Sec. 10-220a. In-service training. Professional development. Institutes for educators. Cooperating and beginning teacher programs, regulations. (a) Each local
or regional board of education shall provide an in-service training program for its teachers, administrators and pupil personnel who hold the initial educator, provisional educator or professional educator certificate. Such program shall provide such teachers, administrators and pupil personnel with information on (1) the nature and the relationship
of drugs, as defined in subdivision (17) of section 21a-240, and alcohol to health and
personality development, and procedures for discouraging their abuse, (2) health and
mental health risk reduction education which includes, but need not be limited to, the
prevention of risk-taking behavior by children and the relationship of such behavior to
substance abuse, pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV-infection and
AIDS, as defined in section 19a-581, violence, child abuse and youth suicide, (3) the
growth and development of exceptional children, including handicapped and gifted and
talented children and children who may require special education, including, but not
limited to, children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder or learning disabilities,
and methods for identifying, planning for and working effectively with special needs
children in a regular classroom, (4) school violence prevention and conflict resolution,
(5) cardiopulmonary resuscitation and other emergency life saving procedures, (6) computer and other information technology as applied to student learning and classroom
instruction, communications and data management, (7) the teaching of the language
arts, reading and reading readiness for teachers in grades kindergarten to three, inclusive,
and (8) second language acquisition in districts required to provide a program of bilingual education pursuant to section 10-17f. The State Board of Education, within available appropriations and utilizing available materials, shall assist and encourage local
and regional boards of education to include: (A) Holocaust education and awareness;
(B) the historical events surrounding the Great Famine in Ireland; (C) African-American
history; (D) Puerto Rican history; (E) Native American history; (F) personal financial
management; and (G) topics approved by the state board upon the request of local or
regional boards of education as part of in-service training programs pursuant to this
subsection.
(b) Not later than a date prescribed by the commissioner, each local and regional
board of education shall develop, with the advice and assistance of the teachers and
administrators employed by such boards, including representatives of the exclusive
bargaining representative of such teachers and administrators chosen pursuant to section
10-153b, and such other resources as the board deems appropriate, a comprehensive
professional development plan, to be implemented not later than the school year 1994-1995. Such plan shall be directly related to the educational goals prepared by the local
or regional board of education pursuant to subsection (b) of section 10-220, and shall
provide for the ongoing and systematic assessment and improvement of both teacher
evaluation and professional development of the professional staff members of each
such board, including personnel management and evaluation training or experience for
administrators, shall be related to regular and special student needs and may include
provisions concerning career incentives and parent involvement. The State Board of
Education shall develop guidelines to assist local and regional boards of education in
determining the objectives of the plans and in coordinating staff development activities
with student needs and school programs.
(c) The Department of Education, in cooperation with one or more regional educational service centers, is authorized to provide institutes annually for Connecticut educators. Such institutes shall serve as model programs of professional development and
shall be taught by exemplary Connecticut teachers and administrators and by other
qualified individuals as selected by the Department of Education. The Department of
Education shall charge fees for attending such institutes provided such fees shall be
based on the actual cost of such institutes.
(d) The Department of Education may fund, within available appropriations, in
cooperation with one or more regional educational service centers: (1) A cooperating
teacher program to train Connecticut public school teachers and certified teachers at
private special education facilities approved by the Commissioner of Education and at
other facilities designated by the commissioner, who participate in the supervision,
training and evaluation of student teachers; (2) institutes to provide continuing education
for Connecticut public school educators, assessors and cooperating teachers and teacher
mentors, including institutes to provide continuing education for Connecticut public
school educators offered in cooperation with the Connecticut Humanities Council; and
(3) a beginning teacher support and assessment program to train Connecticut public
school teachers and other qualified persons approved by the Commissioner of Education
and certified teachers at such private special education and other designated facilities
who serve as mentors or assessors for beginning teachers and who supervise, train and
assist or assess beginning teachers in their initial years in teaching and to pay stipends
to assessors. Funds available under this subsection shall be paid directly to school districts for the provision of substitute teachers when cooperating teachers, teacher mentors,
beginning teachers and assessors are released from regular classroom responsibilities
and for the provision of professional development activities for cooperating and student
teachers, teacher mentors, assessors and beginning teachers. The cooperating teacher
and beginning teacher support and assessment programs shall operate in accordance
with regulations which shall be adopted by the State Board of Education pursuant to
chapter 54. Student teachers shall be placed with trained cooperating teachers. Beginning teachers shall participate in a beginning teacher support and assessment program
as made available by the board. School districts shall be responsible for providing support to beginning teachers which shall include, but not be limited to, the placement of
beginning teachers with trained teacher mentors who may be full or part-time teachers
in the same or a different building than the beginning teacher and provision of trained
assessors to conduct assessments of beginning teachers. Cooperating teachers, teacher
mentors and assessors may serve concurrently in more than one capacity and may be
assigned more than one student teacher or beginning teacher in each such capacity.
The assessment of each beginning teacher shall be based upon, but not limited to, data
obtained from observations conducted by assessors using an assessment instrument. A
beginning teacher shall be assessed by educators with teaching experience in the same
general subject area as such beginning teacher. Cooperating teachers and teacher mentors who are Connecticut public school teachers and assessors who are employed by
school districts shall be selected by local and regional boards of education. Cooperating
teachers and teacher mentors and assessors at such private special education and other
designated facilities shall be selected by the authority responsible for the operation of
such facilities. If a board of education is unable to identify a sufficient number of individuals to serve in such positions, the commissioner may select qualified persons who are
not employed by the board of education to serve in such positions. Such regulations
shall require primary consideration of teachers' classroom experience and recognized
success as educators. The provisions of sections 10-153a to 10-153n, inclusive, shall
not be applicable to the selection, placement and compensation of persons participating
in the cooperating teacher and beginning teacher support and assessment programs pursuant to the provisions of this section and to the hours and duties of such persons. The
State Board of Education shall protect and save harmless, in accordance with the provisions of section 10-235, any cooperating teacher, teacher mentor or assessor while serving in such capacity.
(P.A. 73-632, S. 4, 5; P.A. 75-211, S. 2; P.A. 78-218, S. 144; P.A. 82-75, S. 1, 2; P.A. 84-314, S. 1, 2; P.A. 85-377, S.
6, 13; May Sp. Sess. P.A. 86-1, S. 10, 58; P.A. 87-352, S. 1, 2; 87-499, S. 13, 29, 34; P.A. 88-96, S. 1, 2; 88-273, S. 5, 6,
9; 88-360, S. 24, 63; P.A. 89-137, S. 10, 14; 89-168, S. 4; P.A. 90-324, S. 10, 11, 13; 90-325, S. 7, 32; P.A. 91-220, S. 7,
8; 91-264, S. 1, 2; 91-303, S. 19, 22; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 91-7, S. 9, 22; P.A. 93-23; 93-353, S. 29, 52; P.A. 94-221, S. 5;
P.A. 95-101, S. 2; 95-182, S. 7, 11; 95-259, S. 21, 32; P.A. 96-244, S. 53, 63; P.A. 97-45, S. 2; 97-61, S. 2; P.A. 98-243,
S. 20, 25; P.A. 00-220, S. 10, 43; P.A. 03-76, S. 16; 03-174, S. 3; 03-211, S. 6; P.A 04-227, S. 1.)
History: P.A. 75-211 included instruction re alcohol and its effects in in-service training programs and health education
programs; P.A. 78-218 specified applicability of provisions to local and regional boards in Subsecs. (a) and (b), deleted
phrase "of every school district" and deleted September 1, 1974, deadline for establishment of programs in said Subsecs.
