 1990, as the date before which the state board of education shall complete the development of subject area assessments,
in Subdiv. (3) of Subsec. (b) added Subpara. (A) designation, deleted the provisions granting a standard certificate to
certain persons whose provisional certificates had lapsed and concerning the reemployment of such teachers and treatment
of the lapse period, specified the circumstances under which the commissioner of education may issue a new certificate
to a teacher whose certificate has lapsed, specified the circumstances under which the lapse period is not a break in
employment and is used for calculating continuous employment, required superintendents to notify teachers of the expiration of provisional certificates and added new Subpara. (B) re the granting of a provisional teaching certificate to certain
persons sixty-five years of age or older, in Subdiv. (4) of Subsec. (b) permitted the commissioner of education to waive the
competency examination requirement for applicants for certificates to teach skilled trades or trade-related or occupational
subjects, and in Subsec. (d) permitted the reissuance of an initial educator certificate to certain persons who did not achieve
a satisfactory evaluation on a professional knowledge clinical assessment; P.A. 89-251 set the fee for the competency
examination at not less than forty-eight dollars and increased the fee for retesting from ten dollars to twelve dollars; P.A.
90-325 in Subdiv. (1) of Subsec. (b) with an exception made the subdivision apply to any person who does not hold a valid
certificate and provided that a satisfactory evaluation on a subject area assessment not be required if the assessment has
not been approved by the state board of education, rather than if it has not been developed, in Subdiv. (2) of Subsec. (b)
provided that a satisfactory evaluation on a subject area assessment for eligibility for an additional endorsement not be
required if the assessment has not been approved by the state board of education, rather than if it has not been developed,
in Subsec. (c) removed the limitation that nonrenewable temporary certificates for graduates of out-of-state teacher preparation programs be issued only for certain years and in Subsec. (d) added Subdiv. (1) to allow the commissioner of education
to waive the requirement of a satisfactory evaluation on a professional knowledge clinical assessment if the assessment is
not valid for the person's teaching assignment and provided that the requirement not apply to certain persons who taught
with provisional teaching certificates; May Sp. Sess. P.A. 92-6 amended Subsec. (e) to provide the fee shall be not less
than seventy-five dollars for competency examination and subject area assessment for the elementary level and to delete
references to board discretion regarding assessment of fees; P.A. 93-353 amended Subsec. (a) to add provisions concerning
the Scholastic Aptitude Test scores or those of an equivalent test and amended Subdiv. (3) of Subsec. (b) to make the
Subdiv. applicable on and after July 1, 1992, to remove the requirement that the teacher have held the certificate "while
employed by a local or regional board of education or a facility approved for special education by the state board of
education or on authorized leave from such a board of education or facility", to divide Subpara. (A) into (A) and (B) and
to delete the existing Subpara. (B) which was obsolete, effective July 1, 1993; P.A. 94-245 amended Subsecs. (a) and (b)
to provide that on and after January 1, 1995, satisfactory scores in all components of competency examinations need not
be achieved in one administration and to substitute an examination administered "under the direction of" the board for an
examination administered "by" the board, effective June 2, 1994; P.A. 95-259 amended Subsecs. (a) and (b) to apply the
existing requirements to tests administered on or before March 31, 1995, and to add new requirements for tests administered
after said date, also in Subsec. (b) added the provisions dealing with non-English versions and amended Subsec. (c) to
change the time frame for the validity of nonrenewable temporary certificates, effective July 6, 1995; P.A. 96-214 amended
Subsec. (c) to add Subdiv. (3) re person hired by a charter school after July first in any school year; P.A. 96-244 amended
Subsec. (c)(3) to change the eligibility requirement for the temporary certificate for persons hired by a charter school and
amended Subsec. (d) to extend the time for achievement of a satisfactory evaluation on a professional knowledge clinical
assessment from within "one" to "two" years and made a technical change, effective July 1, 1996; P.A. 03-76 made technical
changes in Subsecs. (b)(3) and (c), effective June 3, 2003; P.A. 03-174 amended Subsec. (d) by differentiating between
teachers hired prior to January first and teachers hired on or after January first re timing of evaluation, substituting a two-year extension for a one-year extension in Subdiv. (2), and making a technical change, effective July 1, 2003.
See Sec. 4d-86 re state-wide standard for teacher and administrator competency in use of technology for instructional
purposes.
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Sec. 10-145g. Regulations. The State Board of Education shall adopt regulations,
in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, to govern the use and access of information concerning child abuse in reports received by the Commissioner of Education, or
his representative, pursuant to sections 17a-101b and 17a-101c.
(P.A. 92-76, S. 2; P.A. 96-246, S. 16.)
History: P.A. 96-246 changed reference to Sec. 17a-101 to Secs. 17a-101b and 17a-101c.
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Sec. 10-145h. Requirements for certification as a bilingual education teacher.
(a) On and after July 1, 1999, the State Board of Education shall require an applicant
for certification as a bilingual education teacher to demonstrate competency in English
and the other language of instruction as a condition of certification. Competency in
English shall be demonstrated by successful passage of the essential skills test approved
by the State Board of Education. Competency in the other language shall be demonstrated on an examination, if available, of comparable difficulty as specified by the
Department of Education. If such an examination is not available, competency shall be
demonstrated by an appropriate alternative method as specified by the department.
(b) On and after July 1, 2003, the State Board of Education shall require persons
seeking to become (1) elementary level bilingual education teachers to be certified in
elementary education and bilingual education and (2) secondary level bilingual education teachers to be certified in both the subject area they will teach and in bilingual
education. Such dual certification requirement may be met by earning a bachelor's degree in one field and meeting the requirements for an endorsement in the other field.
