December 21, 2006 |
2006-R-0807 | |
LIST OF UNCLASSIFIED CRIMES | ||
| ||
By: Christopher Reinhart, Senior Attorney | ||
You asked for a list of all the unclassified crimes in the statutes.
SUMMARY
Criminal offenses in Connecticut are classified in the penal code (Title 53a) as felonies, which are offenses punishable by imprisonment for more than one year, and misdemeanors, which are offenses punishable by imprisonment for not more than one year. In turn, felonies are classified according to severity as capital, class A, class B, class C, and class D. Misdemeanors are classified as class A, class B, and class C.
But there are also unclassified felonies and misdemeanors in other titles of the General Statutes which are offenses punishable by imprisonment but not designated under one of the above listed classes. Many of these crimes carry the same prison penalties as classified crimes but some do not. In addition, many have a different maximum fine than the maximum fines set for classified crimes.
Upon our request, the Judicial Branch sent us a list of all crimes and violations contained in their statute file database that have an associated penalty. We extracted from this list 1,663 crimes with incarceration as a penalty (see OLR report 2006-R-0749). From this list, we found 1,026 unclassified crimes. Of these, 262 are felonies because they are punishable by more than one year in prison and 764 are misdemeanors because they are punishable by not more than one year in prison.
The tables below show the penalties for classified crimes and list all of the unclassified crimes and their penalties.
PENALTIES FOR CLASSIFIED CRIMES
Terms of imprisonment in Connecticut must be for specific periods of time. Table 1 shows the range within which the judge must set the specific sentence for classified crimes. The judge also sets the exact amount of a fine, up to the established limits. A judge may impose a fine, a term of imprisonment, or both a fine and a term of imprisonment.
Table 1: Penalties for Classified Crimes
Classification |
Prison Term |
Maximum Fine |
Capital felony |
Execution or life in prison without release |
- |
Class A felony (murder) |
25 to 60 years |
$ 20,000 |
Class A felony |
10 to 25 years |
$ 20,000 |
Class B felony |
1 to 20 years |
$ 15,000 |
Class C felony |
1 to 10 years |
$ 10,000 |
Class D felony |
1 to 5 years |
$ 5,000 |
Class A misdemeanor |
Up to 1 year |
$ 2,000 |
Class B misdemeanor |
Up to six months |
$ 1,000 |
Class C misdemeanor |
Up to three months |
$ 500 |
In addition to the penalties contained in Table 1, certain crimes carry a mandatory minimum penalty and certain penalties may be enhanced for persistent offenders.
UNCLASSIFIED CRIMES AND THEIR PENALTIES
The following table shows Connecticut crimes that are unclassified and shows their statutory citation, whether their penalty makes them a felony or misdemeanor, and their maximum period of incarceration and maximum fine. Where applicable, we have also included the minimum period of incarceration and fine.
The list uses some abbreviations: (1) DEG=degree, (2) FLR=failure, (3) SBS OFF=subsequent offense, (4) V=victim, and (5) CSTR/UTL or C/U=construction or utility zone.