and deleted Subsec. (c) re policy statements on procedures to deal with drug sales or use; P.A. 82-75 deleted Subsec. (b)
which had required development of an ongoing program on drug and alcohol abuse repealed, but see sections 10-16b and
10-19; P.A. 84-314 added new Subsecs. (b) and (c) re development of plans to provide for the ongoing and systematic
professional development of the professional staff members of boards of education and annual institutes to be held by the
state department of education; P.A. 85-377 substituted commissioner of education for state board; May Sp. Sess. P.A. 86-1 added Subsec. (d) re cooperating teacher program and institutes and beginning teacher program; P.A. 87-352 included
certified teachers at approved private special education facilities in the cooperating teacher and teacher mentor programs
and made a technical change in Subsec. (d); P.A. 87-499 in Subsec. (c) provided that the institutes be provided in cooperation
with one or more regional educational service centers and amended Subsec. (d) to provide that funding be in cooperation
with one or more regional educational service centers and that the programs pay stipends that institutes be for teacher
mentors in Subdiv. (2) and made technical changes; P.A. 88-96 added a reference to the Connecticut Humanities Council
in Subsec. (d); P.A. 88-273 in Subsec. (d) added "who are Connecticut public school teachers" and provided that after July
1, 1989, the cooperating teacher and beginning teacher programs operate in accordance with regulations, that for the fiscal
year ending June 30, 1989, selection of teachers be made pursuant to Subsec. (e) added by the same act rather than based
on state guidelines, that all provisions concerning teacher negotiation law, Secs. 10-153a to 10-153n, inclusive, not apply
to certain aspects of participation in the program and that the state board of education protect and save harmless certain
persons and added Subsec. (e) re cooperating teacher and teacher mentor selection, placement and compensation for the
fiscal years up to and including the fiscal year ending June 30, 1989; P.A. 88-360 in Subdiv. (2) of Subsec. (d) added that
the institutes be for Connecticut public school teachers, in Subdiv. (3) of Subsec. (d) added that the beginning teacher
program be for "other qualified persons approved by the commissioner of education" and that it be for persons who serve
as assessors for beginning teachers and provided for the selection of qualified persons by the commissioner of education
and made a technical change; P.A. 89-137 in Subsec. (d) provided that the Connecticut Humanities Council cooperate in
offering continuing education institutes and not in offering the cooperating teacher program and the beginning teacher
support and assessment program, substituted "educators" for "teachers" as persons for whom continuing education institutes
are to be provided and provided that funds available under the subsection be paid directly to school districts for specified
purposes; P.A. 89-168 changed the name from "standard" certificate to "professional educator" certificate and added a
new Subdiv. (2) which includes information on health and mental issues affecting children, including child abuse and
youth suicide as component of in-service training program; P.A. 90-324 in Subsec. (a) substituted "pupil personnel" for
"guidance personnel", added "educator" after "initial" and "provisional" and required the commissioner of education rather
than the state board of education to approve the program and in Subsec. (b) added administrators and their bargaining
representatives as persons who may advise boards of education on the development of five-year plans and added that such
plans may include provisions concerning career incentives and parent involvement in Subdiv. (1) and added new Subdiv.
(2) re comprehensive professional development plans; P.A. 90-325 in Subsec. (a) added Subdiv. (3) re the providing of
information as to the growth and development of exceptional children, in Subsec. (d) provided that certain private special
education facilities be approved by the commissioner of education, rather than the state board of education, that teachers
at facilities designated by the commissioner be able to participate in the cooperating teacher and beginning teacher support
and assessment programs and added that the institutes in Subdiv. (2) be for assessors and that funds available under the
subsection are for professional development activities for assessors, deleted Subsec. (e) re cooperating teachers and teacher
mentors and made technical changes; P.A. 91-220 replaced requirement that program be approved by the commissioner
with requirement that it be submitted to the commissioner in Subsec. (a); P.A. 91-264 in Subsec. (c) added language
concerning the charging of fees; P.A. 91-303 in Subsec. (b)(2) added provision for submission of a plan on and after April
1, 1994, and provided for revision of plans every five years rather than every three years; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 91-7 amended
Subsec. (d) to remove provision for stipends for teachers who train student teachers and for mentors, added specific
requirements pertaining to beginning teacher support and assessment programs and added provision regarding different
requirements than those specified in regulations for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1992; P.A. 93-23 amended Subsec. (a)
to add risk reduction education language; P.A. 93-353 amended Subdiv. (2) of Subsec. (b) to delete requirement that the
plan be developed by April 1, 1991, and substituted "a date prescribed by the commissioner" and that the plan be a three-year plan and that it be submitted to the commissioner of education, changed the date for implementation of the plan and
removed language on the development and submission of another plan by April 1, 1994, added requirement that the plan
be directly related to the educational goals prepared by the local or regional board and removed requirement that the local
or regional board review and revise its plan every five years and submit it to the commissioner, effective July 1, 1993;
P.A. 94-221 amended Subsec. (a) to add Subdiv. (4) re school violence prevention and conflict resolution; P.A. 95-101
amended Subsec. (a) to add provision concerning Holocaust education and awareness; P.A. 95-182 amended Subsec. (b)
to remove former Subdiv. (1) re development of five-year professional development plans, deleting Subdiv. (2) designator,
effective June 28, 1995; P.A. 95-259 amended Subsec. (a) to add Subdiv. (5) re cardiopulmonary resuscitation, effective
July 6, 1995; P.A. 96-244 amended Subsec. (a) to add Subdiv. (6) re computer and other information technology, effective
June 6, 1996; P.A. 97-45 amended Subsec. (a) to add provision concerning the Great Famine in Ireland; P.A. 97-61 amended
Subsec. (a) to expand the list of topics for in-service training programs by adding African-American history, Puerto Rican
history, Native American history, personal financial management and topics approved by the State Board of Education at
the request of local or regional boards of education; P.A. 98-243 amended Subsec. (a) to add Subdiv. (7) re teaching of
language arts, reading and reading readiness, effective July 1, 1998; P.A. 00-220 amended Subsec. (a) to remove a requirement to submit the program to the Commissioner of Education, effective July 1, 2000; P.A. 03-76 made technical changes
in Subsecs. (c) and (d), effective June 3, 2003; P.A. 03-174 amended Subsec. (d) by deleting provision allowing for less
than six observations, substituting provisions requiring assessment by educators with teaching experience in same field
for provision not requiring assessment by teacher with certification endorsement in same field and making a technical
change, effective July 1, 2003; P.A. 03-211 amended Subsec. (a)(3) by including children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder or learning disabilities, effective July 1, 2003; P.A. 04-227 amended Subsec. (a) by adding Subdiv. (8) re
second language acquisition, effective July 1, 2004.
See Sec. 10-373aa re Connecticut Humanities Council.
Sec. 10-220b. Policy statement on drugs. Section 10-220b is repealed.
(P.A. 78-218, S. 145; P.A. 87-499, S. 33, 34.)
See Sec. 10-221(d) re policies and procedures re alcohol and controlled drugs.
Sec. 10-220c. Transportation of children over private roads. Immunity from
liability. (a) Each town, or local or regional board of education may when providing
for the transportation of children to and from school or school activities, in accordance
with the provisions of sections 10-47 or 10-220, authorize the operator of any vehicle
owned, leased or hired by or operated under contract with such town, local or regional
board of education to travel on any private road, provided the owner or owners thereof
consent to such travel and such roads have been constructed and are maintained in
accordance with the standards for the construction and maintenance of similar roads of
the municipality wherein such private road lies, as determined by the chief executive
officer of such municipality or his designee.
(b) No town, or local or regional board of education or member thereof nor the
school bus owner or operator authorized thereby shall be liable to any person for personal
injuries received while being transported to or from school or school activities on a
private road in accordance with the provisions of subsection (a) of this section, provided
the proximate cause of such injuries was the negligent construction or maintenance of
such private road.
(P.A. 78-201.)
Cited. 239 C. 769.
Sec. 10-220d. Student recruitment by regional and interdistrict specialized
schools and programs. Recruitment of athletes prohibited. Each local and regional
board of education shall provide full access to regional vocational-technical schools,
regional vocational agriculture centers, interdistrict magnet schools, charter schools and
interdistrict student attendance programs for the recruitment of students attending the
schools under the board's jurisdiction, provided such recruitment is not for the purpose
of interscholastic athletic competition.
(P.A. 97-39, S. 1; P.A. 98-252, S. 70, 80; P.A. 01-173, S. 20, 67.)
History: P.A. 98-252 substituted requirement for full access for requirement to provide an opportunity for recruitment,
effective July 1, 1998; P.A. 01-173 made a technical change, effective July 1, 2001.
Sec. 10-220e. Foster children count. Section 10-220e is repealed, effective July
1, 2000.
(P.A. 98-252, S. 66, 80; P.A. 00-220, S. 42, 43.)
Sec. 10-220f. Safety committee. Each local and regional board of education may
establish a school district safety committee to increase staff and student awareness of
safety and health issues and to review the adequacy of emergency response procedures
at each school. Parents and high school students shall be included in the membership
of such committees.
(P.A. 98-252, S. 67, 80.)
History: P.A. 98-252 effective July 1, 1998.