(c) On and after July 1, 2000, the State Board of Education shall require bilingual
education teachers holding provisional educator certificates to meet the requirements
of this subsection in order to qualify for a professional educator certificate to teach
bilingual education. (1) Such bilingual education teachers who teach on the elementary
level shall take fifteen credit hours in bilingual education and fifteen credit hours in
language arts, reading and mathematics. (2) Such bilingual education teachers who teach
on the middle or secondary level shall take fifteen credit hours in bilingual education
and fifteen credit hours in the subject matter that they teach. Such professional educator
certificate shall be valid for bilingual education and the grade level and content area of
preparation.
(d) (1) Notwithstanding subsection (a) of this section, for the period from July
1, 2005, to July 1, 2008, the State Board of Education shall require an applicant for
certification as a bilingual education teacher to demonstrate competency in English and
the other language of instruction as a condition of certification. Competency in English
shall be demonstrated by successful passage of the oral proficiency test in English and
an essential skills test approved by the State Board of Education. Oral and written competency in the other language shall be demonstrated by passage of an examination, if
available, of comparable difficulty as specified by the Department of Education. If such
an examination is not available, competency shall be demonstrated by an appropriate
alternative method as specified by the department.
(2) Notwithstanding subsection (b) of this section, for the period from July 1, 2005,
to July 1, 2008, the State Board of Education shall require persons seeking to become
(A) elementary level bilingual education teachers to be certified in (i) bilingual education
and achieve a satisfactory evaluation on the appropriate State Board of Education approved assessment for elementary education, or (ii) elementary education and have
completed six semester hours of credit in English as a second language course work as
approved by the State Board of Education, and (B) secondary level bilingual education
teachers to be certified in (i) bilingual education and achieve a satisfactory evaluation
on the appropriate State Board of Education approved subject area assessment, or (ii)
the subject area they will teach and have completed six semester hours of credit in
English as a second language course work as approved by the State Board of Education.
Such certificates shall be valid for subject-specific bilingual education. Certification in
elementary bilingual education shall be valid for grades kindergarten to eight, inclusive,
and certification in secondary subject-specific bilingual education shall be valid for
grades seven to twelve, inclusive.
(P.A. 99-211, S. 4, 10; P.A. 05-290, S. 1; P.A. 06-13, S. 5.)
History: P.A. 99-211 effective July 1, 1999; P.A. 05-245 added Subsec. (d) re certification from July 1, 2005, to July
1, 2008, effective July 1, 2005; P.A. 06-13 made a technical change in Subsec. (d)(1), effective May 2, 2006.
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Sec. 10-145i. Limitation on issuance and reissuance of certificates, authorizations or permits to certain individuals. Notwithstanding the provisions of sections
10-144o to 10-146b, inclusive, and 10-149, the State Board of Education shall not issue
or reissue any certificate, authorization or permit pursuant to said sections if (1) the
applicant for such certificate, authorization or permit has been convicted of any of the
following: (A) A capital felony, as defined in section 53a-54b; (B) arson murder, as
defined in section 53a-54d; (C) any class A felony; (D) any class B felony except a
violation of section 53a-122, 53a-252 or 53a-291; (E) a crime involving an act of child
abuse or neglect as described in section 46b-120; or (F) a violation of section 53-21,
53-37a, 53a-60b, 53a-60c, 53a-71, 53a-72a, 53a-72b, 53a-73a, 53a-88, 53a-99, 53a-103a, 53a-181c, 53a-191, 53a-196, 53a-196c, 53a-216, 53a-217b or 21a-278 or a violation of subsection (a) of section 21a-277, and (2) the applicant completed serving the
sentence for such conviction within the five years immediately preceding the date of
the application.
(P.A. 00-220, S. 41, 43; P.A. 01-173, S. 54, 67; P.A. 03-168, S. 5.)
History: P.A. 00-220 effective July 1, 2000; P.A. 01-173 amended Subdiv. (1) to redesignate Subpara. (E) as Subpara.
(F), add new Subpara. (E) re crime involving act of child abuse or neglect, expand the list of crimes in Subpara. (F), and
make technical changes, effective July 1, 2001; P.A. 03-168 added "authorization or permit", effective July 1, 2003.
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Sec. 10-145j. Employment of national corps of teachers' training program
graduates. (a) The Department of Education may permit qualified graduates of a national corps of teachers' training program, approved by the Commissioner of Education,
to be employed in public schools located in the towns of Bridgeport, Hartford and New
Haven.
(b) Such persons may only be employed in a position at the elementary or secondary
level where no certified teacher suitable to the position is available. Such persons shall
(1) be enrolled in a planned program leading to certification in the subject area they are
teaching, or enrolled in an approved alternate route to certification program or a program
with state approval pending and that meets the standards for an alternate route to certification program, and (2) have completed at least twelve semester hours of credit or have
passed the assessment approved by the State Board of Education in the subject area they
will teach. The State Board of Education may grant a durational shortage area permit,
endorsed consistent with this section, to a person who meets the qualifications for such
permit as modified by this section. In granting such permits, the board shall give priority
to addressing the needs of the schools operated by the boards of education for the towns
of Bridgeport, Hartford and New Haven, and then to the needs of state charter schools
located in such towns. Such permit shall be valid for one year and shall be renewable
once.
(P.A. 06-192, S. 3.)
History: P.A. 06-192 effective July 1, 2006.
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Sec. 10-146. Transferred to Sec. 10-145a.
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