Table 2: Unclassified Crimes and Their Penalties*
Statute Number |
Type |
Class |
Name |
Jail Time |
Fine | ||||
MIN |
MAX |
MIN |
MAX | ||||||
21a-277(a) |
F |
U |
SALE HALLUCINOGEN/NARCOTIC (2ND OFF) |
0 |
Y |
30 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 100,000 |
21a-277(a) |
F |
U |
SALE HALLUCINOGEN /NARCOTIC (SBS OFF) |
0 |
Y |
30 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 250,000 |
21a-277(a) |
F |
U |
POSSESS W/INTENT (2ND OFF) |
0 |
Y |
30 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 100,000 |
21a-277(a) |
F |
U |
POSSESS W/INTENT (3RD OFF) |
0 |
Y |
30 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 250,000 |
21a-278(b) |
F |
U |
POSSESS W/INTENT (SBS OFF) |
10 |
Y |
25 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 0 |
21a-279(a) |
F |
U |
POSSESS NARCOTICS (SBS OFF) |
0 |
Y |
25 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 250,000 |
The crimes in the section below have maximum penalties of between 15 and 20 years. | |||||||||
21a-278(b) |
F |
U |
POSSESS W/INTENT TO SELL |
5 |
Y |
20 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 0 |
331333(b)(2) |
F |
U |
WILLFUL CERT FALSE FIN STATEMENT |
0 |
Y |
20 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 5,000,000 |
53-395 |
F |
U |
CORRUPT ORG & RACKETEERING ACT |
1 |
Y |
20 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 25,000 |
21a-277(a) |
F |
U |
SALE OF HALLUCINOGEN/NARCOTIC |
0 |
Y |
15 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 50,000 |
21a-277(a) |
F |
U |
POSSESS W/INTENT TO SELL/DSPNS |
0 |
Y |
15 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 50,000 |
21a-277(b) |
F |
U |
SALE CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE (SBS OFF) |
0 |
Y |
15 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 100,000 |
21a-277(b) |
F |
U |
POSSESS W/INTENT (SBS OFF) |
0 |
Y |
15 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 100,000 |
21a-279(a) |
F |
U |
POSSESS NARCOTICS (2ND OFF) |
0 |
Y |
15 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 100,000 |
22a-131a(d) |
F |
U |
HAZ WASTE VIOLATION-IMMINENT DANGER |
0 |
Y |
15 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 250,000 |
The crimes in the section below have maximum penalties of between six and 10 years. | |||||||||
12-308 |
F |
U |
FRAUDULENT CIGARETTE TAX STAMP |
1 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 5,000 |
14-224(a) |
F |
U |
EVADE RESP-DEATH/SERIOUS INJURY |
1 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
14-224(a) |
F |
U |
VIO 14-224(A)* - CSTR/UTL ZONE |
1 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 20,000 |
19a-32d(b) |
F |
U |
ILLEGAL CLONING/USE HUMAN EMBRYO |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 100,000 |
21a-255(b) |
F |
U |
FAIL TO KEEP RECORDS W/INTENT (SBS) |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
21a-277(c) |
F |
U |
OPERATE DRUG FACTORY (SBS OFF) |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
21a-279(b) |
F |
U |
POSS HALLUCINOGEN, MORE THAN 4OZ MARIJUANA (SBS OFF) |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 5,000 |
22a-131a(b) |
F |
U |
VIO PERMIT/ORDER REQS-HAZ WASTE (SBS) |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 100,000 |
22a-438(c) |
F |
U |
KNOWING VIOLATING WATER POLLUTION REQS (SBS OFF) |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 100,000 |
22a-438(e) |
F |
U |
DISCHARGE GASOLINE (SBS) |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 100,000 |
29-320 |
F |
U |
VIO FLAMMABLE LIQUID REGS-DEATH/INJ |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
29-322(a) |
F |
U |
OPER FLAMMABLE LIQUID VEH-DEATH/INJ |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
29-322(b) |
F |
U |
FAIL TO REPORT LIQUID LEAK-DEATH/INJ |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
29-331 |
F |
U |
VIO LIQUID GAS REGS-DEATH/INJURY |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
29-332(a) |
F |
U |
OPER LIQUID GAS VEH-DEATH/INJ |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
29-332(b) |
F |
U |
FAIL REPORT LIQUID GAS LEAK-DEATH/INJ |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
29-337 |
F |
U |
VIO HAZARDOUS CHEM REG-DEATH/INJ |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
29-337 |
F |
U |
VIO HAZARDOUS CHEM REG-MV-DEATH/INJ |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
29-339 |
F |
U |
VIO HAZARDARDOUS CHEM REG-DEATH/INJ |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
29-348 |
F |
U |
POSSESSION OF EXPLOSIVES |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
29-349(b) |
F |
U |
USE EXPLOSIVES WITHOUT PERMIT |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