See Sec. 10-231f re authority of safety committees to address indoor air quality issues.
Sec. 10-220g. Policy on weighted grading for honors and advanced placement
classes. Each local and regional board of education shall establish a written policy concerning weighted grading for honors and advanced placement classes. The policy shall
provide that parents and students are advised whether a grade in an honors class or an
advanced placement class is or is not given added weight for purposes of calculating
grade point average and determining class rank.
(P.A. 99-81.)
Sec. 10-220h. Transfer of student records. When a student enrolls in a school in
a new school district, the new school district shall provide written notification of such
enrollment to the school district in which the student previously attended school. The
school district in which the student previously attended school (1) shall transfer the
student's education records to the new school district no later than ten days after receipt
of such notification, and (2) if the student's parent or guardian did not give written
authorization for the transfer of such records, shall send notification of the transfer to
the parent or guardian at the same time that it transfers the records.
(P.A. 00-220, S. 1, 43.)
History: P.A. 00-220 effective July 1, 2000.
Sec. 10-220i. Transportation of students carrying cartridge injectors. No local
or regional board of education shall deny a student access to school transportation solely
due to such student's need to carry a cartridge injector while traveling on a vehicle used
for school transportation. For purposes of this section, "cartridge injector" means an
automatic prefilled cartridge injector or similar automatic injectable equipment used
to deliver epinephrine in a standard dose for emergency first aid response to allergic
reactions.
(P.A. 03-211, S. 1.)
History: P.A. 03-211 effective July 1, 2003.
Sec. 10-220j. Blood glucose self-testing by children. Guidelines. (a) No local or
regional board of education may prohibit blood glucose self-testing by children with
diabetes who have a written order from a physician or an advanced practice registered
nurse stating the need and the capability of such child to conduct self-testing.
(b) The Commissioner of Education, in consultation with the Commissioner of Public Health, shall develop guidelines for policies and practices with respect to blood
glucose self-testing by children pursuant to subsection (a) of this section. Such guidelines
shall not be construed as regulations within the scope of chapter 54.
(P.A. 03-211, S. 7.)
History: P.A. 03-211 effective July 1, 2003.
Sec. 10-221. Boards of education to prescribe rules, policies and procedures.
(a) Boards of education shall prescribe rules for the management, studies, classification
and discipline of the public schools and, subject to the control of the State Board of
Education, the textbooks to be used; shall make rules for the control, within their respective jurisdictions, of school library media centers and approve the selection of books
and other educational media therefor, and shall approve plans for public school buildings
and superintend any high or graded school in the manner specified in this title.
(b) Not later than July 1, 1985, each local and regional board of education shall
develop, adopt and implement written policies concerning homework, attendance, promotion and retention. The Department of Education shall make available model policies
and guidelines to assist local and regional boards of education in meeting the responsibilities enumerated in this subsection.
(c) Boards of education may prescribe rules to impose sanctions against pupils who
damage or fail to return textbooks, library materials or other educational materials. Said
boards may charge pupils for such damaged or lost textbooks, library materials or other
educational materials and may withhold grades, transcripts or report cards until the pupil
pays for or returns the textbook, library book or other educational material.
(d) Not later than July 1, 1991, each local and regional board of education shall
develop, adopt and implement policies and procedures in conformity with section 10-154a for (1) dealing with the use, sale or possession of alcohol or controlled drugs, as
defined in subsection (8) of section 21a-240, by public school students on school property, including a process for coordination with, and referral of such students to, appropriate agencies and (2) cooperating with law enforcement officials.
(e) Not later than July 1, 1990, each local and regional board of education shall
adopt a written policy and procedures for dealing with youth suicide prevention and
youth suicide attempts. Each such board of education may establish a student assistance
program to identify risk factors for youth suicide, procedures to intervene with such
youth, referral services and training for teachers and other school professionals and
students who provide assistance in the program.
(f) Not later than September 1, 1998, each local and regional board of education
shall develop, adopt and implement written policies and procedures to encourage parent-teacher communication. These policies and procedures may include monthly newsletters, required regular contact with all parents, flexible parent-teacher conferences, drop-in hours for parents, home visits and the use of technology such as homework hot lines
to allow parents to check on their children's assignments and students to get assistance
if needed.
(1949 Rev., S. 1479; P.A. 78-218, S. 146; P.A. 80-32, S. 2, 3; P.A. 81-257, S. 3, 10; P.A. 82-137, S. 1, 2; P.A. 84-275,
S. 1, 2; P.A. 87-499, S. 14, 34; P.A. 89-168, S. 2; P.A. 90-133, S. 2; P.A. 97-290, S. 14, 29; P.A. 03-76, S. 17.)
History: P.A. 78-218 substituted "public school buildings" for "schoolhouses"; P.A. 80-32 substituted "library media
centers" for "libraries" and included reference to "other educational media" to reflect increased scope of libraries; P.A.
81-257 added Subsec. (b) authorizing boards to prescribe rules to impose sanctions against pupils who damage or fail to
return textbooks and library and other educational materials; P.A. 82-137 made permissive rather than mandatory the
adoption of rules to impose sanctions against pupils who fail to return or damage textbooks; P.A. 84-275 added new Subsec.
(b) re written policies concerning homework, attendance, promotion and retention, relettering former Subsec. (b) as Subsec.
(c); P.A. 87-499 added new Subsec. (d) concerning policies and procedures re alcohol and controlled drugs; P.A. 89-168
added Subsec. (e) requiring each local and regional board of education to adopt a written policy and procedures for
dealing with youth suicide prevention and youth suicide attempts; P.A. 90-133 in Subsec. (d) extended the deadline for
the implementation of policies and procedures from July 1, 1988, to July 1, 1991, and added that the procedures include
a process for coordination with appropriate agencies; P.A. 97-290 added Subsec. (f) re parent-teacher communication,
effective July 1, 1997; P.A. 03-76 made a technical change in Subsec. (b), effective June 3, 2003.
Cited. 152 C. 148-150. Effect of teacher negotiation act on educational policy. 162 C. 577. Cited. 193 C. 93, 97, 98.
Cited. 218 C. 1, 6.
Board of education is agent of the state and not of the town in maintenance and management of public schools. 19 CS
158. Cited. 29 CS 397. Cited. 30 CS 63. Cited. 35 CS 55, 58.
Subsec. (a):
Cited. 218 C. 1, 6.
Subsec. (b):
Cited. 218 C. 1, 6.
Sec. 10-221a. High school graduation requirements. Diplomas for veterans of
World War II. (a) For classes graduating from 1988 to 2003, inclusive, no local or
regional board of education shall permit any student to graduate from high school or
grant a diploma to any student who has not satisfactorily completed a minimum of
twenty credits, not fewer than four of which shall be in English, not fewer than three in
mathematics, not fewer than three in social studies, not fewer than two in science, not
fewer than one in the arts or vocational education and not fewer than one in physical
education.
(b) Commencing with classes graduating in 2004, and for each graduating class
thereafter, no local or regional board of education shall permit any student to graduate
from high school or grant a diploma to any student who has not satisfactorily completed
a minimum of twenty credits, not fewer than four of which shall be in English, not fewer
than three in mathematics, not fewer than three in social studies, including at least a one-half credit course on civics and American government, not fewer than two in science, not
fewer than one in the arts or vocational education and not fewer than one in physical
education.
(c) Any student who presents a certificate from a physician stating that, in the opinion of the physician, participation in physical education is medically contraindicated
because of the physical condition of such student, shall be excused from the physical
education requirement, provided the credit for physical education may be fulfilled by
an elective.
(d) Determination of eligible credits shall be at the discretion of the local or regional
board of education, provided the primary focus of the curriculum of eligible credits
corresponds directly to the subject matter of the specified course requirements. The
local or regional board of education may permit a student to graduate during a period
of expulsion pursuant to section 10-233d, if the board determines the student has satisfactorily completed the necessary credits pursuant to this section. The requirements of this
section shall apply to any student requiring special education pursuant to section 10-76a, except when the planning and placement team for such student determines the
requirement not to be appropriate. For purposes of this section, a credit shall consist of
not less than the equivalent of a forty-minute class period for each school day of a school
year except for a credit or part of a credit toward high school graduation earned at an
institution accredited by the Department of Higher Education or regionally accredited.