29-349(c) |
F |
U |
STORE EXPLOSIVES WITHOUT PERMIT |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
29-349(d) |
F |
U |
PROCURE/TRANSPORT EXPLOSIVES |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
Table 2: -Continued-
Statute Number |
Type |
Class |
Name |
Jail Time |
Fine | ||||
29-357(b) |
F |
U |
VIO FIREWORKS PERMIT REQ-INJ/DEATH |
1 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
33-1333(b)(1) |
F |
U |
CERTIFY FALSE FINANCE STATEMENT |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 1,000,000 |
36b-4 |
F |
U |
FRAUD IN SALE OF SECURITIES |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
36b-5 |
F |
U |
ILLEGAL ACT BY INVESTMENT ADVISER |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
36b-28(a) |
F |
U |
VIOLATE UNIFORM SECURITIES ACT |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
36b-67(6) |
F |
U |
BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY INVEST FRAUD |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 25,000 |
53-202(c) |
F |
U |
USE MACHINE GUN-AGGRESSIVE PURPOSE |
5 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 1,000 |
53-247(e) |
F |
U |
KILLING PEACE OFFICER ANIMAL |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
54-33d |
F |
U |
INTERFERE WITH SEARCH-DEADLY WEAPON |
0 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
PA 06-60(b) |
F |
U |
ILLEGAL USE OF SCANNING DEVICE |
1 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
PA 06-60(c) |
F |
U |
ILLEGAL USE OF REENCODER |
1 |
Y |
10 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
21a-277(b) |
F |
U |
DISPENSE CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE |
0 |
Y |
7 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 25,000 |
21a-277(b) |
F |
U |
SALE OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE |
0 |
Y |
7 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 25,000 |
21a-277(b) |
F |
U |
POSSESS W/INTENT TO SELL |
0 |
Y |
7 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 25,000 |
21a-279(a) |
F |
U |
POSSESSION OF NARCOTICS |
0 |
Y |
7 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 50,000 |
12-652 |
F |
U |
POSSESS UNSTAMPED DRUG |
0 |
Y |
6 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
12-660 |
F |
U |
FAIL TO PAY MARIJUANA/DRUG TAX |
0 |
Y |
6 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 10,000 |
The crimes in the section below have maximum penalties of between 18 months and five years. | |||||||||
1-103 |
F |
U |
HINDER LEGISLATION BY THREAT |
0 |
Y |
5 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 1,000 |
4d-39(d) |
F |
U |
VIO NONDISCLOSURE REQS/DOIT CONTRACT |
1 |
Y |
5 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 5,000 |
7-64 |
F |
U |
VIO-DISPOSAL OF DEAD BODY |
0 |
Y |
5 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 500 |
7-66 |
F |
U |
VIO DUTIES OF SEXTON RE BURIAL |
0 |
Y |
5 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 500 |
9-264 |
F |
U |
ILLEGAL ACT-ASSIST DISABLED VOTER |
0 |
Y |
5 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 1,000 |
9-306 |
F |
U |
VIOLATE BALLOT LAWS |
0 |
Y |
5 |
Y |
$ 100 |
$ 1,000 |
9-333y |
F |
U |
VIOLATE CAMPAIGN FINANCING REQS |
0 |
Y |
5 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 5,000 |
9-352 |
F |
U |
TAMPERING BY ELECTION OFFICIAL |
0 |
Y |
5 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 1,000 |
9-353 |
F |
U |
FALSE RETURN BY ELECTION OFFICER |
0 |
Y |
5 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 1,000 |
9-354 |
F |
U |
IMPROPER PRINT OF BALLOT LABEL |
0 |
Y |
5 |
Y |
$ 100 |
$ 1,000 |
9-363 |
F |
U |
CIRCULATE MISLEADING INSTRUCTIONS |
0 |
Y |
5 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 500 |
10-390 |
F |
U |
ILL ACT-ARCHEOLOGICAL/SACRED SITE |
0 |
Y |
5 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 5,000 |
12-206(e) |
F |
U |
FRAUD-INS/HOSP/MED CORP TAX |
1 |
Y |
5 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 5,000 |
12-231(b) |
F |
U |
FRAUD-CORPORATION BUSINESS TAX |
1 |
Y |
5 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 5,000 |
12-268e(b) |
F |
U |
FRAUD-PUBLIC SERVICE COMPANY TAX |
1 |
Y |
5 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 5,000 |
12-304(b) |
F |
U |
AVOID TAX ON OVER 20,000 CIGARETTES |
1 |
Y |
5 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 5,000 |
12-306b(b) |
F |
U |
FRAUD-CIGARETTE TAXES |
1 |
Y |
5 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 5,000 |
12-321 |
F |
U |
FRAUD-CIGARETTE USE/STORAGE TAX |
1 |
Y |
5 |
Y |
$ 0 |
$ 5,000 |
12-330f(c) |
F |
U |
WILLFUL AVOIDANCE TOBACCO TAXES |
1 |
Y |
5 |
Y |
$ 0 |
|