(e) Only courses taken in grades nine through twelve, inclusive, shall satisfy this
graduation requirement, except that a local or regional board of education may grant a
student credit (1) toward meeting a specified course requirement upon the successful
completion in grade seven or eight of any course, the primary focus of which corresponds
directly to the subject matter of a specified course requirement in grades nine to twelve,
inclusive; or (2) toward meeting the high school graduation requirement upon the successful completion of coursework at an institution accredited by the Department of
Higher Education or regionally accredited. One three-credit semester course, or its
equivalent, at such an institution shall equal one-half credit for purposes of this section.
(f) A local or regional board of education may offer one-half credit in community
service which, if satisfactorily completed, shall qualify for high school graduation credit
pursuant to this section, provided such community service is supervised by a certified
school administrator or teacher and consists of not less than fifty hours of actual service
that may be performed at times when school is not regularly in session and not less than
ten hours of related classroom instruction. For purposes of this section, community
service does not include partisan political activities. The State Board of Education shall
assist local and regional boards of education in meeting the requirements of this section.
(g) A local or regional board of education may award a diploma to a veteran of
World War II, pursuant to section 27-103, who left high school prior to graduation in
order to serve in the armed forces of the United States and did not receive a diploma as
a consequence of such service.
(P.A. 83-282; P.A. 84-297, S. 1, 2; P.A. 85-96, S. 1, 2; 85-613, S. 120, 154; P.A. 86-333, S. 12, 32; P.A. 88-136, S. 11,
37; P.A. 93-111, S. 1, 2; P.A. 95-182, S. 8, 11; P.A. 96-26, S. 3, 4; P.A. 00-124, S. 1, 2; 00-156; 00-187, S. 69, 75.)
History: P.A. 84-297 amended Subsec. (a) to establish a state-wide twenty credit requirement for graduation effective
for classes graduating in 1988 and thereafter; to state the minimum number of credits to be earned in English, mathematics,
social studies, science, the arts or vocational education and physical education and to allow the local or regional board of
education to determine what is an eligible credit for purposes of fulfilling the requirement; P.A. 85-96 amended Subsec.
(a) to permit an exception to the course requirement for graduation, allowing local or regional boards to grant a student
credit toward a specified course requirement upon the successful completion in grade seven or eight of any course, the
primary focus of which corresponds directly to the subject matter of a specified course requirement in grades nine to twelve,
but specifying that students must complete at least twenty credits in grades nine to twelve, notwithstanding the grant of
such credit; P.A. 85-613 made technical change; P.A. 86-333 made provision in Subsec. (a) for credit for coursework
earned at institutions of higher education to satisfy high school graduation requirements; P.A. 88-136 deleted obsolete
provisions in Subsec. (a) re students graduating in 1987; P.A. 93-111 amended Subsec. (a) to add provisions on community
service, effective July 1, 1993; P.A. 95-182 deleted former Subsec. (b) concerning report to the General Assembly on
graduation requirements, effective June 28, 1995; P.A. 96-26 added provision allowing expelled students to graduate if they
have completed the necessary credits and deleted provision requiring that twenty credits toward graduation be completed in
grades nine through twelve, effective July 1, 1996; P.A. 00-124 added new provision, designated as Subsec. (g), re diplomas
for veterans of World War II, effective May 29, 2000; P.A. 00-156, effective October 1, 2000, and 00-187, effective July
1, 2000, both divided the existing section into Subsecs., adding new provisions as Subsec. (b) to require that classes
graduating in 2004 and thereafter have at least one-half credit in civics and American government.
See 10-16b re prescribed courses of study.
Cited. 195 C. 24, 42. Cited. 238 C. 1.
Sec. 10-221b. Boards of education to establish written uniform policy re treatment of recruiters. Notwithstanding any other provision of law to the contrary, all
public high schools and any private high school which receives state funds shall, subject
to the provisions of subdivision (11) of subsection (b) of section 1-210, provide the
same directory information and on-campus recruiting opportunities to representatives
of the armed forces of the United States of America and state armed services as are
offered to nonmilitary recruiters or commercial concerns. Local and regional boards of
education and the governing board of any such private high school shall establish a
written uniform policy for the treatment of all recruiters, including commercial, nonmilitary and military concerns and recruiters representing institutions of higher education.
(P.A. 84-87, S. 1, 7.)
Sec. 10-221c. Development of policy for reporting complaints re school transportation safety. Reporting of accidents at school bus stops. (a) The superintendent
of schools of each local or regional school district and the supervisory agent of each
nonpublic school shall develop and implement a policy for the reporting of all complaints
relative to school transportation safety, and shall cause to be maintained a written record
of all such complaints received. Each such superintendent of schools and each such
supervisory agent shall, annually, within thirty days after the end of the school year,
provide the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles with a copy of the written record of complaints received for the previous twelve-month period.
(b) The superintendent of schools of each local or regional school district and the
supervisory agent of each nonpublic school shall make a written report of the circumstances of any accident within his jurisdiction and knowledge, involving a motor vehicle
and any pedestrian who is a student, which occurs at a designated school bus stop or in
the immediate vicinity thereof, to the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles within ten days
thereafter on a form prescribed by the commissioner.
(P.A. 89-320, S. 9, 12; P.A. 90-112, S. 8, 14.)
History: P.A. 90-112 added Subsec. (b), requiring superintendent and supervisory agent to make written report of
circumstances of accidents involving motor vehicles and student pedestrians at or near bus stops to motor vehicles commissioner.
See Sec. 14-275 et seq. re Motor Vehicles Commissioner's powers and duties re school buses.
Sec. 10-221d. Criminal history records checks of school personnel. Fingerprinting. Termination or dismissal. (a) On and after July 1, 1994, each local and
regional board of education shall (1) require each applicant for a position in a public
school to state whether such person has ever been convicted of a crime or whether
criminal charges are pending against such person at the time of such person's application,
(2) require, subject to the provisions of subsection (d) of this section, each person hired
by the board after July 1, 1994, to submit to state and national criminal history records
checks within thirty days from the date of employment and may require, subject to the
provisions of subsection (d) of this section, any person hired prior to said date to submit
to state and national criminal history records checks, and (3) require each worker (A)
placed within a school under a public assistance employment program, or (B) employed
by a provider of supplemental services pursuant to the No Child Left Behind Act, P.L.
107-110, who performs a service involving direct student contact to submit to state and
national criminal history records checks within thirty days from the date such worker
begins to perform such service. The criminal history records checks required by this
subsection shall be conducted in accordance with section 29-17a. If the local or regional
board of education receives notice of a conviction of a crime which has not previously
been disclosed by such person to the board, the board may (i) terminate the contract of
a certified employee, in accordance with the provisions of section 10-151, and (ii) dismiss a noncertified employee provided such employee is notified of the reason for such
dismissal, is provided the opportunity to file with the board, in writing, any proper
answer to such criminal conviction and a copy of the notice of such criminal conviction,
the answer and the dismissal order are made a part of the records of the board. In addition,
if the local or regional board of education receives notice of a conviction of a crime by
a person holding a certificate, authorization or permit issued by the State Board of
Education or employed by a provider of supplemental services, the local or regional
board of education shall send such notice to the State Board of Education. The supervisory agent of a private school may require any applicant for a position in such school
or any employee of such school to submit to state and national criminal history records
checks in accordance with the procedures described in this subsection.
(b) If a local or regional board of education, endowed or incorporated academy
approved by the State Board of Education pursuant to section 10-34, or special education
facility approved by the State Board of Education pursuant to section 10-76d requests,
a regional educational service center shall arrange for the fingerprinting of any person
required to submit to state and national criminal history records checks pursuant to this
section or for conducting any other method of positive identification required by the
State Police Bureau of Identification or the Federal Bureau of Investigation and shall
forward such fingerprints or other positive identifying information to the State Police
Bureau of Identification which shall conduct criminal history records checks in accordance with section 29-17a. Such regional educational service centers shall provide the
results of such checks to such local or regional board of education, endowed or incorporated academy or special education facility. Such regional educational service centers
shall provide such results to any other local or regional board of education or regional
educational service center upon the request of such person.
(c) State and national criminal history records checks for substitute teachers completed within one year prior to the date of employment with a local or regional board
of education and submitted to the employing board of education shall meet the requirements of subdivision (2) of subsection (a) of this section. A local or regional board of
education shall not require substitute teachers to submit to state and national criminal
history records checks pursuant to subdivision (2) of subsection (a) of this section if they
are continuously employed by such local or regional board of education. For purposes of
this section, substitute teachers shall be deemed to be continuously employed by a local
or regional board of education if they are employed at least one day of each school year
by such local or regional board of education.
(d) (1) The provisions of this section shall not apply to a person required to submit
to a criminal history records check pursuant to the provisions of subsection (d) of section
14-44.
(2) The provisions of this section shall not apply to a student employed by the local
or regional school district in which the student attends school.
(3) The provisions of subsection (a) of this section requiring state and national criminal history records checks shall, at the discretion of a local or regional board of education,
apply to a person employed by a local or regional board of education as a teacher for a
noncredit adult class or adult education activity, as defined in section 10-67, who is not
required to hold a teaching certificate pursuant to section 10-145b for his or her position.
(e) The State Board of Education shall submit, periodically, a database of applicants
for an initial issuance of certificate, authorization or permit pursuant to sections 10-144o to 10-149, inclusive, to the State Police Bureau of Identification. The State Police
Bureau of Identification shall conduct a state criminal history records check against
such database and notify the State Board of Education of any such applicant who has a
criminal conviction. The State Board of Education shall not issue a certificate, authorization or permit until it receives and evaluates the results of such check and may deny an
application in accordance with the provisions of subsection (m) of section 10-145b.
(f) The State Board of Education shall submit, periodically, a database of all persons
who hold certificates, authorizations or permits to the State Police Bureau of Identification. The State Police Bureau of Identification shall conduct a state criminal history
records check against such database and shall notify the State Board of Education of
any such person who has a criminal conviction. The State Board of Education may
revoke the certificate, authorization or permit of such person in accordance with the
provisions of subsection (m) of section 10-145b.
(P.A. 93-328; P.A. 94-221, S. 7; P.A. 95-259, S. 16, 32; P.A. 98-252, S. 15, 80; P.A. 01-173, S. 55, 67; 01-175, S. 2;
June 30 Sp. Sess. P.A. 03-6, S. 19; P.A. 04-181, S. 3.)
History: P.A. 94-221 amended Subsec. (a) to allow local and regional boards of education to require criminal history
records checks of persons hired prior to July 1, 1994, and to allow private schools to require such checks of applicants for
positions in such schools and employees of such schools; P.A. 95-259 amended Subsec. (a) to add references to Subsec.
(d) and to regional educational service centers, designated existing Subsec. (b) as Subsec. (d), inserting new Subsec. (b)
re regional educational service centers and Subsec. (c) re substitute teachers and amended Subsec. (d), formerly Subsec.
(b), to add provision concerning teachers of adult classes or activities, effective July 6, 1995; P.A. 98-252 amended Subsec.
(b) to allow the service center to provide the results to other boards of education upon the request of the person fingerprinted,
effective July 1, 1998; P.A. 01-173 amended Subsec. (a) to substitute thirty for ninety days from date of employment for
records checks, to add Subdiv. (3) re workers under public assistance employment programs, and to require boards of
education to send notices of convictions to the State Board of Education, amended Subsec. (c) to make a technical change,
amended Subsec. (d) by designating existing provisions as Subdivs. (1) and (3), adding Subdiv. (2) re employed students
and making a technical change for purposes of gender neutrality in Subdiv. (3), and added Subsecs. (e) and (f) re submission
of data bases to the State Police Bureau of Identification, effective July 1, 2001; P.A. 01-175 made technical changes for
purposes of gender neutrality in Subsecs. (a), (b) and (d), amended Subsec. (a) by replacing language re Subsec. (b) state
criminal history checks, fingerprinting and charging of fee for national criminal history records checks with language re
state and national criminal history checks pursuant to Sec. 29-17a, and amended Subsec. (b) by replacing language re
fingerprinting pursuant to Subsec. (a) with language re fingerprinting and criminal history records checks pursuant to Sec.
29-17a; June 30 Sp. Sess. P.A. 03-6 amended Subsec. (a) to designate existing provision re worker placed under public
assistance employment program as Subpara. (A) and add Subpara. (B) re providers of supplemental services in Subdiv.
(3), to redesignate existing Subparas. (A) and (B) as Clauses (i) and (ii) and to add requirement that the State Board of
Education be notified of criminal convictions of providers of supplemental services, effective August 20, 2003; P.A. 04-181 amended Subsec. (b) by adding references to endowed or incorporated academies and special education facilities,
effective July 1, 2004.
Sec. 10-221e. Intradistrict student assignment programs. Local and regional
boards of education may develop intradistrict student assignment programs. Under such
programs parents may select the public school which their child will attend provided
the school is in the school district in which the child resides. Boards of education may
provide transportation services to students participating in the program.
(P.A. 96-213, S. 1, 5.)
History: P.A. 96-213 effective July 1, 1996.
Sec. 10-221f. School uniforms. A local or regional board of education may specify
a school uniform for students in schools under its jurisdiction.
(P.A. 96-101, S. 1, 2.)
History: P.A. 96-101 effective May 8, 1996.
Sec. 10-221g. Instructional time and facility usage assessment. Each local and
regional board of education shall conduct an instructional time and facility usage assessment in order to maximize student learning and community use of facilities. For purposes
of such audit, the superintendent of schools of each school district shall meet regularly
with representatives from the public library and the recreation department in the town
or towns that comprise the school district to coordinate the availability of facilities.
(P.A. 97-290, S. 11, 29.)
History: P.A. 97-290 effective July 1, 1997.
Sec. 10-221h. Plan to improve reading skills. On or before September 1, 1999,
each local and regional board of education shall develop and implement a three-year
plan to improve the reading skills of students in grades kindergarten to three, inclusive.
The plan shall be designed to allow all students to attain reading competency. The plan
shall include: (1) The specific instructional methods, strategies and activities that will
be used to teach reading; (2) a process for assessing and assisting students who are at
risk of failing to learn to read by the end of first grade; (3) periodic evaluations of the
reading level of students; (4) additional time for remedial instruction for students who
fail to make progress in their reading development or are reading below grade level; (5)
in-service training programs on the teaching of reading for elementary school teachers;
(6) a process for involving parents in addressing the reading problems of their children,
including a requirement to provide information to parents on strategies that can be used
at home to improve the child's language development prereading or reading skills and
referrals to family literacy programs, as appropriate, that incorporate adult basic education and provide for the promotion of literacy through access to public library services;
(7) ongoing data collection and monitoring of program effectiveness; and (8) the establishment of school and public library partnerships to improve prereading and reading
skills.
(P.A. 98-243, S. 1, 25.)
History: P.A. 98-243 effective July 1, 1998.
Sec. 10-221i. Technical assistance. Standard of reading competency. (a) The
Department of Education shall provide technical assistance to local and regional boards
of education on the development of the plans required pursuant to section 10-221h. The
department shall advise local and regional boards of education on: (1) Methods and
strategies for assessing students who are at risk of failing to learn to read by the end of
first grade; and (2) the development of in-service training programs on the teaching of
reading and assessment of reading competency for teachers in grades kindergarten to
three, inclusive.
(b) The State Board of Education shall establish a standard of reading competency
for use by local and regional boards of education to measure reading competency for
students in grades one to three, inclusive. The standard may be a requirement for a
certain score on a standardized test.
(P.A. 97-290, S. 23, 29; P.A. 98-243, S. 2, 25.)
History: P.A. 97-290 effective July 1, 1997; P.A. 98-243 added new Subsec. (a) re technical assistance, redesignating
the existing Subsec. (a) as Subsec. (b), and deleted former Subsec. (b) re report to the General Assembly, effective July
1, 1998 (Revisor's note: In Subsec. (a)(1) the phrase "... the teaching of the reading and ..." was changed editorially by the
Revisors to "... the teaching of reading and ...").
Sec. 10-221j. Early Reading Success Panel. The Department of Education shall
convene an Early Reading Success Panel composed of elementary school teachers,
school administrators, national experts in the field of reading research and early childhood and higher education experts knowledgeable in the field of reading research. The
panel shall review research on how reading is learned and on the knowledge and skills
necessary for teachers to deliver effective reading instruction by July 1, 2000.
(P.A. 99-227, S. 1, 6.)
History: P.A. 99-227 effective July 1, 1999.
Sec. 10-221k. Assessments by priority school districts of need related to goal
of reading success. Each local or regional board of education for a priority school
district pursuant to section 10-266p shall conduct an assessment of its institutional and
teacher need related to the attainment of the goal of reading success for children in its
schools. The assessment shall include need in the areas of teacher training, assessment
tools, curriculum, library books and other forms of technical assistance. The local or
regional board of education shall report on the results of such assessment to the Department of Education, in such form as the Commissioner of Education prescribes, by July
1, 2000.
(P.A. 99-227, S. 2, 6.)
History: P.A. 99-227 effective July 1, 1999.
Sec. 10-221l. State-Wide Early Reading Success Institute. The Department of
Education shall develop, within available appropriations, a State-Wide Early Reading
Success Institute for educators based on the review completed by the Early Reading
Success Panel pursuant to section 10-221j and the assessments conducted pursuant to
section 10-221k. The institute shall commence operation in the 2000-2001 school year.
The institute shall use a training curriculum that incorporates comprehensive instruction
in reading as determined by the Early Reading Success Panel pursuant to section 10-221j, to include, but not be limited to: (1) Instructional strategies that can be adapted
for each student's needs; (2) early screening and ongoing assessment to determine which
individual students need additional instruction; (3) teaching of oral language competencies, including phonological awareness, vocabulary, listening comprehension and grammatical skills; (4) systematic teaching of word identification skills including phonics
instruction and instruction in phonemic awareness; and (5) teaching of comprehension
competencies, including the use of context to infer meaning.
(P.A. 99-227, S. 3, 6; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 01-1, S. 17, 54; P.A. 03-76, S. 46.)
History: P.A. 99-227 effective July 1, 1999; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 01-1 added requirements re training curriculum used
by the institute, effective July 1, 2001; P.A. 03-76 made a technical change, effective June 3, 2003.
Sec. 10-221m. Development and implementation of in-service reading instruction training program by priority school districts. (a) On or before July 1, 2001,
each local or regional board of education for a priority school district pursuant to section
10-266p shall develop and implement a three-year in-service reading instruction training
plan for the professional development of the district's school librarians, elementary
school principals and not less than seventy per cent of its teachers in grades kindergarten
to three, inclusive, provided spaces are available at the State-Wide Early Reading Success Institute for such training.
(b) On or before October 1, 2001, each local or regional board of education for a
priority school district shall revise the plan developed pursuant to subsection (a) of this
section and implement such revised plan. The revised plan shall provide for a five-year school-based in-service reading instruction training program for the professional
development of each elementary school's librarian, principal, reading specialist, special
education teachers, speech and language specialists and classroom teachers in grades
kindergarten to three, inclusive. Such plan shall (1) utilize the school-based training
model developed by the State-Wide Early Reading Success Institute pursuant to section
10-221l, and (2) require the board of education to appoint a new or existing employee
to serve as a school-based content specialist coordinator. The local or regional board of
education may use funds received by the school district pursuant to section 10-265f for
teacher training based on the plan.
(P.A. 99-227, S. 4, 6; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 01-1, S. 18, 54.)
History: P.A. 99-227 effective July 1, 1999; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 01-1 divided existing provisions into Subsecs. (a) and
(b) and in Subsec. (b) added requirements re development and implementation of revised plan that provides for five-year
school-based in-service reading instruction training program for specified personnel, re use of a school-based training
model and re appointment of a new or existing employee as a school-based content specialist coordinator, effective July
1, 2001.
Sec. 10-221n. Independent evaluation. The Department of Education shall contract, within available appropriations, for an independent evaluation of the early reading
success teacher training and curriculum modules as delineated in sections 10-221j to
10-221m, inclusive.
(June Sp. Sess. P.A. 01-1, S. 20, 54.)
History: June Sp. Sess. P.A. 01-1 effective July 1, 2001.
Sec. 10-221o. Lunch periods. Recess. Each local and regional board of education
shall require each school under its jurisdiction to (1) offer all full day students a daily
lunch period of not less than twenty minutes, and (2) include in the regular school day
for each student enrolled in grades kindergarten to five, inclusive, a period of physical
exercise, except that a planning and placement team may develop a different schedule
for a child requiring special education and related services in accordance with chapter
164 and the Individuals With Disabilities Education Act, 20 USC 1400 et seq., as
amended from time to time. In the event of a conflict with this section and any provision
of chapter 164, such other provision of chapter 164 shall be deemed controlling.
(P.A. 04-224, S. 1.)
History: P.A. 04-224 effective July 1, 2004 (Revisor's note: A reference to "Individual With Disabilities Education
Act" was changed editorially by the Revisors to "Individuals With Disabilities Education Act" for accuracy).
Sec. 10-221p. Boards to make available for purchase nutritious, low-fat foods
and drinks. Each local and regional board of education shall make available in the
schools under its jurisdiction for purchase by students enrolled in such schools nutritious,
low-fat foods and drinks, which shall include, but shall not be limited to, low-fat milk,
one hundred per cent natural fruit juices and water at all times when drink is available
for purchase by students in such schools and low-fat dairy products and fresh or dried
fruit at all times when food is available for purchase by students in such schools during
the regular school day.
(P.A. 04-224, S. 2.)
History: P.A. 04-224 effective July 1, 2004.
Sec. 10-222. Appropriations and budget. Financial information system. (a)
Each local board of education shall prepare an itemized estimate of the cost of maintenance of public schools for the ensuing year and shall submit such estimate to the board
of finance in each town or city having a board of finance, to the board of selectmen in each
town having no board of finance or otherwise to the authority making appropriations for
the school district, not later than two months preceding the annual meeting at which
appropriations are to be made. The money appropriated by any municipality for the
maintenance of public schools shall be expended by and in the discretion of the board
of education. Except as provided in this subsection, any such board may transfer any
unexpended or uncontracted-for portion of any appropriation for school purposes to any
other item of such itemized estimate. Boards may, by adopting policies and procedures,
authorize designated personnel to make limited transfers under emergency circumstances if the urgent need for the transfer prevents the board from meeting in a timely
fashion to consider such transfer. All transfers made in such instances shall be announced
at the next regularly scheduled meeting of the board. Expenditures by the board of
education shall not exceed the appropriation made by the municipality, with such money
as may be received from other sources for school purposes. If any occasion arises
whereby additional funds are needed by such board, the chairman of such board shall
notify the board of finance, board of selectmen or appropriating authority, as the case
may be, and shall submit a request for additional funds in the same manner as is provided
for departments, boards or agencies of the municipality and no additional funds shall be
expended unless such supplemental appropriation shall be granted and no supplemental
expenditures shall be made in excess of those granted through the appropriating authority. The annual report of the board of education shall, in accordance with section 10-224, include a summary showing (1) the total cost of the maintenance of schools, (2)
the amount received from the state and other sources for the maintenance of schools,
and (3) the net cost to the municipality of the maintenance of schools. For purposes of
this subsection, "meeting" means a meeting, as defined in section 1-200.
(b) The Commissioner of Education shall develop a financial information system to
assist local and regional boards of education in providing to the State Board of Education
budget and year-end expenditure data in conformance with the provisions of section 10-227. The financial information system shall be consistent with regulations concerning
guidelines for municipal financial reports adopted by the Secretary of the Office of
Policy and Management pursuant to the provisions of section 7-394a.
(1949 Rev., S. 1480; P.A. 78-218, S. 147; P.A. 82-217; P.A. 84-484, S. 1, 2; P.A. 98-141, S. 1, 2.)
History: P.A. 78-218 simplified phraseology by specifying applicability of provisions to local boards, substituting
"municipality" for "city, town or school district" and making other technical changes; P.A. 82-217 inserted provisions
relating to supplemental appropriations; P.A. 84-484 inserted Subsec. indicator and added new Subsec. (b) re development
of a financial information system to assist boards of education in reporting budget data; (Revisor's note: In 1995 the
Revisors editorially substituted the numeric indicators (1), (2) and (3) for (a), (b) and (c) at the end of Subsec. (a) for
consistency with statutory usage); P.A. 98-141 amended Subsec. (a) to add provisions re limited transfers in emergency
circumstances and to define "meeting", effective July 1, 1998.
Cited. 115 C. 158; see note to chapter 106. Estimates should be itemized so as to indicate whether or not proposed
expenditures are for purposes as to which board of education has duty or independent discretion. 127 C. 351. Under this
section and provisions of charter Bridgeport board of education has full discretion as to expenditures of money appropriated
for school purposes. 133 C. 415. If board of finance properly exercises its discretion and budget is approved by town,
board of education has no power to exceed appropriations made. 138 C. 521. Board of finance cannot place funds for
school purposes in general government budget to be paid to school board on happening of certain contingencies. 151 C.
1. Cited. 152 C. 568. Cited. 162 C. 393. Cited. 163 C. 537. Cited. 174 C. 522, 528. Cited. 182 C. 253, 259. Cited. 217 C.
110, 126, 130. Cited. 228 C. 699, 715, 716.
Cited. 14 CS 280; 15 CS 370. Board of finance may reduce the estimate submitted by the board of education; authority
of board to refuse to honor vouchers up to the amount of money appropriated for maintenance of schools during the fiscal
year discussed. 20 CS 224. Phrase in third sentence "with such money as may be received from other sources for school
purposes" does not apply to state and federal grants. 25 CS 9. Appropriation request may be reduced by amount board of
aldermen, in its discretion, considers is larger than is reasonably necessary. Id. Provision in Trumbull charter re failure of
board of finance to adopt budget for submission to town council upheld. 32 CS 132. Relationship between boards of
education and municipal budget authorities. Extent of municipal obligation to finance education. 32 CS 132.
Subsec. (a):
Cited. 237 C. 169, 178, 179. Town charter that allows for separate referenda for town's operating budget and education
budget and that allows voters to reject the budgets three times does not rise to the level of a veto and does not violate state
statute and policy concerning education. 268 C. 295.
Sec. 10-222a. Boards to have use of funds from repayment and insurance proceeds for school materials and from payment for custodial services for use of school
facilities. Notwithstanding the provisions of chapter 106, or any municipal charter or
special act to the contrary, whenever any student, or the parent or guardian of any student,
pays for lost, damaged or stolen textbooks, library materials, other materials or equipment, or whenever insurance proceeds are received for lost, damaged or stolen textbooks,
library materials, other materials or equipment, an amount equal to the amount so paid
or received, net of any costs the fiscal authority having budgetary responsibility or
charged with making appropriations for the school district has incurred for the purpose
of replacing or repairing such lost, damaged or stolen textbooks, library materials, other
materials or equipment, shall be deemed to be appropriated to the board of education
in addition to the funds appropriated by the town to such board for the fiscal year in which
such payment is made or insurance proceeds received. Notwithstanding the provisions of
chapter 106, or any municipal charter or special act to the contrary, whenever any outside
group or individual makes payment for custodial costs for use of school facilities or
otherwise for the use of school facilities an amount equal to the amount so paid or
received, net of any costs the fiscal authority having budgetary responsibility or charged
with making appropriations for the school district has incurred for the purpose of providing custodial services shall be deemed to be appropriated to the board of education in
addition to the funds appropriated by the town to such board for the current fiscal year.
(P.A. 84-183, S. 1, 2; P.A. 90-122, S. 1, 3; P.A. 93-14, S. 1, 2; P.A. 94-245, S. 21, 46.)
History: P.A. 90-122 added repayment by parents or guardians of students and that the educational materials for which
payment is received may be stolen and provided that insurance proceeds received for certain lost, damaged or stolen
educational materials be deemed appropriated to the board of education; P.A. 93-14 added "equipment", removed specification that the material be "educational" and replaced "current" fiscal year with fiscal year "in which such payment is made
or insurance proceeds received", effective April 21, 1993; P.A. 94-245 added provision for the use of funds received for
payment for custodial services for the use of school facilities by outside groups and individuals, effective June 2, 1994.
Sec. 10-222b. Board to have use of funds from the Manville property damage
settlement trust. Section 10-222b is repealed, effective July 1, 2000.
(P.A. 90-122, S. 2, 3; P.A. 00-220, S. 42, 43.)
Sec. 10-222c. Hiring policy. Prior to hiring any person, a local or regional board
of education shall make a documented good faith effort to contact previous employers
of the person in order to obtain information and recommendations which may be relevant
to the person's fitness for employment.
(P.A. 01-173, S. 56, 67.)
History: P.A. 01-173 effective July 1, 2001.
Sec. 10-222d. Policy on bullying behavior. Each local and regional board of education shall develop a policy, for use on and after February 1, 2003, to address the
existence of bullying in its schools. Such policy shall: (1) Enable students to anonymously report acts of bullying to teachers and school administrators, (2) enable the
parents or guardians of students to file written reports of suspected bullying, (3) require
teachers and other school staff who witness acts of bullying or receive student reports
of bullying to notify school administrators, (4) require school administrators to investigate any written reports filed pursuant to subdivision (2) of this section and to review
any anonymous reports, (5) include an intervention strategy for school staff to deal
with bullying, (6) provide for the inclusion of language in student codes of conduct
concerning bullying, (7) require the parents or guardians of students who commit any
verified acts of bullying and the parents or guardians of students against whom such
acts were directed to be notified, and (8) require each school to maintain a list of the
number of verified acts of bullying in such school and make such list available for public
inspection. The notification required pursuant to subdivision (7) of this section shall
include a description of the response of school staff to such acts and any consequences
that may result from the commission of further acts of bullying. For purposes of this
section, "bullying" means any overt acts by a student or a group of students directed
against another student with the intent to ridicule, humiliate or intimidate the other
student while on school grounds or at a school-sponsored activity which acts are repeated
against the same student over time.
(P.A. 02-119, S. 1.)
History: P.A. 02-119 effective July 1, 2002.
Sec. 10-222e. Policy on evaluation and termination of athletic coaches. (a) Local and regional boards of education that employ athletic coaches shall require the
coaches' immediate supervisor to evaluate such coaches on an annual basis and to provide such coaches with copies of such evaluations.
(b) Any local or regional board of education acting directly, or through its duly
authorized agent, that terminates or declines to renew the coaching contract of an athletic
coach who has served in the same coaching position for three or more consecutive
school years shall inform such coach of such decision no later than ninety days after
the completion of the sport season covered by the contract. Such coach shall have an
opportunity to appeal such decision to the local or regional board of education in a
manner prescribed by such local or regional board of education. Nothing in this subsection shall prohibit a local or regional board of education from terminating the coaching
contract of an athletic coach at any time (1) for reasons of moral misconduct, insubordination or a violation of the rules of the board of education, or (2) because a sport has
been cancelled by the board of education.
(c) For the purposes of this section, "athletic coach" means any person holding a
coaching permit who is hired by a local or regional board of education to coach for a
sport season.
(P.A. 04-243, S. 1.)
History: P.A. 04-243 effective July 1, 2004.
See Sec. 10-151b re evaluation of teachers.
Sec. 10-223. Separate high school accounts. Section 10-223 is repealed, effective
June 3, 1996.
(1949 Rev., S. 1481; P.A. 78-218, S. 148; P.A. 96-161, S. 12, 13.)
Sec. 10-223a. Promotion and graduation policies. Basic skills necessary for
graduation; assessment process. (a) On or before July 1, 2000, each local and regional
board of education shall review and revise its policies for promotion from grade to grade
and for graduation in order to ensure that such policies foster student achievement,
reduce the incidence of social promotion and meet the requirements of this section. On
and after said date, such policies shall: (1) Include objective criteria for the promotion
and graduation of students, (2) provide for the measuring of the progress of students
against such criteria and the reporting of such information to parents and students, (3)
include alternatives to promotion such as transition programs, and (4) provide for supplemental services, and such policies may require students who have substantial academic
deficiencies that jeopardize their eligibility for promotion or graduation to attend after
school programs, summer school or other programs offered by the school district that
are designed to assist students in remedying such deficiencies.
(b) On or before September 1, 2002, each local and regional board of education
shall specify the basic skills necessary for graduation for classes graduating in 2006,
and for each graduating class thereafter, and include a process to assess a student's
level of competency in such skills. The assessment criteria shall include, but shall not
exclusively be based on, the results of the tenth grade mastery examination pursuant to
section 10-14n. Each local and regional board of education shall identify a course of
study for those students who have not successfully completed the assessment criteria
to assist such students to reach a satisfactory level of competency prior to graduation.
(P.A. 99-288, S. 1, 6; P.A. 01-166.)
History: P.A. 99-288 effective July 1, 1999; P.A. 01-166 designated existing provisions as Subsec. (a) and added Subsec.
(b) re basic skills necessary for graduation and assessment of competency.
Secs. 10-223b to 10-223d. List of schools in need of improvement; process for
improving school performance. Grants for schools in need of improvement. Identification of successful programs and methods. Sections 10-223b to 10-223d, inclusive,
are repealed, effective August 15, 2002.
(P.A. 99-288, S. 2, 6; P.A. 00-187, S. 1, 2, 75; 00-193, S. 2, 3; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 01-1, S. 36, 54; May 9 Sp. Sess. P.A.
02-7, S. 110.)
Sec. 10-223e. State-wide education accountability plan. (a) In conformance
with the No Child Left Behind Act, P.L. 107-110, the Commissioner of Education shall
prepare a state-wide education accountability plan, consistent with federal law and regulation. Such plan shall identify the schools and districts in need of improvement, require
the development and implementation of improvement plans and utilize rewards and
consequences.
(b) Public schools identified by the State Board of Education pursuant to section
10-223b of the general statutes, revision of 1958, revised to January 1, 2001, as schools
in need of improvement shall: (1) Continue to be identified as schools in need of improvement, and continue to operate under school improvement plans developed pursuant to
said section 10-223b through June 30, 2004; (2) on or before February 1, 2003, be
evaluated by the local board of education and determined to be making sufficient or
insufficient progress; (3) if found to be making insufficient progress by a local board
of education, be subject to a new remediation and organization plan developed by the
local board of education; (4) continue to be eligible for available federal or state aid;
(5) beginning in February, 2003, be monitored by the Department of Education for
adequate yearly progress, as defined in the state accountability plan prepared in accordance with subsection (a) of this section; and (6) be subject to rewards and consequences
as defined in said plan.
(May 9 Sp. Sess. P.A. 02-7, S. 6.)
History: May 9 Sp. Sess. P.A. 02-7 effective August 15, 2002.
Sec. 10-224. Duties of the secretary. The secretary of the board of education shall
keep a record of all its proceedings in a book which such secretary shall provide for that
purpose at the expense of the town and shall submit to the town at its annual meetings
a report of the doings of the board. The report of the secretary and of the superintendent
of schools shall be printed with the reports of the town officers. The superintendent
of schools shall report to the Commissioner of Education such returns and statistics
respecting the schools of the town as the commissioner requests.
(1949 Rev., S. 1482; P.A. 77-167, S. 1, 3; 77-614, S. 302, 610; P.A. 78-218, S. 149; P.A. 90-325, S. 8, 32.)
History: P.A. 77-167 deleted requirement that two copies of report be sent to secretary of the state board on or before
October fifteenth and replaced it with more general requirement that report to secretary consist of "such returns and
statistics ... as said board requests"; P.A. 77-614 substituted commissioner of education for secretary of the state board of
education, effective January 1, 1979; P.A. 78-218 deleted references to supervising agents and replaced "he" with "such
secretary"; P.A. 90-325 provided that the returns and statistics reported by the superintendent be as requested by the
commissioner of education, rather than the board of education.
Mandamus does not lie to compel secretary to insert in minutes acts of board of which he has no knowledge. 97 C. 434.
Sec. 10-225. Salaries of secretary and attendance officers. The salaries and compensation of the secretary of the board of education and of the attendance officers may
be fixed by the town, as provided in section 7-460, but, until the town acts, the board
of education shall fix such salary or compensation; provided no member of the board
of education shall receive any compensation for services rendered as such member, but
such member may be paid necessary expenses when performing a duty delegated by
said board.
(1949 Rev., S. 1483; 1957, P.A. 13, S. 63; P.A. 78-218, S. 150.)
History: P.A. 78-218 substituted "such member" for "he" and deleted "his" in phrase "his necessary expenses".
Sec. 10-226. Reports to Commissioner of Education. Each local and regional
board of education shall annually, before the first of October, return to the Commissioner
of Education the name and the address of employment and contractual annual salary,
or the equivalent thereof, of each teacher, principal and superintendent or other certified
person which it employs. Each local and regional board of education shall submit to the
Commissioner of Education, within seven days after receipt of notice of the decision
to accept a contract offer for employment as a new superintendent, the name and address
of the person accepting such offer.
(1949 Rev., S. 1484; February, 1965, P.A. 282, S. 1; 1971, P.A. 90, S. 1; P.A. 77-614, S. 302, 610; P.A. 78-218, S.
151; P.A. 83-116, S. 1, 2; P.A. 85-54, S. 2, 3.)
History: 1965 act changed deadline for reporting information re board members to secretary of state board from "annually
before the fifteenth of October" to "within thirty days of the date of election" of the members but kept October fifteenth
deadline for reporting information re teachers, principals and superintendents; 1971 act changed report date for teacher,
principal and superintendent information to October first and required inclusion in report of data concerning "other certified"
personnel; P.A. 77-614 substituted commissioner of education for secretary of the state board of education, effective
January 1, 1979; P.A. 78-218 substituted "local" for "town" boards of education, deleted references to school districts and
substituted "which it employs" for "employed in the public schools within its town or district"; P.A. 83-116 deleted
requirement that boards of education report to commissioner of education names and addresses of their members; P.A.
85-54 added requirement that hiring board notify commissioner of name and address of person accepting offer of contract.
Sec. 10-226a. Documentation of pupils and teachers of racial minorities and
pupils eligible for free or reduced price lunches. (a) Each local or regional board of
education shall annually submit to the State Board of Education at such time and in such
manner as the state board may prescribe such data as the state board may require in
order to determine the total number of pupils and teachers of racial minorities and pupils
eligible for free or reduced price lunches in the schools under the jurisdiction of each
local or regional board and, in such cases as the state board shall determine, the number
of pupils and teachers of racial minorities and pupils eligible for free and reduced price
lunches in each school and in each grade.
(b) As used in sections 10-226a to 10-226e, inclusive, "pupils and teachers of racial
minorities" means those whose race is defined as other than white, or whose ethnicity
is defined as Hispanic or Latino by the federal Office of Management and Budget for
use by the Bureau of Census of the United States Department of Commerce.
(1969, P.A. 773, S. 1; P.A. 74-149; P.A. 78-218, S. 152; P.A. 98-252, S. 40, 80; P.A. 03-174, S. 4.)
History: P.A. 74-149 redefined "pupils of racial minorities" by deleting clause "and whose color, appearance ... are
distinguishable from persons whose ancestry is totally Caucasian"; P.A. 78-218 specified "local and regional" boards
rather than "town boards"; P.A. 98-252 amended Subsec. (a) to add teachers of racial minorities and pupils eligible for
free or reduced price lunches and amended Subsec. (b) to add teachers and to change the definition of racial minorities to
the definition for other than white used by the Bureau of Census of the United States Department of Commerce, effective
July 1, 1998; P.A. 03-174 amended Subsec. (b) by substituting "race" for "racial ancestry" and by adding provision re
ethnicity as Hispanic or Latino, effective, July 1, 2003.
Cited. 238 C. 1.
Sec. 10-226b. Existence of racial imbalance. (a) Whenever the State Board of
Education finds that racial imbalance exists in a public school, it shall notify in writing
the board of education having jurisdiction over said school that such finding has been
made.
(b) As used in sections 10-226a to 10-226e, inclusive, "racial imbalance" means a
condition wherein the proportion of pupils of racial minorities in all of the grades of a
public school of the secondary level or below taken together substantially exceeds or
falls substantially short of the proportion of such public school pupils in all of the same
grades of the school district in which said school is situated taken together.
(1969, P.A. 773, S. 2.)
Cited. 21 CA 67, 68.
Sec. 10-226c. Plan to correct imbalance. (a) Any board of education receiving
notification of the existence of racial imbalance as specified in section 10-226b shall
forthwith prepare a plan to correct such imbalance and file a copy of said plan with the
State Board of Education. Said plan may be limited to addressing the imbalance existing
at any school and need not result in a district-wide plan or district-wide pupil reassignment. A school district may request an extension of time in cases in which the number
of students causing said imbalance is fewer than five students at a school.
(b) Any plan submitted by the board of education of any town under sections 10-226a to 10-226e, inclusive, shall include any proposed changes in existing school attendance districts, the location of proposed school building sites as related to the problem,
any proposed additions to existing school buildings and all other means proposed for
the correction of said racial imbalance. The plan shall include projections of the expected
racial composition of all public schools in the district. The plan may include provision
for cooperation with other school districts to assist in the correction of racial imbalance.
(1969, P.A. 773, S. 3, 4; P.A. 98-252, S. 41, 80.)
History: P.A. 98-252 amended Subsec. (a) to allow the plan to address imbalance existing at any school and not require
a district-wide plan or pupil reassignment and to provide for extensions of time under specified circumstances, and amended
Subsec. (b) to make a technical change, effective July 1, 1998.